This document discusses reading skills and effective reading. It emphasizes that reading is an important way to improve English proficiency and gain confidence. It provides tips for becoming an effective reader, such as reading everyday, using a dictionary, and noting new words. The document also discusses qualities of good readers, such as concentration and maintaining proper posture. It notes that reading speed can vary depending on the purpose and difficulty of the text. Sub-skills of reading include comprehending meaning and locating main ideas and details. Bad reading habits like improper posture and unnecessary movements are also addressed.

1. READING SKILLS

2. Importance of reading
 Important way of getting exposed to English,
 Exposure increases communicative competence,
 You become more proficient and
 You gain confidence.
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3. Ways of becoming an effective
reader
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4. Ways of becoming an effective
reader
 Fiend some time for reading everyday.
 Initially, read anything that interests you.
 If you read what you don’t understand, keep
reading to increase stamina.
 Develop reference and note making skills.
 Use good dictionary.
 Note useful words, expressions and sentence
structures.
 Note down your responses and important points
in margin. Contd…
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5. Ways of becoming an effective
reader
 Do some extra/supplementary reading before
going to bed.
 Read one English newspaper daily.
 Read out stories, interesting instances to your
family members and friends.
 Loud reading promotes fluency.
 Reading silently, read fast with
understanding.
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6. Effective reader
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7. Effective reader
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8. Reasons for reading
 Many of us read for entertainment. (seek pleasure)
 As students, you study for tests and examinations.
 To kill time
 Some read for preparing for lectures, presentations,
discussions or for getting some information.
 Everyday (general) reading: reading of newspapers,
telephone directory, railway time-table, road maps,
charts, tables, graphs, menu cards, computer
screens, bills and receipts, roadside hoardings etc.
(Whatever the text we read, we get some information)
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9. Reading- an active skill
 Reading is passive skill but a good reader is
active while reading.
 Reading is interactive (mental activity)
 While reading you interpret and try to make
sense.
 What you understand is comprehension.
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10. Qualities of a good reader
 Good readers love reading and they enjoy it.
[distractions don’t interrupt their reading
(concentration)]
 They maintain appropriate postures.They sit and
hold the text in proper position.They take care of
amount of light and direction.They maintain
proper distance between the text and eyes.
 They do not move their neck, eyes, lips or tongue
unnecessarily.
Contd…
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11. Qualities of a good reader
 They do not point at printed words with a finger
or pencil/pen.
 They do not mouth words while reading silently.
 They do not repeat the line. Nor they go back to
what they have already read.
 They don’t read word by word but in sense
group.
Reading should not be burden; it should not be
something unwanted, painful, something you
would be unwilling to do it.
It should be a happy affair.
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12. Good reader
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13. Speed of reading
 Variation in reading speed
Speed Purpose Good Reader
Slow Study reading, used when material
is difficult and/or where the high
comprehension is required
200-300 words per
minute (wpm)
80-90%
comprehension
Average Everyday reading of magazines,
newspapers etc.
350-500 wpm
70% comprehensions
Fast Skimming, used when highest
speed is required, comprehension is
low
800+ wpm
50% comprehension
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14. Variation in reading speed
 The type of text- serious, explanatory,
argumentative, reflective, scientific,
philosophical, journalistic, literary etc.
 Aim of reading- to kill time, entertainment,
information, main ideas
 Amount of comprehension required- to look for
specific items of information or complete
understanding
 Reading skills- eye fixation, reading vocabulary,
understanding of language being read and
mastery over the sub-skills of reading
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15. Sub-skills of reading
 Understanding lexical items, their conceptual
meanings, parts of sentence, relationship
between sentences and grammatical devices.
 Locating the main idea and supporting details.
 Selecting relevant facts, pieces of information
etc.
 Grasping the general idea in the passage.
 Locating a specific piece of information.
 Interpreting the text by going outside it.
Contd…
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16. Sub-skills of reading
 Reading at different rates for different purposes.
 Skipping (scanning) and skimming intelligently when
necessary.
 Reading with varying degrees of comprehension
from complete absorption of details to noting only
main points.
 Thinking selectively during the process of reading,
relating significant statements, distinguishing
between facts and comments.
 Anticipating events and arguments and actively
responding to them.
 Using the dictionary.
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17. Bad reading habits
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18. Bad reading habits
 Wrong posture: sitting in awkward position, not
holding the book, paper etc. properly,
inadequate distance between the text and eyes.
 Unwanted movement: movement of lips while
reading silently, movement of head (these
movements slow down the speed of reading)
 Putting finger on every word: placing finger,
pencil or pen every word and moving them while
reading
 Sub vocalization: while reading silently some
utter words to themselves, mumble or read
aloud in mind
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19. Result of bad reading habits
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