Water management in India- Role of rainwater harvestingzenrain man
This is a talk given at an Engineer Association meet on the role of rainwater harvesting in rural and urban areas in the current context of India's water situation.
• Rainwater is a valuable water resource. Rainwater harvesting has been practiced for more than 4,000 years. In developing countries, it is becoming essential owing to the temporal and spatial variability of rainfall.
Water Shortage is a topic which is not restricted to India alone but its a global issue now.Rainwater harvesting is a technique of collection and storage of rainwater into natural reservoirs or tanks, or the infiltration of surface water into subsurface aquifers (before it is lost as surface runoff). One method of rainwater harvesting is rooftop harvesting.
Water management in India- Role of rainwater harvestingzenrain man
This is a talk given at an Engineer Association meet on the role of rainwater harvesting in rural and urban areas in the current context of India's water situation.
• Rainwater is a valuable water resource. Rainwater harvesting has been practiced for more than 4,000 years. In developing countries, it is becoming essential owing to the temporal and spatial variability of rainfall.
Water Shortage is a topic which is not restricted to India alone but its a global issue now.Rainwater harvesting is a technique of collection and storage of rainwater into natural reservoirs or tanks, or the infiltration of surface water into subsurface aquifers (before it is lost as surface runoff). One method of rainwater harvesting is rooftop harvesting.
The annual rainfall of Iran is about 13% as compared to rainfall in India. Despite of it, due to employing Rainwater Harvesting techniques and better water management , the government of Iran has been able to match up the water demands of the citizens of Iran.The presentations gives an overview of torography,technology, various rainwater harvesting structures employed in Iran.
Undertaking Rain Water harvesting across various real estate properties is a key aspect in furthering the RWH cause. Lot of Indians have taken to this practise
Rain water harvesting is a technique of collection and storage of rainwater into natural reservoirs or tanks, or the infiltration of surface water into subsurface aquifers (before it is lost as surface runoff). One method of rainwater harvesting is rooftop harvesting
Rainwater Harvesting ppt/ Uses of rainwater harvesting by Rabindra ChaudharyRabindrachaudhary3
Rainwater harvesting methods/ process/ Types and the component of the rainwater harvesting as well as some fact and comparison element about rainwater harvesting
The annual rainfall of Iran is about 13% as compared to rainfall in India. Despite of it, due to employing Rainwater Harvesting techniques and better water management , the government of Iran has been able to match up the water demands of the citizens of Iran.The presentations gives an overview of torography,technology, various rainwater harvesting structures employed in Iran.
Undertaking Rain Water harvesting across various real estate properties is a key aspect in furthering the RWH cause. Lot of Indians have taken to this practise
Rain water harvesting is a technique of collection and storage of rainwater into natural reservoirs or tanks, or the infiltration of surface water into subsurface aquifers (before it is lost as surface runoff). One method of rainwater harvesting is rooftop harvesting
Rainwater Harvesting ppt/ Uses of rainwater harvesting by Rabindra ChaudharyRabindrachaudhary3
Rainwater harvesting methods/ process/ Types and the component of the rainwater harvesting as well as some fact and comparison element about rainwater harvesting
Case study presentation at CTA Workshop on “Climate Change Solutions that Work for farmers” : INDIGENOUS RAIN WATER HARVESTING (IRWH) IN SUB-SAHARAN WEST-AFRICA promoting resilience and helping smallholder farmers to combat the challenges of climate change
(by Irénikatché AKPONIKPE, Ismail MOUMOUNI and Mohamed N. BACO)
Université de Parakou, BENIN
August 2015
Presentation at CTA Workshop on “Climate Change Solutions that Work for farmers”
A case study of agro-pastoralists in mandera practicing fodder production to enhance food security and resilience
By Osundwa, J.N.; Onyango, D.A. and Ibrahim, M.A.
(August, 2015)
This is a presentation done by me for my class seminar :) .
Topic is based on Rainwater harvesting (Basic).(Not for commercial purposes)
Much useful for students . It contains better graphics and attractive images to make studies for students easier.
Follow me for new presentations.
enjoy !!
Concept Of rainwater harvesting
Why rainwater is harvested
Rainwater harvesting today
Not new to India
Johads of Rajasthan
Rain water harvesting potential in India
Rain water harvesting system
How to harvest rain water
Components of roof top rainwater harvesting system
Filters used
Methods of roof top rain water harvesting
Advantage of rainwater harvesting
Do's and Dont's
Combining Rainwater Harvesting with Water Featuresseanmullarkey
Combining Rainwater Harvesting with Water Features
Sean Mullarkey, Applied Water Technologies
Sustainable water features that captures, stores and utilizes rain water for more than looks. Harvested rainwater can be used
for watering plants, washing cars, topping off the pool and many other uses. Combining rainwater harvesting with a
decorative water feature provides habitat, healthy water and esthetics.
Rainwater harvesting in Chandigarh_Architect Surinder Bahga_August 19, 2015India Water Portal
Best practices in rainwater harvesting from across the world and how Chandigarh can benefit from this knowledge. A presentation by Architect Surinder Bahga at an event on water conservation organised by PHD Chamber of Commerce on August 19, 2015
RAINWATER HARVESTING an investment for next generationMahin Thaliyath
this is prepared for my seminar presentation, i'm happy to share it, for the awareness of rainwater harvesting..
regards,
Mahin
mahinthaliyath@gmail.com
Rainwater harvesting in a megacity presentation for BWSSBzenrain man
How a city strategy for water management can incorporate rainwater harvesting too.
Policies and bye-laws , demonstration , from the house to the city as an approach.
Greenprint your home workshop: Water and you, what it means to be sustainable for water. Avinash Krishnamurthy of Biome explains the importance of water conservation inside the home - why, what and how.
Water issues of Mumbai city from the perspective of the local municipal authority in charges of supply and distribution to the city. Challenges and solutions to meeting the increasing demand for water and dealing with distribution losses among other problems.
Agadir, Morocco Vishwanath IRCSA Rainwater Clubzenrain man
The presentation puts forward some examples of rooftop rainwater harvesting in rural and urban Karnataka State, India.
Rainwater harvesting is now part of policy at the National and State level. Cities are also making it mandatory to supplement water requirements
Some water management systems in Bengaluru - Principles of IUWMzenrain man
Here are some nice water management systems kicking in in Bengaluru.These include rainwater harvesting,restoration of lakes, groundwater recharge,waste-water treatment and the creation of wetlands.
Shri S.V. Ranganath (IAS Retd.), Board Member – CSTEP, delivered a talk at CSTEP on ‘Water and Future of Bengaluru’, as the first part of a series of lectures that he will be delivering on a range of governance-related issues, February 3, 2016.
Concept and approach of springshed development and management 22 jan 2020India Water Portal
Over the last decade, demand for spring management has increased as traditional spring sources have started drying up or becoming contaminated. In response, communities, NGOs and state agencies began dedicated spring protection programmes. In the Himalayas, the State of Sikkim and organizations such as Central Himalayan Action and Research Group (CHIRAG) and People Science Institute (PSI) started identifying and protecting spring recharge areas around 2007. The difference between these programmes and many other previous efforts is that they went beyond supply-side improvements to focus on the use of hydrogeology to map springsheds for targeted interventions.
The Advanced Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (ACWADAM), a research and capacity-building organization comprised of hydrogeologists and other experts began lending their expertise and building capacity of stakeholders. ACWADAM provides technical support, training and materials in hydrogeology to all network partners as well as others in India and the region. Similar programmes began independently in most of the mountain regions of India. Arghyam, a funding organization that was supporting many of these programmes, noticed that these disparate initiatives shared commonalities despite geographic diversity. They thus organized and funded a meeting of these various organizations in June 2014, and the Springs Initiative was born.
The springs initiative aims to tackle the current water crisis and to ensure safe and sustainable access to water for all, by promoting responsible and appropriate management of aquifers, springsheds, and watersheds and conserving ecosystems in partnership with communities, governments and other stakeholders.
This presentation has been developed as a part of the springs initiative to promote an understanding of springs and their role in mountainous areas.
A study on best practices of Water Supply infrastructures in 3 Indian cities and 2 International cities- towards the partial fulfillment of credits for the course CB1- Infrastructure and Transport Planning at the School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi (November 2019)
A lecture on 18th March 2017 on issues around 'Water and Children' in the Child Rights Circle monthly lecture series at Vijaya Teachers Training College, Jayangara, Bengaluru. The third lecture in the series.
different Modes of Insect Plant InteractionArchita Das
different modes of interaction between insects and plants including mutualism, commensalism, antagonism, Pairwise and diffuse coevolution, Plant defenses, how coevolution started
Top 8 Strategies for Effective Sustainable Waste Management.pdfJhon Wick
Discover top strategies for effective sustainable waste management, including product removal and product destruction. Learn how to reduce, reuse, recycle, compost, implement waste segregation, and explore innovative technologies for a greener future.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
15. How much water do I use ?
Use Litres/person
Drinking 3
Cooking 4
Bathing 20
Flushing 40
Washing-clothes 25
Washing Utensils 20
Gardening 23
Total 135
Real Consumption range :
from 50 to 300 liters per person per day
National Town planning Norms :
Urban : 135 Lpcd
Rural (Karnataka) : 55 Lpcd
16. How to do Rainwater Harvesting ?
1. Catchment
2. Conveyance
3. First Rain separator
4. Pre-Filter
5. Storage / Recharge
6. Point of use Treatment
17. Rainfall pattern in Mysore
MONTH DAYS QUANTITY (mm)
JAN 0.2 1.9
FEB 0.4 5.2
MAR 0.5 8.5
APR 3.9 61
MAY 7.4 148.3
JUN 5.6 72.7
JUL 8 80.4
AUG 5.7 63.7
SEP 6.3 106.2
OCT 8.9 166.5
NOV 3.6 58
DEC 1.1 16.5
TOTAL 51.6 788.9
19. How much water from the terrace ?
Site
size
Terrace
area
Amount of water for one 30mm
rain
30*40 ft 900 sq ft (900 sq ft * 0.9 * 30mm)
-------------------------------
(3.3 * 3.3)
= 2231 litres
Coefficient of runoff
Terrace absorbs water
Depends on material
Quantum of rain
Terrace Area
To get litres
20. What about the rain ? : Local hydrologic cycle
Site : 30 * 40 (Area 110 sqm)
Annual rainfall on it in B’lore : 106700 Litres
Before construction After construction
Runoff : 10%
10670 Litres / annum
Runoff: 80%
85360 Litres / annum
Difference :74690 Litres / annum
Who should manage this excess ?
21. Let’s look at the numbers more closely…..
Rainfall Water falling on the roof
(30 * 40 site)
10 mm (small shower) 1000 litres
30 mm (Average shower) 3000 litres
60mm (heavy shower) 6000 litres
Annually in Bangalore – 970mm 87300 litres
4 member household, @ 135 lpcd needs 540 litres / day
i.e. in Bangalore there is enough rain falling for 161 days of a family
Or
For nearly 5.5 months of the year
that is
Almost 50% of a household’s needs !!!
Can we capture this store it or recharge it into our borewells
(or can we do rainwater harvesting) ?
22. ….So how clean is Rainwater ?....
Rainwater in a Glass
Cauvery water in a Glass
-
Guess
Which is which ?
A Bucket of Rainwater in
Kurubarakunte village, Bangalore
45. Capital cost – in Bangalore
• Piped water supply :
1,500 Million Litres per Day
• Rainwater :
close to 2,125 Million Litres per Day
46. Rainwater harvesting and
Building bye-laws
Implementing Rainwater harvesting:
• Key instrument building bye-law ?
• How do you ensure effectiveness of
implemented projects ? (technical standards)
• How do you incentivize people who adopt it?
(Can you tie it up with tariffs, property tax
etc? – the importance of metering)
• How do you monitor effectiveness ?
47. Bangalore : An example
Two laws –
1. Building bye-law in 2005 (BBMP
implementer)
2. Amendment of BWSSB Act 2010 (BWSSB
implementer)
3. Imposed on all properties that will be built
30*40ft and more
4. Applicable to already built buildings (as of
2010) 60*40ft and above
48. Bangalore: An example
5. Technical standards
Every square meter of roof area : 20 L
storage/recharge
Every square meter of non paved area : 10 L of
recharge
(i.e. a 20mm design – captures 80% of rain for
Bangalore)
6. Incentives & monitoring ineffective (?)
49. CASE STUDY : RAINBOW DRIVE
Location Sarjapur Road, Bangalore – Ground water stressed area
Size 34 acres, approx 350 plots, 200 occupied
Details Currently governed by Plot owners association (Society)
since 2002.
No BWSSB connection
Dependent on Ground water ( owned bore wells)
51. WATER SUPPLY - SOURCE
Currently Yielding Borewells
Currently 2 such borewells
Over last 6 years 4 Borewells dried
One in this photo was highest yielding borewell
Around 2 years back – now totally dry.
…….and Individual homes calling Tankers when layout supply not enough!!!
52. WATER SUPPLY - DISTRIBUTION
Two Centralised overhead tanks with
Piped connection to Each household.
Infrastructure Owned, Managed and
Operated by Plot owners association
54. WASTE WATER & SANITATION
Two STPs given by the builder
STPs functioning questionable
What to do with “treated” waste
water?
Infrastructure Owned, Managed and
Operated by Plot owners association
55. SUMMARY OF KEY PROBLEMS
•Increasing water insecurity – borewells drying up.
•Community as a whole not aware of the problems – wasteful consumption
•Water Tankers not reliable.
•Flash flooding at entrance during heavy rains
•STP output water stagnating at entrance drains
56. IUWM INTERVENTIONS – FOUR PHASES
Phase Purpose Activities Results
Phase I Problem diagnosis,
Getting people on
board
Data collection,
communication to
people
Water literacy and
problem statement
Phase II Ground water and
Demand
management
Sourcing expertise,
Implementation of
RWH
Kick off of RWH at
HH and collective
level
Phase III Ground water and
Demand
management
Finalising new
Tariff regime,
continued
investment in RWH
Second phase of
RWH and New Tariff
regime
Phase IV Waste Water
management
Yet to start Intended to improve
treatment and reuse
waste water for
landscape
57. GROUND-WATER MANAGEMENT : RECHARGE
Land use % land area
Roof-tops 60%
Roads 25%
Open spaces 15%
Means Strategy for layout :
1.First target roof tops (Use
Common areas to demo)
2. Target Roads and storm water
drains
58. RECHARGE WELLS – THREE TYPES
Wells in Storm water drains invested
in by RWA
(Collective Investment)
Wells in Storm water drains
invested in by House hold
(Just outside the house -
individual Investment)
Wells inside the House
(individual Investment)
Resulted in reduced flooding leading to greater support
Total of 38 recharge wells in 34 acre layout already completed.
Highest well density in Bangalore !? – starting of project
NOW 150 recharge wells across 300 houses. No private borewells !
60. New Water Tariff Policy – Increasing block tariff based on production
costs (Rs 16 – 17 / KL) understood during Phase I
• Households invested in recharge at Household level get Rs 100/- discount
on bill!
• Monthly Billing, not Bi-monthly any more !
• Rs 10/- per day fine for late payments !
• No supply of water to construction sites!
Consumption slab Tariff
0 – 10 KL Rs 10/-
10 – 20 KL Rs 15/-
20 – 30 KL Rs 25/-
30 – 40 KL Rs 40/-
> 40 KL Rs 60/-
DEMAND MANAGEMENT : REVISED TARIFF REGIME
62. PIONEER SPEAK
“ An Organized Minority is a political Majority – Jesse
Jackson
• Few people with conviction can provide the spark
to mobilize the inactive majority in the community.
• Analytical approach to price resources accurately
and reward conservation and penalize wastage is
critical
• Non-interference from government,
empowerment of the community to manage its
resources is the key ”
-Jayawant Bharadwaj
Management Committee
member and Key driver of RBD’s
Water Reforms
63. IUWM INTERVENTIONS – RESULTS
Immediate Impact observed
No Flooding during 2008 monsoon despite heavier than
normal monsoon.
People keeping track of their bills and consumption:
Far less hosing of cars prevalent than before
Fixing of leaky pipes, valves, tanks
66. Multi sourcing : Increasing urban reality
(Case of Bangalore)
Piped Water : Cauvery River
• Unreliable/erratic ?
• Scarcity
• Infrastructure growth
• Too cheap
• 100km from B’lore
• 500m below B’lore
Ground Water :
Bore/Open well
• Drying up
• Bad quality
Ground Water :
Tanker Water
• Availability ?
• Quality ?
• Cost ?
Bottled Water
•Groundwater ?
•Why ?
• Is it really
necessary or worth
it ?