- The study examined consumer reactions to rising milk prices in Long Bien district, Hanoi, Vietnam. It surveyed 100 consumers and found that age, career, and household income significantly influenced reaction levels, with younger consumers, less stable jobs, and lower incomes correlating with stronger reactions.
- Most consumers saw milk prices as quite or very high and had neutral satisfaction with prices relative to quality. If prices increased further, most would moderately or strongly react by reducing purchases.
- The factors found to most affect consumer reaction levels were age (younger consumers reacted more strongly), household income (lower incomes correlated with stronger reactions), and career (less stable jobs correlated with stronger reactions).
Northbridge capital organised retail pharmacy india 2011rohit_shankar
The document summarizes the organized retail pharmacy industry in India. It finds that the industry is growing rapidly at 25-40% annually due to factors such as the overall growth of the pharmaceutical industry in India, increasing population and disposable incomes, changing disease profiles, and changing consumer attitudes that favor health and wellness. The organized retail pharmacy segment currently makes up only 3% of the overall pharmacy market but is expected to capture a greater share due to these favorable growth drivers and projections that the pharmacy industry will become a $20 billion market by the mid of the decade. Major players in the organized retail pharmacy space are expanding their operations across India through new store openings.
Report retailing foods in Vietnam to 7/2017Duy, Vo Hoang
Vietnam's retail food sector is dominated by traditional wet markets but modern retail is expanding due to economic and demographic changes. Traditional retailers make up 94% of sales while modern accounts for 6% but is expected to reach 20% by 2025. Five key factors driving modern retail growth are economic development, urbanization, concerns over food safety, demographics like a young population, and trade agreements. The report provides an overview of Vietnam's retail food landscape and recommendations for US exporters to enter the market.
Masan Holding phân tích và chia sẻ về thị trường đầu tư Việt Nam 2014Duy, Vo Hoang
This document provides an analysis of the Vietnamese retail market conducted by Phuong Nguyen for her thesis at Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences. The analysis focuses on the retail strategies of Vinmart, the supermarket chain owned by Vietnamese conglomerate Vingroup. The document provides an overview of Vietnam's growing retail market, describes Vingroup's expansion into the retail sector, and analyzes Vinmart's competitive strategies and opportunities in competing with other domestic and international retailers in Vietnam.
The pharmacy retail market is valued at INR 216 bn in 2009 and estimated to reach INR 432 bn in 2011. The market is fragmented and dominated by the unorganized sector.
The report provides a snapshot of the pharmacy retail market. Market overview gives a quick picture of the market with estimated market size, growth rate and revenue split between the organized and unorganized sector. An analysis of drivers reveals that growth in pharmaceuticals sector, increase in healthcare spending, changing disease profile, consumer attitudes, attractive margins and growth in OTC segment is driving growth in this sector. The key challenges identified include fragmented nature of Industry, lengthy supply chain, counterfeit drugs and FDI Regulations.
The report identifies the current market trends including loyalty schemes, value added services, tie-ups with retail firms, rural expansion, entry of Government in pharmacy retailing, entry of private labels, organized retailers starting pharmacy chains. The competitive landscape profiles the major players in this sector including the business description, number of stores and expansion plans for each player. The report also provides details of the key developments in this sector.
A Comparison of customer satisfaction between hyper stores and convenience St...deshwal852
This study compares customer satisfaction levels between hyper stores and convenience stores in India. A survey was administered to 100 customers who shop at these stores. Results found that customers reported higher satisfaction levels at hyper stores, which offer a wide range of products under one roof, compared to convenience stores, which are smaller and offer limited products. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in satisfaction levels between the two store types, with hyper stores performing better. The study concludes that customers are generally more satisfied with the service quality provided at hyper stores in India.
Masters thesis defense on milk market chainDereje Admassu
This document outlines the methodology for a master's thesis on the market chain analysis of milk production in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia. The study aims to:
1) Identify the key milk marketing channels and margins in Debre Berhan Town.
2) Analyze factors affecting smallholder dairy farmers' decisions to participate in milk markets and their level of participation.
3) Assess the prospects and major constraints of milk production and marketing.
The methodology includes selecting a sample of 307 dairy farmers and 22 milk market intermediaries through simple random sampling. Data will be collected through household surveys, observations, and document analysis. Econometric models like probit and tobit will be used to
Masters thesis defense on milk market chainDereje Admassu
This document outlines the methodology for a market chain analysis of milk production in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia. It includes:
1) An introduction providing background on global and African milk production trends and the study area.
2) Objectives to identify key milk marketing channels and margins, analyze factors affecting smallholder participation and supply, and assess production and marketing prospects and constraints.
3) A methodology section describing the cross-sectional study design, data collection from primary and secondary sources, sample selection of over 300 smallholder farmers and 22 traders, and data analysis plans including descriptive statistics, econometric models, and analysis of market structure, conduct and performance.
4) An outline of the document sections
Pharma Market OTC & Nutrition Situation MAT 2013 Q2Danny D. Kosasih
Indonesia's pharmaceutical market grew 12% in 2013Q2 to IDR 4,755 OKU YEN, driven by 15% growth in the large over-the-counter (OTC) sector. The lifestyle category, including multivitamins and tonics, accounted for 19% of OTC and nutrition sales. Vitamin products, mainly from local manufacturers, were the top subcategory and heavily advertised products promising benefits like increased stamina and immunity. The growing OTC market is expected to continue expanding due to economic growth and more retail outlets selling these products.
Northbridge capital organised retail pharmacy india 2011rohit_shankar
The document summarizes the organized retail pharmacy industry in India. It finds that the industry is growing rapidly at 25-40% annually due to factors such as the overall growth of the pharmaceutical industry in India, increasing population and disposable incomes, changing disease profiles, and changing consumer attitudes that favor health and wellness. The organized retail pharmacy segment currently makes up only 3% of the overall pharmacy market but is expected to capture a greater share due to these favorable growth drivers and projections that the pharmacy industry will become a $20 billion market by the mid of the decade. Major players in the organized retail pharmacy space are expanding their operations across India through new store openings.
Report retailing foods in Vietnam to 7/2017Duy, Vo Hoang
Vietnam's retail food sector is dominated by traditional wet markets but modern retail is expanding due to economic and demographic changes. Traditional retailers make up 94% of sales while modern accounts for 6% but is expected to reach 20% by 2025. Five key factors driving modern retail growth are economic development, urbanization, concerns over food safety, demographics like a young population, and trade agreements. The report provides an overview of Vietnam's retail food landscape and recommendations for US exporters to enter the market.
Masan Holding phân tích và chia sẻ về thị trường đầu tư Việt Nam 2014Duy, Vo Hoang
This document provides an analysis of the Vietnamese retail market conducted by Phuong Nguyen for her thesis at Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences. The analysis focuses on the retail strategies of Vinmart, the supermarket chain owned by Vietnamese conglomerate Vingroup. The document provides an overview of Vietnam's growing retail market, describes Vingroup's expansion into the retail sector, and analyzes Vinmart's competitive strategies and opportunities in competing with other domestic and international retailers in Vietnam.
The pharmacy retail market is valued at INR 216 bn in 2009 and estimated to reach INR 432 bn in 2011. The market is fragmented and dominated by the unorganized sector.
The report provides a snapshot of the pharmacy retail market. Market overview gives a quick picture of the market with estimated market size, growth rate and revenue split between the organized and unorganized sector. An analysis of drivers reveals that growth in pharmaceuticals sector, increase in healthcare spending, changing disease profile, consumer attitudes, attractive margins and growth in OTC segment is driving growth in this sector. The key challenges identified include fragmented nature of Industry, lengthy supply chain, counterfeit drugs and FDI Regulations.
The report identifies the current market trends including loyalty schemes, value added services, tie-ups with retail firms, rural expansion, entry of Government in pharmacy retailing, entry of private labels, organized retailers starting pharmacy chains. The competitive landscape profiles the major players in this sector including the business description, number of stores and expansion plans for each player. The report also provides details of the key developments in this sector.
A Comparison of customer satisfaction between hyper stores and convenience St...deshwal852
This study compares customer satisfaction levels between hyper stores and convenience stores in India. A survey was administered to 100 customers who shop at these stores. Results found that customers reported higher satisfaction levels at hyper stores, which offer a wide range of products under one roof, compared to convenience stores, which are smaller and offer limited products. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in satisfaction levels between the two store types, with hyper stores performing better. The study concludes that customers are generally more satisfied with the service quality provided at hyper stores in India.
Masters thesis defense on milk market chainDereje Admassu
This document outlines the methodology for a master's thesis on the market chain analysis of milk production in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia. The study aims to:
1) Identify the key milk marketing channels and margins in Debre Berhan Town.
2) Analyze factors affecting smallholder dairy farmers' decisions to participate in milk markets and their level of participation.
3) Assess the prospects and major constraints of milk production and marketing.
The methodology includes selecting a sample of 307 dairy farmers and 22 milk market intermediaries through simple random sampling. Data will be collected through household surveys, observations, and document analysis. Econometric models like probit and tobit will be used to
Masters thesis defense on milk market chainDereje Admassu
This document outlines the methodology for a market chain analysis of milk production in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia. It includes:
1) An introduction providing background on global and African milk production trends and the study area.
2) Objectives to identify key milk marketing channels and margins, analyze factors affecting smallholder participation and supply, and assess production and marketing prospects and constraints.
3) A methodology section describing the cross-sectional study design, data collection from primary and secondary sources, sample selection of over 300 smallholder farmers and 22 traders, and data analysis plans including descriptive statistics, econometric models, and analysis of market structure, conduct and performance.
4) An outline of the document sections
Pharma Market OTC & Nutrition Situation MAT 2013 Q2Danny D. Kosasih
Indonesia's pharmaceutical market grew 12% in 2013Q2 to IDR 4,755 OKU YEN, driven by 15% growth in the large over-the-counter (OTC) sector. The lifestyle category, including multivitamins and tonics, accounted for 19% of OTC and nutrition sales. Vitamin products, mainly from local manufacturers, were the top subcategory and heavily advertised products promising benefits like increased stamina and immunity. The growing OTC market is expected to continue expanding due to economic growth and more retail outlets selling these products.
FREE PREVIEW OF VIETNAM DAIRY MARKET 2018
ACCESS VIA: https://bit.ly/2DUt74i
Download free preview of Vietnam Dairy Market 2018 to have overview of market performance, insight and upcoming trends as well as key players within the market.
Impact of income on purchase decision from organized and unorganized retail i...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper published in the International Journal of Management (IJM) that examines the impact of income on consumer purchase decisions between organized and unorganized retail stores in India. The paper analyzes survey responses from 412 consumers in 5 cities in India. Two hypotheses are tested: 1) there is an association between income and frequency of store visits, and 2) there is an association between income and amount of money spent. The results found an association between income and visit frequency for both organized and unorganized retailers. It also found an association between income and amount spent for organized retailers but no association for unorganized retailers. The document provides background on retail growth in India and reviews previous literature on the relationship between income, price
Understanding customer choice for selecting an apparel storedeshwal852
Apparel industry is the second largest retail category (after food and groceries), in India. It is one of the shining segments of our economy. This sector is the largest source of industrial employment in India. On the basis of random convenient sampling, the survey was conducted in the month of August 2015. A sample of 200 respondents was considered and study was conducted amongst the adults in Delhi and NCR. The sample was administered in person. A self-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The results clearly indicate that exchange policy, location, variety and reputation plays important role for selecting a store.
A Study of Consumer Behavior towards Grocery Retailing in Delhi Region of Na...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This study examines how inventory shortages or stockouts affect customer purchase behavior and a retailer's profitability using data from an online grocer. The three main objectives are:
1) To empirically investigate the short-term and long-term impact of stockouts on customer purchase behavior.
2) To study how customer responses to stockouts differ across customer segments.
3) To analyze how the impact of stockouts varies across product categories.
The findings suggest stockouts have a complex, nonlinear effect on customer relationships and retailer profitability. Small decreases in stockout rates can achieve much of the potential benefit of eliminating stockouts entirely. Prioritizing inventory to reduce stockouts for key customer segments and product categories can
The pharmaceutical industry will be characterised by heightened uncertainty in 2017, mainly due to inevitable changes to the politicised US health system.
Pricing is expected to remain the key issue, and providers of goods and services, especially those with questionable cost-benefit profiles, can expect further scrutiny. Emerging pharmaceutical markets are also in a cycle of under-performance compared with developed markets.
Despite all the challenges facing the healthcare sector, we nevertheless maintain a positive outlook. Investors will continue to be attracted to the robust fundamentals that support innovation and the consequential generation of high margins.
This document summarizes a study on competitive conditions in the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) retail sector in Turkey. It finds that the Turkish FMCG retail market is undergoing a transformation as modern retail formats like supermarkets and chain stores are rapidly gaining market share from traditional grocery stores. The study analyzes market structure, conduct of retailers and suppliers, and competitive dynamics in the sector using various data sources. It finds concentration is high in some supplier industries, which could give them market power over retailers, especially smaller ones. Concentration in the retail sector itself is currently lower than in some European countries but is expected to increase with further consolidation of large retailers.
Dena Yazzie has decided to go ahead with the main idea of Tahki’s proposal but with one change. The company will not abandon its brand. So they will try to get a more expensive product based on added value but they will build this effort on the existing clientele. The board was satisfied to a large extent with the solution. They felt that they had built this brand and people knew it so it was an asset that should be utilized.
Your team is hired by the board of Wiikano Orchards and asked to develop a Marketing Plan that implements Tahki Yazzie’s proposal with the given that the existing brand will be kept.
Questions list.
1. Summarize the proposal that Tahki Yazzie submitted to the board.
2. Do a SWOT analysis relating to her proposal.
3. Propose another solution that relies on the reduction of costs and not rebranding the product.
4. Identify the areas that costs can be reduced effectively and calculate the impact it will have on profitability.
A Study on Improving The Market Share of Milma Milk - With Special Reference ...inventionjournals
This document summarizes a study on improving the market share of Milma milk in Kerala, India with a focus on customer and dealer satisfaction. The study aims to analyze customer loyalty and awareness, dealer satisfaction levels, and factors affecting Milma's market share. Data was collected through questionnaires with customers and dealers. Key findings include that leakage is a major issue for dealers receiving Milma milk supplies. Most dealers prefer brands with higher demand from customers. The study aims to provide recommendations to increase both customer and dealer satisfaction in order to improve Milma's market position.
Conceptual paper on Study of FMCG & Pharmaceutical Market: Identifying the Di...inventionjournals
With the growing pace of Pharmaceutical market FMCG players are interested to extend their portfolio to tap the market share. Although strict regulatory norms and medico knowledge is the hindrance in their path. On the other hand strong supply chain network of FMCG Industry makes the things easy for them and on which pharmaceutical players are having keen eye. Under this environment both Industrialist and academicians are interested to explore the crossroads where both FMCG and Pharmaceutical Market intercepts. This manuscript is intended to explore that area and study the possible similarities and differences in both the markets so that effective business models could be developed.Work is primarily based on secondary data collected through various reports, journals, e-papers and online repositories. For the sake of avoiding any obsolete data articles has been considered since 2006-2016 only (last 10 years). Comparative analysis has been made on the selected postulates after critical thinking. Appropriate conclusion has been drawn which has relevant implications for FMCG & Pharma players, Policy makers, Management students, Researchers in the concerned areas and the related Entrepreneurs
The document discusses the pharmaceutical industry outlook in Southeast Asia. It provides overviews of the markets in Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Some key points discussed include:
- The region has seen rapid growth in the pharmaceutical sector driven by economic growth and demographic changes. Competition remains fierce with both local and global players.
- All of the countries discussed have seen rises in non-communicable diseases like cancer and diabetes, driving pharmaceutical market growth. However, price controls and focus on cost-efficiency limit market potential.
- Most of the countries have trade deficits as they rely heavily on imports for active pharmaceutical ingredients and finished drugs. Local industries focus on generics while multinationals provide innovative medicines.
IPHA Healthcare Facts and Figures provides detailed facts and figures about healthcare in Ireland and the pharmaceutical and healthcare industry both nationally and globally across the following areas: Healthcare Today, Self-Care Today, Demographic Trends, Healthcare Tomorrow, The Medicines Industry, Medicines in the Community and Medicines and Global Health
South East Asia Pharmaceutical Markets Jamie Davies October 2014jamiedavies12345
The document discusses trends in the pharmaceutical market in Southeast Asia. It forecasts strong growth in the region but identifies risks like protectionism, intellectual property issues, and pricing and reimbursement challenges. The economy is expected to outperform globally and universal healthcare is becoming more politically important. Companies need region-specific strategies given the diversity across Southeast Asian markets that are undergoing economic and regulatory integration.
A Study of Regulation in Pharmacy Market in Cambodia ( Apply OECD Checklist)Sievleang Ly
- Regulations in Cambodia govern the pharmacy market, restricting ownership, location, and advertising. Qualification requirements aim to ensure trust but limit suppliers. Location rules establish local monopolies and barriers to entry that reduce competition.
- Removing some restrictions could increase supply and competition but may compromise quality. Adding price controls for extra pharmacies could encourage rural access while preventing monopoly abuse. Controlled advertising may benefit consumers through information while maintaining ethics. A balanced approach is needed.
Cost Accounting Practices in Bangladesh A Study of the Pharmaceutical Sectorijtsrd
This study purports to present an investigation of the current cost accounting practices in the selected pharmaceutical companies of Bangladesh. Through a combination of illustrative and cumulative case study of five randomly selected pharmaceutical companies, this study finds that the sampled companies, in general, have a high ratio of product costs to period costs, a higher degree of operating leverage, a number of discretionary costs, absence of activity based management, reliance on budgets for planning and controlling costs and primarily apply process costing method for product costing, absorption costing for internal reporting and tend to avoid complex methods in favor of simply understandable methods even at the cost of accuracy. This study recommends the introduction of the concepts of activity based management, total quality management, life cycle costing, six sigma principles and balanced scorecard to reflect the recent developments in the cost accounting of the pharmaceutical companies to ensure better control, greater effectiveness and a more informed management. The major limitations of this study involve the lack of previous research concerning the same topic in Bangladesh, the unavailability of cost accounting information and inadvertence of management to share internal data on grounds of confidentiality. An important finding is that managers, in general, are less informed about the overall organizational practices of cost accounting and tend to concentrate on own areas. This study is expected to add value to the cost accounting stakeholders of the country along with academicians, corporations, management, students and the public in general through refining their views about the cost accounting practices in Bangladesh. Ibrahim Khan | Nahida Parvin | Nudrat Sayeeda "Cost Accounting Practices in Bangladesh: A Study of the Pharmaceutical Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26615.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/26615/cost-accounting-practices-in-bangladesh-a-study-of-the-pharmaceutical-sector/ibrahim-khan
The document summarizes pharmaceutical market trends in Indonesia from 2009-2013 and provides forecasts through 2017. Key points include:
- The total Indonesian pharma market grew from 3,005 OKU YEN in 2009 to 4,710 OKU YEN in 2013, a CAGR of 12%. OTC drugs accounted for 43% of the market in 2013.
- Therapeutic areas like alimentary tract/metabolism and systemic anti-infectives showed the highest growth rates between 2009-2013. The top 20 corporations in 2013 were led by local players like Kalbe Group and Sanbe as well as MNCs such as Novartis and GlaxoSmithKline.
-
This document summarizes Thailand's performance in the latest Global Competitiveness Index published by the World Economic Forum. The key points are:
- Thailand improved in the rankings, moving up two spots to 38th place out of 140 economies assessed. This places it third among ASEAN countries.
- Thailand scored 67.5 out of 100, higher than its 2017 score and the world average. It performed best in the pillars of Financial System, Market Size, and Business Dynamism, ranking in the top 25 for each.
- While the assessment methodology was updated, focusing on 12 pillars of productivity and the impact of Industry 4.0, the US topped the rankings followed by Singapore and Germany.
A Study on Buying Pattern of People towards Retail Industryiosrjce
Retail is the sale of goods and services from individuals or businesses to the end-user. Retailers are
part of an integrated system called the supply chain. A retailer purchases goods or products in large quantities
from manufacturers directly or through a wholesale, and then sells smaller quantities to the consumer for a
profit. Retailing can be done in either fixed locations like stores or markets, door-to-door or by delivery.
Testing and Evaluation of Particle Motion in a Multi-Pass VibroFluidized Bed ...theijes
Multi-pass vibro-fluidized bed dryer is a novel energy saving design concept which involved a drying chamber with three sloping decks fixed vertically in a zigzag path as a single unit and sloped in opposite directions to facilitate uniform particle motion. Each deck measured 3.6 m x 0.78 m and consisted of perforated sheets having 13 holes per square centimeter where each perforation diameter was 1.5 mm. The three decks unit was horizontally vibrated at 3 mm amplitude using an eccentric shaft driven by a 5 kW electric motor. A centrifugal fan (5 kW) with the capacity of 2.83 m3 /s was used for supplying air for fluidization. The scope of this study was limited to optimize the vibration frequency and slope of the deck to obtain the expected particle moving speed of 6 mm/s at different moisture contents (MC). Orthodox rolled tea dhools at three levels of moisture (10%, 30% and 55%) were used for testing at different vibration frequencies and slope of the deck at the fixed amplitude and air flow rate. Results revealed that the optimum bed slopes were determined as 3%, 4% and 5% for 10%, 30% and 55% MC (wet basis), respectively, at 38Hz (504 rpm).
Illuminance Performance of Design Block Windows in Public Basic Schools in Ta...theijes
Illuminance is an important measure of the quantity of light falling on a surface especially in learning spaces. Design block windows are fast becoming a common window choice for schools as it is cheaper to maintain and provides more security. Scanty or no information exists on classroom illuminance for this window type especially for public basic schools.This research examined the illuminance in classrooms with design block windows per existing standards of classroom illuminance. Classrooms were measured and mapped into a variety of environmental variables and illuminance measurements taken using lux metres(LX 1330B) with only daylight at 0.72m from floor level with four parameters. Fourty percent of the classrooms studied had at any test time/condition, the recommended amount of lighting of 300-500 lux whiles 60 percent were either below or above this range. The study concluded that, more attention has to be given to the development and enhancement of passive daylighting through alternative ventilation systems like design block windows which can stay open in all conditions and under any weather.
FREE PREVIEW OF VIETNAM DAIRY MARKET 2018
ACCESS VIA: https://bit.ly/2DUt74i
Download free preview of Vietnam Dairy Market 2018 to have overview of market performance, insight and upcoming trends as well as key players within the market.
Impact of income on purchase decision from organized and unorganized retail i...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper published in the International Journal of Management (IJM) that examines the impact of income on consumer purchase decisions between organized and unorganized retail stores in India. The paper analyzes survey responses from 412 consumers in 5 cities in India. Two hypotheses are tested: 1) there is an association between income and frequency of store visits, and 2) there is an association between income and amount of money spent. The results found an association between income and visit frequency for both organized and unorganized retailers. It also found an association between income and amount spent for organized retailers but no association for unorganized retailers. The document provides background on retail growth in India and reviews previous literature on the relationship between income, price
Understanding customer choice for selecting an apparel storedeshwal852
Apparel industry is the second largest retail category (after food and groceries), in India. It is one of the shining segments of our economy. This sector is the largest source of industrial employment in India. On the basis of random convenient sampling, the survey was conducted in the month of August 2015. A sample of 200 respondents was considered and study was conducted amongst the adults in Delhi and NCR. The sample was administered in person. A self-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The results clearly indicate that exchange policy, location, variety and reputation plays important role for selecting a store.
A Study of Consumer Behavior towards Grocery Retailing in Delhi Region of Na...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This study examines how inventory shortages or stockouts affect customer purchase behavior and a retailer's profitability using data from an online grocer. The three main objectives are:
1) To empirically investigate the short-term and long-term impact of stockouts on customer purchase behavior.
2) To study how customer responses to stockouts differ across customer segments.
3) To analyze how the impact of stockouts varies across product categories.
The findings suggest stockouts have a complex, nonlinear effect on customer relationships and retailer profitability. Small decreases in stockout rates can achieve much of the potential benefit of eliminating stockouts entirely. Prioritizing inventory to reduce stockouts for key customer segments and product categories can
The pharmaceutical industry will be characterised by heightened uncertainty in 2017, mainly due to inevitable changes to the politicised US health system.
Pricing is expected to remain the key issue, and providers of goods and services, especially those with questionable cost-benefit profiles, can expect further scrutiny. Emerging pharmaceutical markets are also in a cycle of under-performance compared with developed markets.
Despite all the challenges facing the healthcare sector, we nevertheless maintain a positive outlook. Investors will continue to be attracted to the robust fundamentals that support innovation and the consequential generation of high margins.
This document summarizes a study on competitive conditions in the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) retail sector in Turkey. It finds that the Turkish FMCG retail market is undergoing a transformation as modern retail formats like supermarkets and chain stores are rapidly gaining market share from traditional grocery stores. The study analyzes market structure, conduct of retailers and suppliers, and competitive dynamics in the sector using various data sources. It finds concentration is high in some supplier industries, which could give them market power over retailers, especially smaller ones. Concentration in the retail sector itself is currently lower than in some European countries but is expected to increase with further consolidation of large retailers.
Dena Yazzie has decided to go ahead with the main idea of Tahki’s proposal but with one change. The company will not abandon its brand. So they will try to get a more expensive product based on added value but they will build this effort on the existing clientele. The board was satisfied to a large extent with the solution. They felt that they had built this brand and people knew it so it was an asset that should be utilized.
Your team is hired by the board of Wiikano Orchards and asked to develop a Marketing Plan that implements Tahki Yazzie’s proposal with the given that the existing brand will be kept.
Questions list.
1. Summarize the proposal that Tahki Yazzie submitted to the board.
2. Do a SWOT analysis relating to her proposal.
3. Propose another solution that relies on the reduction of costs and not rebranding the product.
4. Identify the areas that costs can be reduced effectively and calculate the impact it will have on profitability.
A Study on Improving The Market Share of Milma Milk - With Special Reference ...inventionjournals
This document summarizes a study on improving the market share of Milma milk in Kerala, India with a focus on customer and dealer satisfaction. The study aims to analyze customer loyalty and awareness, dealer satisfaction levels, and factors affecting Milma's market share. Data was collected through questionnaires with customers and dealers. Key findings include that leakage is a major issue for dealers receiving Milma milk supplies. Most dealers prefer brands with higher demand from customers. The study aims to provide recommendations to increase both customer and dealer satisfaction in order to improve Milma's market position.
Conceptual paper on Study of FMCG & Pharmaceutical Market: Identifying the Di...inventionjournals
With the growing pace of Pharmaceutical market FMCG players are interested to extend their portfolio to tap the market share. Although strict regulatory norms and medico knowledge is the hindrance in their path. On the other hand strong supply chain network of FMCG Industry makes the things easy for them and on which pharmaceutical players are having keen eye. Under this environment both Industrialist and academicians are interested to explore the crossroads where both FMCG and Pharmaceutical Market intercepts. This manuscript is intended to explore that area and study the possible similarities and differences in both the markets so that effective business models could be developed.Work is primarily based on secondary data collected through various reports, journals, e-papers and online repositories. For the sake of avoiding any obsolete data articles has been considered since 2006-2016 only (last 10 years). Comparative analysis has been made on the selected postulates after critical thinking. Appropriate conclusion has been drawn which has relevant implications for FMCG & Pharma players, Policy makers, Management students, Researchers in the concerned areas and the related Entrepreneurs
The document discusses the pharmaceutical industry outlook in Southeast Asia. It provides overviews of the markets in Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Some key points discussed include:
- The region has seen rapid growth in the pharmaceutical sector driven by economic growth and demographic changes. Competition remains fierce with both local and global players.
- All of the countries discussed have seen rises in non-communicable diseases like cancer and diabetes, driving pharmaceutical market growth. However, price controls and focus on cost-efficiency limit market potential.
- Most of the countries have trade deficits as they rely heavily on imports for active pharmaceutical ingredients and finished drugs. Local industries focus on generics while multinationals provide innovative medicines.
IPHA Healthcare Facts and Figures provides detailed facts and figures about healthcare in Ireland and the pharmaceutical and healthcare industry both nationally and globally across the following areas: Healthcare Today, Self-Care Today, Demographic Trends, Healthcare Tomorrow, The Medicines Industry, Medicines in the Community and Medicines and Global Health
South East Asia Pharmaceutical Markets Jamie Davies October 2014jamiedavies12345
The document discusses trends in the pharmaceutical market in Southeast Asia. It forecasts strong growth in the region but identifies risks like protectionism, intellectual property issues, and pricing and reimbursement challenges. The economy is expected to outperform globally and universal healthcare is becoming more politically important. Companies need region-specific strategies given the diversity across Southeast Asian markets that are undergoing economic and regulatory integration.
A Study of Regulation in Pharmacy Market in Cambodia ( Apply OECD Checklist)Sievleang Ly
- Regulations in Cambodia govern the pharmacy market, restricting ownership, location, and advertising. Qualification requirements aim to ensure trust but limit suppliers. Location rules establish local monopolies and barriers to entry that reduce competition.
- Removing some restrictions could increase supply and competition but may compromise quality. Adding price controls for extra pharmacies could encourage rural access while preventing monopoly abuse. Controlled advertising may benefit consumers through information while maintaining ethics. A balanced approach is needed.
Cost Accounting Practices in Bangladesh A Study of the Pharmaceutical Sectorijtsrd
This study purports to present an investigation of the current cost accounting practices in the selected pharmaceutical companies of Bangladesh. Through a combination of illustrative and cumulative case study of five randomly selected pharmaceutical companies, this study finds that the sampled companies, in general, have a high ratio of product costs to period costs, a higher degree of operating leverage, a number of discretionary costs, absence of activity based management, reliance on budgets for planning and controlling costs and primarily apply process costing method for product costing, absorption costing for internal reporting and tend to avoid complex methods in favor of simply understandable methods even at the cost of accuracy. This study recommends the introduction of the concepts of activity based management, total quality management, life cycle costing, six sigma principles and balanced scorecard to reflect the recent developments in the cost accounting of the pharmaceutical companies to ensure better control, greater effectiveness and a more informed management. The major limitations of this study involve the lack of previous research concerning the same topic in Bangladesh, the unavailability of cost accounting information and inadvertence of management to share internal data on grounds of confidentiality. An important finding is that managers, in general, are less informed about the overall organizational practices of cost accounting and tend to concentrate on own areas. This study is expected to add value to the cost accounting stakeholders of the country along with academicians, corporations, management, students and the public in general through refining their views about the cost accounting practices in Bangladesh. Ibrahim Khan | Nahida Parvin | Nudrat Sayeeda "Cost Accounting Practices in Bangladesh: A Study of the Pharmaceutical Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26615.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/26615/cost-accounting-practices-in-bangladesh-a-study-of-the-pharmaceutical-sector/ibrahim-khan
The document summarizes pharmaceutical market trends in Indonesia from 2009-2013 and provides forecasts through 2017. Key points include:
- The total Indonesian pharma market grew from 3,005 OKU YEN in 2009 to 4,710 OKU YEN in 2013, a CAGR of 12%. OTC drugs accounted for 43% of the market in 2013.
- Therapeutic areas like alimentary tract/metabolism and systemic anti-infectives showed the highest growth rates between 2009-2013. The top 20 corporations in 2013 were led by local players like Kalbe Group and Sanbe as well as MNCs such as Novartis and GlaxoSmithKline.
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This document summarizes Thailand's performance in the latest Global Competitiveness Index published by the World Economic Forum. The key points are:
- Thailand improved in the rankings, moving up two spots to 38th place out of 140 economies assessed. This places it third among ASEAN countries.
- Thailand scored 67.5 out of 100, higher than its 2017 score and the world average. It performed best in the pillars of Financial System, Market Size, and Business Dynamism, ranking in the top 25 for each.
- While the assessment methodology was updated, focusing on 12 pillars of productivity and the impact of Industry 4.0, the US topped the rankings followed by Singapore and Germany.
A Study on Buying Pattern of People towards Retail Industryiosrjce
Retail is the sale of goods and services from individuals or businesses to the end-user. Retailers are
part of an integrated system called the supply chain. A retailer purchases goods or products in large quantities
from manufacturers directly or through a wholesale, and then sells smaller quantities to the consumer for a
profit. Retailing can be done in either fixed locations like stores or markets, door-to-door or by delivery.
Testing and Evaluation of Particle Motion in a Multi-Pass VibroFluidized Bed ...theijes
Multi-pass vibro-fluidized bed dryer is a novel energy saving design concept which involved a drying chamber with three sloping decks fixed vertically in a zigzag path as a single unit and sloped in opposite directions to facilitate uniform particle motion. Each deck measured 3.6 m x 0.78 m and consisted of perforated sheets having 13 holes per square centimeter where each perforation diameter was 1.5 mm. The three decks unit was horizontally vibrated at 3 mm amplitude using an eccentric shaft driven by a 5 kW electric motor. A centrifugal fan (5 kW) with the capacity of 2.83 m3 /s was used for supplying air for fluidization. The scope of this study was limited to optimize the vibration frequency and slope of the deck to obtain the expected particle moving speed of 6 mm/s at different moisture contents (MC). Orthodox rolled tea dhools at three levels of moisture (10%, 30% and 55%) were used for testing at different vibration frequencies and slope of the deck at the fixed amplitude and air flow rate. Results revealed that the optimum bed slopes were determined as 3%, 4% and 5% for 10%, 30% and 55% MC (wet basis), respectively, at 38Hz (504 rpm).
Illuminance Performance of Design Block Windows in Public Basic Schools in Ta...theijes
Illuminance is an important measure of the quantity of light falling on a surface especially in learning spaces. Design block windows are fast becoming a common window choice for schools as it is cheaper to maintain and provides more security. Scanty or no information exists on classroom illuminance for this window type especially for public basic schools.This research examined the illuminance in classrooms with design block windows per existing standards of classroom illuminance. Classrooms were measured and mapped into a variety of environmental variables and illuminance measurements taken using lux metres(LX 1330B) with only daylight at 0.72m from floor level with four parameters. Fourty percent of the classrooms studied had at any test time/condition, the recommended amount of lighting of 300-500 lux whiles 60 percent were either below or above this range. The study concluded that, more attention has to be given to the development and enhancement of passive daylighting through alternative ventilation systems like design block windows which can stay open in all conditions and under any weather.
Boost Converter with Improved Voltage Conversion Ratio Using Bootstrap Capaci...theijes
In this paper, a high voltage boosting converter based on bootstrap capacitor and boost inductor is designed for improving the voltage conversion ratio. This is based on the fact that the number of inductors and capacitors are increased, and these inductors and capacitors are connected in series during the demagnetizing period, thereby pumping the energy created by the input voltage and the energy stored in the inductors into the output terminal. By changing the connection position of the anode of the diode and by using different pulse-widthmodulation control strategies, different voltage conversion ratios can be obtained. The boost converter is controlled by PID controller. This makes a very high voltage conversion ratio than existing methods. Simulation study has been carried out in MATLAB/Simulink.
Analysis Of Physic-Chemical Characteristics Of Polluted Water Samples And Eva...theijes
Water Quality Index values were also computed to evaluate the pollution load of waste water. Almost all the water quality parameters of the dyeing effluents have been found to be very high and well above the permissible limit as suggested by Bureau of Indian Standards1 . Effluent of dyeing samples were collected from common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) at Tiruchirapalli and analysed monthly for a period of 12 months in order to understand various physic-chemical characteristics of the water samples Ratios like Kellys2 , Magnesium, Sodium Absorption and percent sodium are well above the prescribed limits for irrigation and public use. Correlation studies have been carried out by using least squares method. The values of correlation co-efficients (range of r = -0.683 to 0.999).have been computed for correlations between all possible pair of physic-chemical water quality parameters of dyeing units effluents. Statistically significant correlations are noted between the pairs of water quality parameters as EC and TDS (r= 0.980), WQI and Na (r= 0.998), TH and Mg (=0.974), EC and Na (r= 0.870). Linear relationships have been developed for these correlations. Such correlation equations are found to be highly useful in predicting the water quality parameters
Numerical Solution of Third Order Time-Invariant Linear Differential Equation...theijes
In this paper, we state the Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM) for third order time-invariant linear homogeneous differential equations. And we applied it to find solutions to the same class of equations. Three test problems were used as concrete examples to validate the reliability of the method, and the result shows remarkable solutions as those that are obtained by any knows analytical method(s).
Predicting Software Defects Using Bayesian Network Approachtheijes
Software defects are very predominant especially in large software these days because programmers do not take the pain to properly debug and test their software before releasing them to customers and users. When these software are put into use, the defects manifest themselves especially if they are dormant or inactive at the time the software is being developed. As a result, they do cause errors and eventually failure if not quickly handled thereby causing serious damages in terms of human and material loss. This paper proposed the Bayesian network model for predicting software defects. In the model, certain software inputs are tested to determine the number of defects in them. Therefore, our program which is developed in Java programming language is able to count the number of inputs and outputs using certain parameters and expressions. This is possible when we input query into the network. The program is able to determine that a query has been supplied, the query type, the various events that takes place at each stage of the query determination, the choices made and the probability of defects being found or not being found in the software.
Improved Sugar Yield for Bioethanol Production by Modelling Enzymatic Hydroly...theijes
Alternative lignocellulosic substrates to produce high value-added products such as biofuel have been attractive. A Box-Behnken design was used to evaluate the effects of three parameters namely L/S ratio (50_ 100 mL/g), cellulase concentration (10_ 60 U/g) and incubation time (4_ 44h), on the enzymatic hydrolysis yield of physically pretreated Peganum harmala leaves. The fitted mathematical model allowed us to plot response surfaces as well as isoresponse curves and to determine optimal saccharification conditions. Statistical results indicated that the hydrolysis time and the enzyme concentration were the main factors influencing the release of reducing sugars. The selected optimal saccharification conditions were: L/S ratio of 75.0 mL/g, enzyme concentration of 35.0 U/g, and reaction time of 44.0h. These conditions allowed 39.6% of enzymatic hydrolysis yield versus 37.8±2.9%, respectively for the predicted values. The saccharification efficiency using enzyme treated biomass under optimized conditions was about 20-fold higher than before optimization. Fermentation of optimized cellulosic hydrolysate containing 12.6% glucose was performed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 4.75% ethanol production within 48h. These results showed a promising future of applying Peganum harmala leaves as potential lignocellulosic biomass for second generation bioethanol production.
The Analysis of Men’s Emotional State from Heart Rate Using Daq & Labviewtheijes
This document summarizes a research study that analyzed men's emotional states from heart rate data collected using data acquisition hardware and LabVIEW software. The study recorded pulse wave and facial video signals to analyze emotional states. Pulse wave data was collected using a pulse sensor and USB-6008 device in LabVIEW. Facial video was captured using a webcam. The system was designed to synchronously record and analyze different signal types. Analysis of heart rate variability and facial expressions aimed to determine emotional states like stress levels. Future work could enhance analysis using facial expressions and audio.
Fish Larval Nutrition: A Review on New Developmentstheijes
Despite considerable progress in recent years, many questions regarding fishlarval nutrition remain largely unanswered, and several research avenues remain open. A holistic understanding of the supply line of nutrients is important for developing diets for use in larval culture and for the adaptation of rearing conditions that meet the larval requirements for the optimal presentation of food organisms and ⁄ or microdiets. Marine fish larvae fed microdiets have not, at this stage, matched the growth and survival performances demonstrated by larvae fed live feeds such as rotifers and Artemia. This chapter discusses the issues related to the use of microdiets as a sole or partial feed for marine fish larvae. The techniques and methods of manufacturing microdiet particles, chemical and physical properties and the relationship to the ingestion and digestion are described. The aim of the present review is to revise the state of the art and to pinpoint the gaps in knowledge regarding larval nutritional requirements, the nutritional value of live feeds and challenges and opportunities in the development of formulated larval diets.
The Concept of Control and Manage Plastic Pollution of India/Worldtheijes
The Plastic is part of requirement. So we can’t avoid them. Every country tired from plastic pollution. Government try to stop problem, so it creating many rules, but it’s not effected in human mentality. In this research paper, given direction to protect our country from plastic pollution problem, in which 1) Given financial demand to waste plastic, 2) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan inside creating ‘Bharat Swccata Knedra’. 3)There make product, which use in Plastic dam construction also use like road divider, foot path etc. In this concept plastic is set as like place which is recent requirement of people. In this paper I’m given example of India, how to India protect from Plastic pollution problem. And I know all world accept this technique because this is requirement of world.
Microstructural and Dielectric Characterization of Sr doped Ba(Fe0.5Ta0.5)O3 ...theijes
Solid state reaction method was used to synthesize Ba1-xSrx(Fe0.5Ta0.5)O3 ceramic(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5). The raw materials of making Sr doped Ba(Fe0.5Ta0.5)O3 were BaCO3, SrCO3, Fe2O3, Ta2O5 (purity better than 99%). Pellet and ring shaped samples prepared from each composition were sintered at 1400 and 1450ºC for 5 hour. The phase formation of Ba1-xSrx(Fe0.5Ta0.5)O3 was checked using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and observed a cubic perovskite crystal structure in space group Pm3m (221). Microstructure of the individual compound was examined by the field emission scanning electron micrograph (FESEM). Grain size was found to be varied with Sr content. The lattice parameter decreased with increasing Sr content. Dielectric spectroscopy was applied to investigate the electrical properties of BSFT at room temperature and in a frequency range of 100Hz–100 MHz. An analysis of the dielectric constant εʹ and loss tangent tan with frequency was performed assuming a distribution of relaxation times. The low frequency dielectric dispersion corresponds to the DC electrical conductivity.
Methods for Risk Management of Mining Excavator through FMEA and FMECAtheijes
Management of maintenance systems in the mining industry is an important condition for their operation. If we recognize the need for risk analysis and management of individual maintenance system, it can generate potential overall efficiency and effectiveness. Special importance for the realization of the objectives of the mining industry belongs to redesign, system harmonization between the various technical structure, standardization, technical diagnostics, analysis of different levels of criticality with variant selection and application of optimal solutions. The potential for the destruction of the complex maintenance systems are a reality in the mining industry and their expression in various applications is a realistic one. For different aspects of the analysis it is possible to decrease risk index range from the threshold to the range of high and low threshold of moderate and acceptable risk. Application of FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) and FMECA (Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis) methods are used to manage risk related to the initial phase of defining the prediction of all possible risks, risk factors and RPN budget priorities. Some risks can be grouped according to the type of errors that occur due to their realization. For effective risk analysis and implement measures to reduce their need is and competent team. No matter what the risks involved, FMECA method can reliably estimate the possibility of their implementation with a satisfactory degree of flexibility and compatibility. In this paper an attempt has been made to develop an effective maintenance methodology of excavator such that the maintenance cost is minimized and technical constraints (such as engine, hydraulic and transmission system, break system, electrical and safety system, suspension and track) are efficiently monitored and maintained. These technical constraints depends upon many factors such as a) Geotechnical parameters, b) Geological parameters, c) Mine parameters, d) Production rate, e) Equipment specification and f) Dig ability assessment etc. Based on the above factors maintenance plans are prepared. This paper discusses a risk management strategy system for Optimal Maintenance Program (OMP) of excavators. The OMP includes functional analysis method of FMEA and FMECA. To develop a successful operation system, it is first necessary to create a risk management program. A prudent management program is one that ensures safety and is environmentally and economically responsible.
Improvement of MFSK -BER Performance Using MIMO Technology on Multipath Non L...theijes
Digital communications has evolved rapidly with a lot of success. The new trend seems to be the reinvention of already existing and even discredited or discarded theories or in this case, channels. Extensive research into optimizing or enhancing already existing schemes is still gaining momentum with practical results for all to experience and utilize. This paper describes the design and BER performance of an M-ary frequency shift keyed (FSK) signaling and demodulation scheme improved by MIMO antenna technology for wireless communications. MFSK and MIMO systems were briefly reviewed including AWGN, Non LOS fading and an important factor employed to estimate the performance of digital transmission. The research was performed using MATLAB for simulation and evaluation of the BER
Study of Probability Distributions of Cpi and Spi in Earned Value Analysistheijes
Earned Value analysis (EVA) is the most efficient tool used for transitional review of project execution .It is helpful to project managers and management team to value the progress of project work throughout the project life cycle. The Earned Schedule (ES) is used to approximate the time or duration of project/ s for appropriate evaluation of project execution. ES also help to forecast the time required to complete the project. When combined with schedule analysis, ES can enhance the project. EVA provides the controlling tool for better decision making in project management. The paper discuss about the probability distribution of Cost performance Index (CPI) and Schedule performance Index (SPI). Best fitted distribution will help for forecasting project duration effectively. This helps the Project Manager to prevent the over budgeted cost in future. So an attempt is made to find the alternative distribution of CPI and SPI for better decision making. If the project schedule performance shows poor results then manager need to take the corrective action with the help of this tool. Weibull, Gamma and Exponentiated Exponential Distribution functions are used to study the effect of SPI on CPI. For making better decision in project scheduling, Project managers can review the parameters using EVM tool. The tool is useful in all types of civil engineering and software engineering projects.
Performance Analysis of Apodized Fiber Bragg Gratings Formats in Optical Comm...theijes
This paper presents the performance analysis of apodized fiber bragg an optical communication system. The effected fiber bragg for capacities uniform, Gaussian and tanh capacity has been implemented and investigated. The variable file of FBG performance is talented for the distinctive apodized capacity, including utilization in the RZ beat generator. The corresponding framework throughout the fiber mode channel is simulated using optisystem version 9 programs. Results show a fit correlation for the range, eye diagram and Q-variable figure
Safety aspect in automotive engineering is of prime importance. Effective Braking system along with good suspension systems, good handling and safe cornering is very important for determining the performance of the vehicle. The objective of this work is to design, analyze and investigate the strength and stiffness of the brake calliper during braking operation using ANSYS Workbench 15.0This analysis is further used to identify the critical locations of low stiffness on the brake calliper and also aimed at evaluating the performance of brake calliper under severe braking conditions. Hence best suitable design is suggested based on the performance and strength criteria
Today human-machine interaction is moving away from mouse and pen and is becoming pervasive and much more compatible with the physical world. With each passing day the gap between machines and humans is being reduced with the introduction of new technologies to ease the standard of living. In this paper, a rigorous analysis of different techniques of “Human-Machine Interaction” using gestures has been presented using accelerometer. Gestures can originate from any bodily motion or state but commonly originate from the face or hand. Robotics is the branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing we have implemented a system through which the user can give commands to a wireless robot using gestures. Through this method, the user can control or navigate the robot by using gestures of his/her palm, thereby interacting with the robotic system. The command signals are generated from these gestures using accelerometer sensing [1]. These signals are then passed to the robot to navigate it in the specified directions.
Evaluation of Various Polymorphs by Different Techniques and Their Characteri...theijes
This document reviews polymorphism in pharmaceutical compounds. It discusses how polymorphism can impact properties like solubility, dissolution rate, stability and bioavailability. Several techniques for characterizing polymorphs are described, including X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and infrared spectroscopy. The key types of polymorphism - enantiotropy, monotropy, and dynamic allotropy - are explained. The importance of evaluating and controlling polymorphism in drug development and manufacturing is emphasized.
Yanamadurru Drain Water Quality Assessment during 12-13 March, 2016theijes
The south foot of hill ranges on north side of West Godavari District is the birth of Yerrakaluva, within few kilometers in down stream, a reservoir constructed near Konguvarigudem. Yerrakaluva ends up at Duvva Village to Yanamadurru drain separated by a weir. Yanamadurru acts as a drain for discharging waste water from the fields and ends by confluence with Upputeru at Naidupalem. On upstream of Yanamadurru drain from Bhemavaram village, River Gasthani confluenced with this Drain. River Gosthani and Yanamadurru drain downstream from Garagaparru influenced with industrial discharges, municipal sewage, aqua culture waste discharges and causing pollution nuisance to the people adjacent to Bhimavaram Town. The stretch of Yanamadurru drain is surveyed with water sample collections and found that the drain water, from its starting point is meeting drinking water standards crossed the limit acceptable of 500mg/L TDS at Peppara and further deterioration found and exceeded permissible limit of 2100mg/L at Garagaparru before confluence of River Gosthani. The COD and BOD concentrations are reached 116 and 42mg/L further increased when crossing Bhimavaram Town due to sewage and MSW joins to Yanamadurru drain.
The dairy industry in viet nam a value chain approachijmvsc
Vietnam lies in the area of highest economic and milk consumption growth in the world. Vietnam also
increased milk yield reached the second highest in Asia with output milk consumption is increasing
rapidly. However, the dairy industry in the country only satisfies more than 20% of the domestic
consumption, the rest is imported from foreign. The retail milk price in Vietnam is very high; however, the
raw milk prices relatively low. One explanation is the monopoly of the dairy processor in Vietnam. Three
largest processors own 75% of the dairy market. They take advantage in the negotiation with farmers and
actively increase the retiling price. Recently, such investigations on the processor by government officers
do not take any effect in the dairy market. There is no rule controlling the increase in price yet the own
suffer a lot is the final consumer. The main objective of this paper is providing a close look to value chain
and its application in the dairy industry in Vietnam. The authors would offer some solutions to increase
the value added in the dairy value chain and improvement in the income distribution in this value chain.
The document is a report on the strategic management of the fast food industry in Pakistan. It provides an overview of the fast food industry in Pakistan, discussing its growth and structure. It then analyzes the external factors, competitive forces, and opportunities/threats to the industry using Porter's five forces model. The conclusion states that the fast food industry in Pakistan is growing continuously and will depend on innovation, value, and competitive strategies in the coming years.
The document provides an overview of the dairy industry in Bangladesh and India. It discusses Bangladesh's dairy industry including production challenges like poor feed/fodder, animal breeding and health issues. It also outlines India's large and successful dairy cooperative system managed through state federations. The dairy industries in both countries are analyzed using the STEEPLED framework which examines political, economic, social, technological and other macroenvironmental factors influencing industry.
The document reports on findings from a Vietnam consumer survey conducted during COVID-19 which show that while consumer spending has shifted towards necessities, sentiment remains optimistic. It examines consumer behavior through the lenses of four personas and explores changes in their heart (sentiment), wallet (spending), and mind (purchasing drivers). Key findings include a boost in digital behavior but continued preference for physical shopping, as well as a desire for better purchasing experiences.
20200407 asia covid 19 - grocery retail survey - japan v final-ds v2DaniellaSeiler
The document summarizes survey results from 500 Japanese consumers on their grocery shopping and spending behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak. Some key findings include:
- Only 30% of consumers agree that media coverage of COVID-19 is too sensational, and only 10-20% are worried about impacts on income or going outside.
- Spending has decreased most for dining out (33%) but increased slightly for groceries, especially online. Most expect spending patterns to slowly return to normal.
- Availability of products is the top priority for a positive shopping experience currently, rated much higher than price. Stable fresh food availability is also most important for choosing a store.
- Consumption increased slightly for shelf-
Ethic - The case study of mead JOHNSON Vietnam companyYuki Hana
This document discusses Mead Johnson Vietnam, a milk company accused of publishing incorrect nutritional component concentrations. It analyzes reasons for this, including business pressures to cut costs and use cheaper raw materials. The summary discusses internal issues like raw material quality issues and external factors like community demands and weak laws. It concludes the company aimed to increase profits unethically and hurt consumer trust, calling for the company to address issues and the state to strengthen consumer protection laws.
Commercialised supply of training & certification to improve quality and safe...ILRI
Presentation by Amos Omore to Conference on Climate Change Adaptation Strategies, Capacity Building and Agricultural Innovations to Improve Livelihoods in Eastern and Central Africa: Post-Copenhagen, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 7 – 9 June 2010
Vinamilk is the largest dairy company in Vietnam, producing over 200 dairy products. It has a strong brand recognized for over 37 years and a 75% domestic market share. The company sources 30% of its raw materials locally but relies on imports for the remaining 70%. Vinamilk focuses on high quality products, research and development, and a nationwide distribution network of over 600 supermarkets and 224,000 retailers. Its target market is children aged 5-14 for its nutritious products.
Factor Affecting Customer Purchasing Decision of Poultry Product in Indonesia...CharlyNamaku
This document analyzes the factors affecting customer purchasing decisions for poultry products in Indonesia. It discusses price, promotion, and product quality as the key factors determined through a preliminary survey. The document then reviews literature related to customer purchasing decisions and each factor. Various studies show different relationships between the factors and purchasing decisions, with some finding positive, negative, neutral or insignificant effects. The purpose of the research is to analyze the impact of price, promotion, and product quality on consumer purchasing decisions for poultry feed in Indonesia.
Study of customer satisfaction for selected milk products at Desi Farms , PuneDurgeshRaje1
The document discusses the dairy industry in India. It provides background on the growth of the dairy industry in India, noting that India is now the largest producer of milk in the world. It discusses the key players in the formal and informal dairy sectors. The formal sector is dominated by cooperatives, while the informal sector consists of village milk vendors. It also discusses factors affecting competitiveness in the dairy industry, including demand conditions, market structure, factor conditions, and the role of government. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of the dairy industry in India, its history, current structure, challenges and opportunities for further growth.
Luận Văn Thạc Sĩ Enhancing Consumer Perceived Quality: A Case Of Vinamilk Infant Formula Milk Powder đã chia sẻ đến cho các bạn nguồn tài liệu hoàn toàn hữu ích. Nếu các bạn có nhu cầu cần tải bài mẫu này vui lòng nhắn tin ngay qua zalo/telegram : 0932.091.562 để được hỗ trợ tải nhé!
Nutrition and livelihoods in Uganda: the case of TASORENEWAL-IFPRI
This document summarizes findings from an operations research study on integrated HIV/AIDS and livelihood programming (IHLP) conducted by TASO and IPFRI. The study examined IHLP group approaches and their assumptions. Key findings include:
- IHLP groups can provide economic and psychosocial benefits but also challenges like stigma and diminished individual choice.
- Impacts of IHLPs include improved food security, income to meet needs, and client pride in achievements. However, some clients reported issues with group dynamics, crop/animal failures, or market challenges.
- More targeted research is needed to improve IHLP design, implementation, and evaluation; and develop strategic, evidence-based interventions and policies
This study analyzed the impact of India's 2016 demonetization on retailers in Mumbai. It surveyed 238 retailers across general merchandise, food, and drug stores. The findings show that 45% of retailers experienced under 10% sales declines. Drug stores were least affected as they could accept old currency. However, demonetization increased non-cash payments for all retailers. Most retailers faced challenges arranging cash change and technical issues accepting cards. It significantly impacted general merchandise retailers' working capital and inventory management. While challenging initially, demonetization boosted retailers' adoption of digital payments long-term.
The document discusses major consumer trends in Asia, with a focus on Vietnam. It finds that Asia remains the global growth engine, with 60% of global economic growth. Major trends include growing health consciousness, increasing digital involvement, demand for omnichannel shopping, individualism, and convenience. Millennials are emerging as an important consumer group in Southeast Asia, accounting for over 1/3 of the population. They are more tech-savvy, delay marriage, and have different lifestyles compared to older generations.
Food safety in low- and middle-income countries: What works, what doesn't and...ILRI
Presentation by Delia Grace, Fred Unger, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Johanna Lindahl, Kohei Makita, Kristina Roesel, Michael Taylor, Ram Deka, Sinh Dang Xuan, Steve Jaffee and Silvia Alonso at the 15th International Symposium of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 13 November 2018.
Building an enabling environment for food safety in informal markets in India...ILRI
Presented by Lucila Lapar, Ram Deka, Johanna Lindahl, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Nancy Johnson, Amanda Wyatt and Delia Grace at the 4th annual Leverhulme Centre for Integrative Research on Agriculture and Health (LCIRAH) conference, 3-4 June 2014, London, UK.
The document provides an overview of the consumer health market in Vietnam. It discusses key trends such as rising consumer purchasing power fueling growth in the market. Vitamins and dietary supplements saw rising demand as incomes increased. Self-medication remained common practice. The market saw intensifying competition between international and domestic brands. The outlook is positive with market growth projected to continue over the forecast period driven by higher incomes and health awareness.
Similar to Reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices in Vietnam: A case study in Long Bien district, Hanoi (20)
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Supermarket Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
Supermarket management is a stand-alone J2EE using Eclipse Juno program.
This project contains all the necessary required information about maintaining
the supermarket billing system.
The core idea of this project to minimize the paper work and centralize the
data. Here all the communication is taken in secure manner. That is, in this
application the information will be stored in client itself. For further security the
data base is stored in the back-end oracle and so no intruders can access it.
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
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Reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices in Vietnam: A case study in Long Bien district, Hanoi
1. The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES)
|| Volume || 5 || Issue || 7 || Pages || PP -107-113 || 2016 ||
ISSN (e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN (p): 2319 – 1805
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 107
Reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices in Vietnam:
A case study in Long Bien district, Hanoi
Bui Thi Nga
Faculty of Accounting and Business Management, Vietnam National University of Agriculture
--------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-----------------------------------------------------------
The milk price to the consumer in Vietnam is considered relatively high compared to the producer price, or
compared to other agricultural goods, or compared to incomes. This study aimed to find out how the consumers
behaved and reacted against the rising milk prices in Vietnam. The data came from standard questionnaires in a
survey of 100 representative respondents in a case study in Long Bien district, Hanoi, Vietnam. Results showed
that three factors: the average monthly income of the household, age and career of the respondents (also
decision makers in milk consumption of the household) had a significant influence to consumer reaction against
rising milk prices. Consumers had a lower professional career, younger and lower incomes normally had
stronger reactions against rising milk prices.
Keywords:rising milk prices, consumer behavior, reaction
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date of Submission: 17 May 2016 Date of Accepted: 30 July 2016
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. INTRODUCTION
There are different points of view on the milk price in Vietnam. Some researchers state that milk price to the
consumer in Vietnam is one of the highest in the world (Luan, 2008, IFCN, 2006). Others claim that there is no
evidence of the high price, and show that prices in Vietnam are within the range of that in neighboring countries
(Jonathan, 2010). It is a fact that the retail or consumer price in Vietnam is relatively high compared to the
producer price, or compared to other agricultural goods, or compared to incomes. The farm gate price varies
considerably among different processors (Nancy et al., 2006). A result from IFCN (2006) and Patrice (2008)
research showed that the energy corrected milk price paid in Vietnam was constant for a decade and was lower
than that in Thailand and Bangladesh and slightly lower than in India, but higher than in Pakistan.
Milk markets in Vietnam are imperfectly competitive (Jonathan, 2010). It is difficult for consumers to access
complete information about the products that they buy. The control of product quality and safety by government
agencies is deficient.
Vietnam issued a regulation on price registration and control in 2010 in order to reduce fluctuation and stabilize
prices of many products, including dairy products. The policymakers believe that dairy companies raise milk
prices because of spending too much money on advertising and promotion. However, results from Jonathan’s
study (2010) show that the price would not be lower or even stabilized due to: (i) the unexpected immediate
impact of the new policy would be a price increase because dairy companies raised prices before the
implementation date of the new circular to avoid the need to re-register prices after the policy came into effect
and (ii) the high administrative costs of registering inputs, outputs, wholesale, and retail prices. Thus, dairy
companies would pass these additional costs on to consumers. Yet, we do hope that this regulation will be the
opening point for future success in controlling the price of milk in Vietnam.
Many studies have researched about the rising milk price in Vietnam. But almost none of them research about
the reaction of consumeragainst the rising milk prices. Therefore, this study has been done to find out the way
consumers behave and react against the rising milk prices in Vietnam.
II. METHODOLOGY
2.1 Primary data
Primary data were collected through standard questionnaire, oriented interviews, expert consultation, and in-
depth interviews. Firstly, we applied oriented interview, and consulted experts, combined with secondary data to
select necessary respondents based on four basic criteria as age, occupation, education and household average
monthly income of respondents. We found out 100 representative respondents who decided milk consumption
behavior of the household level. Then, we used standard questionnaires to collect data.
According to the real situation of Vietnam, we chose 100 women aged from 18 to 50 years old, who played an
important role in households’ health care, spending and decide to purchase and pay for the milk.
2. Reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices in Vietnam: A case study in Long Bien district,..
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 108
Source: Survey data, 2015
Figure 1: Age of the respondents
The educational level of the respondents consisted of postgraduates; graduates; college or vocational training;
high school; and others (secondary, primary).
Source: Survey data, 2015
Figure 2: Educational level of the respondents
About occupation, we chose the popular careers in Vietnam including: government staff; trader/retailer;
worker/farmer; unstable job; free job (such as street vendor); housewife; and others.
Source: Survey data, 2015
Figure 3: Occupation of the respondents
The average monthly income of the respondents’ household included: less than 5 million Vietnam dong (VND)
per month; from 5 million to 10 million per month; from 10 million to 20 million per month; more than 20
million.
12%
32%
24%
28%
4%
Post university graduated
University graduated
College/vocational training
High school
Other
24%
10%
26%
10%
14%
6% 10%
Government staff
Trader/retailer
Worker/farmer
Unstable job
Free job
Housewife
Others
3. Reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices in Vietnam: A case study in Long Bien district,..
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 109
Source: Survey data, 2015
Figure 4: Monthly household income of the respondents
2.2 Method of Data Analysis
The research used OLS regression to compute the effects of some consumers’ characteristics of this population
of the reaction behavior of the consumers against the rising milk prices.
The reaction behavior equation:
Y1i = χ1iβ1 + u1iu1i ~ N(0,1)
Where Y1i is the latent dependent variable
χ1i is the vectors that are assumed to affect the probability of sampled consumers react against the rising milk
prices
β1 is vectors of unknown parameters
u1iare residuals that are independent and normally distributed with zero mean and constant variance
Table 1. Description of the dependent and independent variables used in the model
Variables Description Types Values
AGE Age Continuous Number of years
EDU Education level Dummy
0= postgraduates; 1= graduates; 2= college or
vocational training; 3= high school; 4=others
JOB Career Dummy
0= government staff; 1= trader/retailer; 2=
worker/farmer; 3= unstable job; 4= free job; 5=
housewife; 6= others.
INCOME
Average
monthly income
of household Dummy
0= household income less than 5 million per month; 1=
household income from 5 million to less than 10
million per month; 2= household income from 10
million to less than 20 million per month; 3= others.
Y1i
Reaction of
consumers Dummy
0= Strong reaction; 1 = average reaction; 2= Weak or
no reaction
The strong reaction consumers are those who regularly pay attention to milk price. They are very sensitive to
the promotions, discounts, as well as price increases. They generally increase the amount of purchase to
participate in promotions or discounts program, and they stop buying, buy less or change to other products when
prices rise.
The average reaction consumers are those who only pay attention to price when prices increase quite high. They
also increase the amount of purchase to participate in promotions, discount program. They still buy even prices
increase, but reduce the amount of purchase.
The weak or no reaction consumers are those who pay no attention to the price. They do not care about the
promotion or discount programs. They will still buy even the prices go up or down.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1 Behavior and reaction of the consumers against the rising milk prices in Long Bien District, Hanoi
Among 100 surveyed consumers, there were 42 people responded that they usually paid attention to the
fluctuation of the milk prices in the market, especially when prices rose. They were also followed the discount
or promotion program of the milk companies in the market. There were 36 respondents sometime paid attention
to the price. They normally concerned for the price if it was suddenly changed, changed fast or shock. The rest
22 people almost neglect and did not pay attention to the change in prices of milk.
4%
30%
48%
18% Less than 5 million VND per month
From 5 to less than 10 million VND per month
From 10 to less than 20 million VND per month
20 million VND per month or over
4. Reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices in Vietnam: A case study in Long Bien district,..
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 110
Figure 5. Habits of tracking the milk price
Source: Survey data, 2015
Most of surveyed consumers responded that the price of milk on the market was quite high (64%). There were
24% said milk that the prices were very high. Only 12% respondents said that it was at an acceptable level, no
one said that the price was quite cheap and cheap.
Figure6. Consumers’ evaluation of milk price
Source: Survey data, 2015
Evaluation of the satisfaction level of milk prices corresponding to perceived quality, consumers provided a
neutral point of views. Most of them said that the price was acceptable relevant to the quality (64%). There were
8% of people satisfied and 28% of them dissatisfied with the price.
Figure7. The satisfaction level of consumers about the milk price corresponding to perceived quality
Source: Survey data, 2015
The results surveyed showed that, if the price of milk increased, there were 22 people would react strongly, 50
people provided moderate reactions. Only 28 people would have little or no response. This may imply that the
sensitivity of consumers’ reaction to the rising milk prices is quite high.
Ussually
42%
Sometime
36%
Never
22%
Very high
24%
Rather high
64%
Acceptable
12%
Satisfaction
8%
Neutral
64%
Disatisfaction
28%
5. Reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices in Vietnam: A case study in Long Bien district,..
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 111
Figure 8. Reaction level of the consumers against the rising milk prices
Source: Survey data, 2015
3.2 Factors affecting the reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices
Age of consumers versus thereaction against the rising milk prices
The ratio of the average reaction of the respondents from 18 to 25 years old occupied 58.33%, while the ratio of
the strong reaction was 33.33%, and only 8.33% wereweak or no reaction. The higher age group, from 26 to 35
years old respondents, showed a reduction in the ratio of strong reaction (20%), while the average reaction was
65%, and weak or no reaction was 15%. At the age group from 36 to 50 years old, the percentage of consumers
have reacted strongly was smaller among three age group at only 16.67%, and only 27.78% of them have
average reaction, the rest 55.56% had weak or no reaction.
Table 2: Age versus reaction of consumers
Age level
Reaction level
From 18 to 25 From 26 to 35 From 36 to 50
Total
(People)
Ratio
(%)People
Ratio
(%)
People
Ratio
(%)
People
Ratio
(%)
Strong reation 4 33.33 4 20 3 16.67 11 22
Average reaction 7 58.33 13 65 5 27.78 25 50
Weak or no reaction 1 8.33 3 15 10 55.56 14 28
Total 12 100 20 100 18 100 50 100
Source: Survey data, 2015
Income versus reaction of consumers
There was a tendency of the reverse relationship between income and level of consumerreaction against the
rising milk prices. It seemed that the higher income level of the respondents had a weaker level of reactions.
There were 100% of the lowest income level had a strong reaction. For the income level from 5 to less than 10
million, 53.33% had strong reaction and 40 % have average reaction. The higher income level from 10 to less
than 20 million, a strong reaction rate was only 4.17%, ratio of weak or no reaction increased to 20.83%. The
highest income level of 20 million and over tended to havea weak reaction with 89.11%.
Income
Reaction
level
Less than 5
million
5 to less than 10
million
10 to less than
20 million
From 20
million and
over
Total
(People)
Ratio
(%)
People
Ratio
(%)
People
Ratio
(%)
People
Ratio
(%)
People
Ratio
(%)
Strong reation 4 100 16 53.33 2 4.17 0 0 22 22
Average
reaction
0 0 12 40 36 75 2 11.11 50 50
Weak or no
reaction
0 0 2 6.67 10 20.83 16 88.89 28 28
Total 4 100 30 100 48 100 18 100 100 100
Source: Survey data, 2015
Occupation versus reaction of consumers
The surveyed data did not indicate clear trends betweenoccupationand the level of consumer reaction against the
rising milk prices. In absolute terms, the numbers of respondents who had more stable and professional job, had
a stronger reaction against rising milk prices. But in the relative level, it seemed that the ratio of respondents
with more stable and professional job had weakerreacted.
Strong reaction
22%
Average reaction
50%
Weak or no
reaction
28%
6. Reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices in Vietnam: A case study in Long Bien district,..
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 112
Reaction level Strong
reation
Average
reaction
Weak or no
reaction
Total
Government staffs 4 16 4 24
Traders/retailers 4 3 3 10
Worker/farmers 5 12 9 26
Unstable job 4 3 3 10
Free job 2 7 5 14
Housewife 1 4 1 6
Others 2 5 3 10
Total 22 50 28 100
Source: Survey data, 2015
Educational level versus reaction of consumers
The survey data showed a slight tendency effect between the level of education and the level of consumer
reaction against the rising milk prices. Consumers with high qualifications tend to react more strongly to rising
milk prices than people with lower qualifications.
Post
graduates
Graduates College or vocational
training
High
school
Other Total
Strong reation 4 6 6 5 1 22
Average reaction 6 17 10 15 2 50
Weak or no reaction 2 9 8 8 1 28
Total 12 32 24 28 4 100
Source: Survey data, 2015
Affecting factors to the reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices
In the selection equation of the regression model, three variables were found to be significant affecting
determinants to the reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices. These were age (AGE), career (JOB) of
the respondents (also decision makers in milk consumption), and monthly income of households (INCOME).
Table 2.Affecting factors to the reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices
Variables Coefficient St.error t-ratio
Constant 0.737 0.181 0.0002**
AGE -0.251 0.135 0.0688***
INCOME -0.673 0.090 0.0000*
JOB 0.114 0.059 0.0615***
EDU 0.056 0.097 0.5645NS
Source: Survey data, 2015
F=17. 91, number of observations (N) = 100, Multiple R=0. 783701; R-squared=0. 614187, Adjusred R-
square=0. 57989, significance level=0. 0000, * and ** represents a significant level at 1%, 5% and 10%
probability level, respectively. NS: non statistically significance.
There are two variables, age of the respondents, also decision makers in milk consumption of the family (AGE),
and monthly income of the households (INCOME) had negative effects onthe reaction of the consumers against
the rising milk prices and found to be significant at less than 10% probability level. The job of the respondents
(JOB) had a positive impact on the reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices. That means, the
younger consumers, the less stable and professional job of the respondents, and the lowerincome of the
households will have the stronger reaction against the rising milk prices. In which, the impact level of income is
more than twice higher than that of the age and six times higher than that of job.
IV. CONCLUSION
The study results showed that three of the four studied factors: the average monthly income of the household,
and age and career of the respondents (also decision makers in milk consumption of the household) had a
significant influence to the reaction of consumer against rising milk prices. Consumers had more professional
careers such as government officers, traders react stronger than those with less professional career such as
workers, farmers, housewives. Older consumers and consumer with higher incomes also react stronger against
the rising milk prices.
7. Reaction of consumers against the rising milk prices in Vietnam: A case study in Long Bien district,..
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 113
REFERENCES
[1]. Nancy B. et al (2006), Review, analysis and dissemination of experiences in dairy production in Vietnam, AVSF/ACI/FAO final
report, 153p.
[2]. Luan L. V. C. (2008), Fresh Grass to Fress milk, JACCAR Equity Research – Vietnam.
http://reports.jaccarequityresearch.com/reports/report/369-Fresh-Grass-To-Fresh-Milk.html
[3]. IFCN (2006), The economics of milk production in Hanoi, Vietnam, with particular Emphasis on Small scale Producers, PPLPI
working paper No. 33 http://www.ifcnnetwork.org/media/pdf/DR10-Extract-lowres.pdf, consulted 20/09/2009
[4]. Patrice Gautier (2008), Smallholder Dairy in Vietnam, Study and Presentation on behalf of FAO within the project “Improved
Market Access and Smallholder dairy farmer Participation for Sustainable Dairy Development” (CFC/FIGMDP/16FT)
[5]. Jonathan P (2010). Milk Price Registration and Regulations in Vietnam: Will it Lower Milk Prices? POLICY CASE STUDY,
Harvard Kennedy School- Fulbright Economic Teaching Program, October, 2010.