On January 25, 2019, ICLR hosted a Friday Forum Webinar titled 'TRCA Flood Risk Assessment Project', led by Rebecca Elliott, water resources engineer with the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. TRCA’s Flood Risk Assessment project recently assessed flood risk by utilizing flood hazard information from the hydrology and hydraulic modelling for seven different return-period storm events (2-350 year and Regional) at all the historic flood vulnerable areas in the Region. The purpose of this assessment was to combine current riverine flood hazard information and flood exposure information to calculate flood vulnerability and quantify flood risk at both the individual structure level and at a flood-vulnerable cluster level. Flood exposure information includes flood depth and velocity at each building and road subject to flooding for each of the seven return-period storms relative to the first floor elevation of the building. As highlighted by recent major flooding events, including the tropical rainstorm and the Spring 2017 flooding in Ontario/Quebec, as well as Hurricane Harvey’s impact to Texas, many people inhabiting flood-prone communities are not fully aware of the risks to themselves and their property. The Flood Risk Outreach project will build on the results from TRCA’s Flood Risk Assessment project by supporting public awareness of potential flood emergencies. In turn, this can lessen the impact of flooding to these areas, as residents can take preparatory steps to protect themselves and their homes. Recent studies have shown that only a small percentage of residents living in flood prone areas are aware of their flood risk.
Rebecca Elliott is a water resources engineer with 12 years of experience, and more than two years with the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. She received her undergraduate degree from the University of Guelph with a Bachelor of Science in Water Resources Engineering, and has been a practicing Professional Engineer since 2011. As Flood Risk Management Engineer her role is to manage the flood forecasting and warning program at the TRCA.
Environmental and Social Impacts of Hydro-Electric Dams in Chamba District o...Hasrat Arjjumend
Having 4300 large dams already constructed and many more in pipeline, India is one of world's most prolific dam-builders. Large dams in India are estimated to have submerged about 37500 km2 land area and displaced tens of millions of people. Himachal Pradesh is proceeding towards power-surplus state and there are as many as 401 projects of different magnitude in different stages of installation on 5 river basins of the state i.e. Satluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab and Yamuna. State has identified its hydropower generation potential at 23,000 MW. The ecological devastation caused by various projects at lower altitudes of Himachal Pradesh has been alarming; while the prospect of what will happen to the fragile alpine ecosystem is frightening. These projects will change the microclimate that will result in accelerated melting of the snow and glaciers at high altitudes. Like other river basins of the state, hydro-electric power generation in Chamba district was started in 1980s, with 117 mini & micro power projects in different stages of execution at present. Having the special focus on Hul projects the present paper explores the impacts of various dams on environment and local people in Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. About 6000 local people are being affected by Hul-I project only. The consequences to nature and wildlife will also prove disastrous. As of now, the wildlife such as deer, bear, goat, tiger and peacock do not enter the fields of farmers. Deforestation and soil erosion are even more devastating. Making the situation even more absurd is that the benefits of these power plants do not go to the community suffering the consequences. Gujjar and Gaddi tribes in the state of Himachal Pradesh have been agitating against 4.5 MW hydropower plant from diverting the entire flow of the Hul stream, on which their lives depend. These communities have for more than two decades protected and preserved the forests from which Hul stream originates. The project’s pipeline is said to destroy about 2000 of slow-growing oak trees. Livelihood and social impacts of poorly planned mini-hydel projects can be thus devastating, as exemplified in this case.
This presentation covers an imaginary design of diversion dam in Tarbela dam Pakistan. The design covers all the prospects of dam engineering, from basics dam planning to construction.
GROUND WATER RECHARGE TECHNIQUES BY CH.APPARAO (Research Associate, ARS, ATP)Apparao Chodisetti
Ground water recharge is the process whereby the amount of water present in or flowing through the interstices of the sub-soil increases by natural or artificial means. Rainfall is the principal source for replenishment of recharge of ground water. Other sources include recharge from rivers, streams, irrigation water etc. An unconfined aquifer is recharged directly by local rainfall, rivers, and lakes, and the rate of recharge will be influenced by the permeability of overlying rocks and soils. A confined aquifer, on the other hand, is characterized by an overlying bed that is impermeable, and local rainfall does not influence the aquifer. It is normally recharged from lakes, rivers, and rainfall that may occur at distances ranging from a few kilometers to thousands of kilometers.
I have tried to discuss about the fundamental knowledge related to Irrigation and Flood Control in short. For more details anyone can visit the books that I have mentioned in my slide presentation. I have tried to cover major topics from books so that student can find it easy to understand and learn about irrigation and flood control. I hope it will help everyone who has interest to Irrigation Engineering.
Participatory irigation management under tanks_ K. Sivasubramaniam_2013India Water Portal
In this presentation, K. Sivasubramaniam from the Madras Institute of Development Studies brings out the importance of tanks in irrigation and need for them to be managed effectively. He takes up the case of the Tamil Nadu - Irrigated Agriculture Modernisation and Water-bodies Restoration and Management (IAMWARM) project and discusses his research findings.
Prayas, the word in Sanskrit means making an effort, attempt, try, exercising, and practicing some positive actions for the betterment of individual and the community as well.
Here, in Tenet, “Prayas” is entitled as an interim effort of Tenetians for betterment in professional, educational, cultural and social aspects of life. It includes different training, exercising and performing activities to share the best of a person’s thought with others.
In Prayas, presently we have several agendas like Prayas-1, the “share-your-knowledge” programme, exercising a power-point presentation in every Wednesday by an individual under a senior’s mentorship. This exercise also helps in improving our communication skill. In Prayas-2, “personality development” programme, we conduct language skill building classes for our Tenetians in every Monday evening. Apart from these, we are arranging several cultural activities by individual’s performances under Prayas-1 to enjoy environment with work.
We also have a few more sports activities already started to refresh our body and mind to enhance an overall growth for all of us to come under Prayas very shortly.
Prayas Session : Rain Water Harvesting by Soumalya Nandi
On January 25, 2019, ICLR hosted a Friday Forum Webinar titled 'TRCA Flood Risk Assessment Project', led by Rebecca Elliott, water resources engineer with the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. TRCA’s Flood Risk Assessment project recently assessed flood risk by utilizing flood hazard information from the hydrology and hydraulic modelling for seven different return-period storm events (2-350 year and Regional) at all the historic flood vulnerable areas in the Region. The purpose of this assessment was to combine current riverine flood hazard information and flood exposure information to calculate flood vulnerability and quantify flood risk at both the individual structure level and at a flood-vulnerable cluster level. Flood exposure information includes flood depth and velocity at each building and road subject to flooding for each of the seven return-period storms relative to the first floor elevation of the building. As highlighted by recent major flooding events, including the tropical rainstorm and the Spring 2017 flooding in Ontario/Quebec, as well as Hurricane Harvey’s impact to Texas, many people inhabiting flood-prone communities are not fully aware of the risks to themselves and their property. The Flood Risk Outreach project will build on the results from TRCA’s Flood Risk Assessment project by supporting public awareness of potential flood emergencies. In turn, this can lessen the impact of flooding to these areas, as residents can take preparatory steps to protect themselves and their homes. Recent studies have shown that only a small percentage of residents living in flood prone areas are aware of their flood risk.
Rebecca Elliott is a water resources engineer with 12 years of experience, and more than two years with the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. She received her undergraduate degree from the University of Guelph with a Bachelor of Science in Water Resources Engineering, and has been a practicing Professional Engineer since 2011. As Flood Risk Management Engineer her role is to manage the flood forecasting and warning program at the TRCA.
Environmental and Social Impacts of Hydro-Electric Dams in Chamba District o...Hasrat Arjjumend
Having 4300 large dams already constructed and many more in pipeline, India is one of world's most prolific dam-builders. Large dams in India are estimated to have submerged about 37500 km2 land area and displaced tens of millions of people. Himachal Pradesh is proceeding towards power-surplus state and there are as many as 401 projects of different magnitude in different stages of installation on 5 river basins of the state i.e. Satluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab and Yamuna. State has identified its hydropower generation potential at 23,000 MW. The ecological devastation caused by various projects at lower altitudes of Himachal Pradesh has been alarming; while the prospect of what will happen to the fragile alpine ecosystem is frightening. These projects will change the microclimate that will result in accelerated melting of the snow and glaciers at high altitudes. Like other river basins of the state, hydro-electric power generation in Chamba district was started in 1980s, with 117 mini & micro power projects in different stages of execution at present. Having the special focus on Hul projects the present paper explores the impacts of various dams on environment and local people in Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. About 6000 local people are being affected by Hul-I project only. The consequences to nature and wildlife will also prove disastrous. As of now, the wildlife such as deer, bear, goat, tiger and peacock do not enter the fields of farmers. Deforestation and soil erosion are even more devastating. Making the situation even more absurd is that the benefits of these power plants do not go to the community suffering the consequences. Gujjar and Gaddi tribes in the state of Himachal Pradesh have been agitating against 4.5 MW hydropower plant from diverting the entire flow of the Hul stream, on which their lives depend. These communities have for more than two decades protected and preserved the forests from which Hul stream originates. The project’s pipeline is said to destroy about 2000 of slow-growing oak trees. Livelihood and social impacts of poorly planned mini-hydel projects can be thus devastating, as exemplified in this case.
This presentation covers an imaginary design of diversion dam in Tarbela dam Pakistan. The design covers all the prospects of dam engineering, from basics dam planning to construction.
GROUND WATER RECHARGE TECHNIQUES BY CH.APPARAO (Research Associate, ARS, ATP)Apparao Chodisetti
Ground water recharge is the process whereby the amount of water present in or flowing through the interstices of the sub-soil increases by natural or artificial means. Rainfall is the principal source for replenishment of recharge of ground water. Other sources include recharge from rivers, streams, irrigation water etc. An unconfined aquifer is recharged directly by local rainfall, rivers, and lakes, and the rate of recharge will be influenced by the permeability of overlying rocks and soils. A confined aquifer, on the other hand, is characterized by an overlying bed that is impermeable, and local rainfall does not influence the aquifer. It is normally recharged from lakes, rivers, and rainfall that may occur at distances ranging from a few kilometers to thousands of kilometers.
I have tried to discuss about the fundamental knowledge related to Irrigation and Flood Control in short. For more details anyone can visit the books that I have mentioned in my slide presentation. I have tried to cover major topics from books so that student can find it easy to understand and learn about irrigation and flood control. I hope it will help everyone who has interest to Irrigation Engineering.
Participatory irigation management under tanks_ K. Sivasubramaniam_2013India Water Portal
In this presentation, K. Sivasubramaniam from the Madras Institute of Development Studies brings out the importance of tanks in irrigation and need for them to be managed effectively. He takes up the case of the Tamil Nadu - Irrigated Agriculture Modernisation and Water-bodies Restoration and Management (IAMWARM) project and discusses his research findings.
Prayas, the word in Sanskrit means making an effort, attempt, try, exercising, and practicing some positive actions for the betterment of individual and the community as well.
Here, in Tenet, “Prayas” is entitled as an interim effort of Tenetians for betterment in professional, educational, cultural and social aspects of life. It includes different training, exercising and performing activities to share the best of a person’s thought with others.
In Prayas, presently we have several agendas like Prayas-1, the “share-your-knowledge” programme, exercising a power-point presentation in every Wednesday by an individual under a senior’s mentorship. This exercise also helps in improving our communication skill. In Prayas-2, “personality development” programme, we conduct language skill building classes for our Tenetians in every Monday evening. Apart from these, we are arranging several cultural activities by individual’s performances under Prayas-1 to enjoy environment with work.
We also have a few more sports activities already started to refresh our body and mind to enhance an overall growth for all of us to come under Prayas very shortly.
Prayas Session : Rain Water Harvesting by Soumalya Nandi
Rapid urban and industrial growth demands more land for further development, to meet this demand land reclamation and utilization of unsuitable and environmentally affected lands have been taken up and converted to useful ones by adopting one or more Ground Improvement Techniques
this presentation is about the reuse of treated wastewater.Different application and technologies involved. I have also put four case studies taken from some journals mentioned.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Urban rainwater harvesting systems promises and challenges in Bangalorezenrain man
How rainwater harvesting is being implemented with persuasion and the law in Bangalore to supplement water requirements of a growing metropolis.The city utility is championing the initiative. This will reduce the demand on the piped water supply..
Groundwater recharge or deep drainage or deep percolation is a hydrologic process where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater. Recharge is the primary method through which water enters an aquifer. This process usually occurs in the vadose zone below plant roots and is often expressed as a flux to the water table surface. Recharge occurs both naturally (through the water cycle) and through anthropogenic processes (i.e., "artificial groundwater recharge"), where rainwater and or reclaimed water is routed to the subsurface.
A lecture on 18th March 2017 on issues around 'Water and Children' in the Child Rights Circle monthly lecture series at Vijaya Teachers Training College, Jayangara, Bengaluru. The third lecture in the series.
A pictorial representation of RWH in Government Schools
Recharge Well Brochure
1. Recharge Well Diagram with details Rainwater Harvesting Guide
RECHARGE WELL
Do-It-Yourself
31st December 2011 is the deadline for Rain Water Harvesting
implementation as per BWSSB regulations.
Did you know? Rules:
Storage/Recharge recommended by BWSSB per sq. mt. of roof area is
This activity (of digging Recharge wells) is providing 20 litres and for paved area is 10 litres.
employment to the Bovi community - the traditional
well diggers
How much will it cost
3 feet diameter and
20 feet deep well
4 feet diameter and
25 feet deep well
5 feet diameter and
30 feet deep well
What does this cost include?
Digging labour
Rings - procurement + transportation
40mm jelly - placed in annular gap between pit and rings
Concrete slab/metal grille - with manhole for maintenance Sir Vishweshwaraiah Rainwater Harvesting Park
Dumping of excavated soil - (this can be very expensive in 8th Main, 40th Cross,
certain parts of Blr !!) 5th Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore.
2. Why should I do ground water recharge? How do shallow acquifers form?
There are cases where locally there will be a layer below the open
5 6
Bangalore is growing at an unprecedented rate, and its sprawling well in the sponge where water from the recharge well does not go
expansion outpaces the public utility’s ability to accommodate into the sponge itself. Instead it builds an underground lake and that
skyrocketing demand for water and sanitation services. It is becomes the shallow acquifer. The recharge well then starts yielding.
increasingly common for new residential communities to assume total
management for their own water and sanitation services through their Over a very long time, deep acquifers can get saturated too, and this
resident welfare associations. Most of these depend on borewells and can build a shallow acquifer above. As more and more water is
tankers, which they sooner or later realize is not a sustainable option. continually drawn from the acquifers, yields (for borewells or open
Groundwater recharge, one of the forms of Rainwater harvesting, can wells) tends to fall off over time, unless recharging is being done.
be instrumental in efforts to achieve long-term water security. By Place all the rings and center them Complete the well by packing Jelly
taking water out of over-stressed storm drains and replenishing them Did you know? all around the RCC rings
into shallow aquifers, groundwater recharge wells effectively raise Residents who have done continuous recharge for a
water tables and reduce the intensity of flooding in a layout. period of 2-3 years have revived wells now that yield 7 8
water all through the year. These houses can do
without corporation water supply.
The making of a Recharge Well
A Recharge Well can be easily constructed using concrete rings
of diameter ranging from 2 feet to 6 feet and depth of 20 feet to 30 feet
to store large volumes of rainwater and recharge the groundwater under
Place a strong perforated RCC For large quantities of water
good hydrostatic pressure. About 70% of the water will percolate
cover or a grill for safety. The (industries, layouts...), a Percolation
vertically, the other 30 % horizontally through the holes provided in the
water should be filtered to remove test should be done with the first
rings. The soil profile of the site helps to determine the depth of the well,
the silt and leaves before it enters well, to see how fast the water
its bottom should reach a critical level of the weathered zone, where the
the well through an internal pipe. enters into the ground, and thus the
water can easily percolate.
number of wells necessary can be
1 2 known.
The diagram above explains Bangalore’s geology- below the top soil
is the weathered zone, which is made of rock and behaves like a How can I clean/ filter the water before
sponge. This layer changes from area to area. Then comes the bed sending it to the Recharge Well?
rock layer. The bed rock is not a monolithic layer; the rocks have
cracks and fissures through which water passes and gets Identify the catchment area and ensure that it is clean and
accumulated inside the rock. This is a deep acquifer. Borewells break unpolluted, make sure there is no sewage close by. Especially
into the bed rock and taps into the water there. when water is picked up from lawns it should be free from
fertilizer and pesticide. The golden rule for recharge is put in only
What is recharging? Excavation: Dig a well having Lower the RCC rings one by one what you can take out and drink.
Recharging is process of letting water back into the earth. A recharge dimension 2” more in diameter, into the well . Place the rings
well is a big hole through which water goes into the sponge or than the RCC rings one above the other. The rooftop rainwater,
weathered zone. Recharge wells are dry wells, in the sense that they water runoff from the
send water down in one direction, and do not yield water (initially at 3 4 storm drains is filtered by
least) themselves. placing a slab and leading
the water into a pipe
Will I get this water back? which has been covered
Imagine a dry sponge and you are pouring water through a hole into with mesh and jelly to
the sponge. The water soaks up the sponge. Sooner or later, the purify the water.
sponge will hit a saturation point. At that point water appears back
in the recharge well and it starts yielding. When this happens (all
recharge wells have this potential) a recharge well becomes an open Is it safe to dig a well in a Residential Area?
well. The Jelly is then lowered into 40 mm Jelly
the well and packed between
the rings and the well to
ensure the rings are in place