Máximo Torero
POLICY SEMINAR
Virtual Event - Transforming Food Systems for Affordable, Healthy and Sustainable Diets for All: A High-Level Discussion on the Key Findings of the 2020 State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report
Co-Organized by FAO North America and IFPRI
JUL 14, 2020 - 10:00 AM TO 11:30 AM EDT
Barry M. Popkin
SPECIAL EVENT
28th Annual Martin J. Forman Memorial Lecture
Confronting the New Face of Malnutrition: Regulatory and Fiscal Approaches to Improving Diets
OCT 29, 2018 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
COVID-19 Pandemic, Food Systems, and Interaction with MalnutritionFrancois Stepman
2 April 2020. WEBINAR. COVID-19, food systems, and interaction with malnutrition.
With COVID-19 dominating the news, is it a priority to think about ag and nutrition right now?
This seminar was held in partnership with WFP under the title of "Utilizing evidence-based research to inform policy: The Case of School Feeding Programs"
Scaling Up Nutrition Action for Africa: Where Are We and What Challenges Need To Be
Addressed To Accelerate Momentum
Lawrence Haddad, Executive Director, Global Alliance for Nutrition (GAIN), United Kingdom
Estimating the economic benefits of addressing undernutritionPOSHAN
This presentation was made by Dr. Harold Alderman (IFPRI) in the session on ‘Big numbers about small children: Research on nutrition financing’ at the POSHAN Conference "Delivering for Nutrition in India Learnings from Implementation Research", November 9–10, 2016, New Delhi.
For more information about the conference visit our website: www.poshan.ifpri.info
This presentation discusses IHME's research in public financing of health in developing countries, including study design, findings, study limitations, and recommendations for governments and future research.
For more information please visit www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org
Máximo Torero
POLICY SEMINAR
Virtual Event - Transforming Food Systems for Affordable, Healthy and Sustainable Diets for All: A High-Level Discussion on the Key Findings of the 2020 State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report
Co-Organized by FAO North America and IFPRI
JUL 14, 2020 - 10:00 AM TO 11:30 AM EDT
Barry M. Popkin
SPECIAL EVENT
28th Annual Martin J. Forman Memorial Lecture
Confronting the New Face of Malnutrition: Regulatory and Fiscal Approaches to Improving Diets
OCT 29, 2018 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
COVID-19 Pandemic, Food Systems, and Interaction with MalnutritionFrancois Stepman
2 April 2020. WEBINAR. COVID-19, food systems, and interaction with malnutrition.
With COVID-19 dominating the news, is it a priority to think about ag and nutrition right now?
This seminar was held in partnership with WFP under the title of "Utilizing evidence-based research to inform policy: The Case of School Feeding Programs"
Scaling Up Nutrition Action for Africa: Where Are We and What Challenges Need To Be
Addressed To Accelerate Momentum
Lawrence Haddad, Executive Director, Global Alliance for Nutrition (GAIN), United Kingdom
Estimating the economic benefits of addressing undernutritionPOSHAN
This presentation was made by Dr. Harold Alderman (IFPRI) in the session on ‘Big numbers about small children: Research on nutrition financing’ at the POSHAN Conference "Delivering for Nutrition in India Learnings from Implementation Research", November 9–10, 2016, New Delhi.
For more information about the conference visit our website: www.poshan.ifpri.info
This presentation discusses IHME's research in public financing of health in developing countries, including study design, findings, study limitations, and recommendations for governments and future research.
For more information please visit www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org
Rachel Nugent
POLICY SEMINAR
Virtual Event - The New Nutrition Reality: Time to Recognize and Tackle the Double Burden of Malnutrition!
DEC 1, 2020 - 09:30 AM TO 11:15 AM EST
Exploring New Sources of Revenue for Health: Filling the GapHFG Project
Resource Type: Brief
Authors: Jose Carlos Gutierrez, Sharon Nakhimovsky, Carlos Avila
Published: 04/01/2015
Resource Description:
In lower middle-income countries, many questions remain around how to scale up health systems to reach Universal Health Coverage. Where will the money come from; what financing mechanisms are available to policymakers; and what are the trade-offs that must be taken into account? This brief highlights the key questions and findings behind HFG’s technical report, “Domestic Innovative Financing for Health: Learning from Country Experience.” The report provides a framework for analyzing innovative options for raising additional revenue for health and reviews different countries’ experiences with each option. In the context of this report, “innovative” options are those that are new for a country and generate additional resources for the health sector. The successes and failures of these approaches provide food for thought as policymakers seek to leverage more resources for health. The full report is also available for download. - https://www.hfgproject.org/brief-exploring-new-sources-of-revenue-for-health/
The U.S. Government’s Global Health Initiativejehill3
The U.S. Government’s Global Health Initiative
Richard Greene, Director, Office of Health, Infectious Diseases and Nutrition, Bureau for Global Health, USAID
CORE Group Spring Meeting, Tuesday April 27, 2010
Presented during Day One of the 2016 Nigeria Health Care Financing Training Workshop. Presented by Dr. Elaine Baruwa. More: https://www.hfgproject.org/hcf-training-nigeria
The presentation summarizes the effectiveness and lessons of the World Bank Group's support for health services in client countries, as outlined in IEG's evaluation.
Boosting Nutrition Impact via Integrated Program Strategiesjehill3
Boosting Nutrition Impact via Integrated Program Strategies
Heather Danton and Paige Harrigan, Save the Children
CORE Group Spring Meeting, April 30, 2010
Success beyond numbers: The Salud Mesoamerica Initiative’s results-based fin...RBFHealth
The Salud Mesoamérica Initiative (SMI) is a public-private partnership between the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), the Carlos Slim Foundation, the Government of Spain, the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the countries of Central America and the State of Chiapas in Mexico. SMI works to reduce maternal and health inequalities through a results-based financing model, aligned with priorities established by the governments of the region. Among the poor in Mesoamerica, only 5 out of every 10 pregnant women are attended during childbirth by skilled birth personnel and the mortality rate among children in poverty is twice that of the national average.
These set of slides were presented at the BEP Seminar "Targeting in Development Projects: Approaches, challenges, and lessons learned" held last Oct. 2, 2023 in Cairo, Egypt
Caitlin Welsh
POLICY SEMINAR
Food System Repercussions of the Russia-Ukraine War
2023 Borlaug Dialogue Breakout session
Co-organized by IFPRI and CGIAR
OCT 26, 2023 - 1:10 TO 2:10PM EDT
Joseph Glauber
POLICY SEMINAR
Food System Repercussions of the Russia-Ukraine War
2023 Borlaug Dialogue Breakout session
Co-organized by IFPRI and CGIAR
OCT 26, 2023 - 1:10 TO 2:10PM EDT
Antonina Broyaka
POLICY SEMINAR
Food System Repercussions of the Russia-Ukraine War
2023 Borlaug Dialogue Breakout session
Co-organized by IFPRI and CGIAR
OCT 26, 2023 - 1:10 TO 2:10PM EDT
Bofana, Jose. 2023. Mapping cropland extent over a complex landscape: An assessment of the best approaches across the Zambezi River basin. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
Mananze, Sosdito. 2023. Examples of remote sensing application in agriculture monitoring. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
Seoul National University (SNU). 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. Component 4. Crop analytics for forecasting yields. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Kickoff Meeting (virtual), January 12, 2023
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. Component 1. Stakeholder engagement for impacts. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
Centro de Estudos de Políticas e Programas Agroalimentares (CEPPAG). 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. Component 3. Digital collection of groundtruthing data. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
ITC/University of Twente. 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. Component 2. Enhanced area sampling frames. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
Christina Justice
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
A Look at Global Rice Markets: Export Restrictions, El Niño, and Price Controls
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
Fousseini Traoré
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
A Look at Global Rice Markets: Export Restrictions, El Niño, and Price Controls
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
Abdullah Mamun and Joseph Glauber
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
A Look at Global Rice Markets: Export Restrictions, El Niño, and Price Controls
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
Shirley Mustafa
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
A Look at Global Rice Markets: Export Restrictions, El Niño, and Price Controls
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
Joseph Glauber
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
A Look at Global Rice Markets: Export Restrictions, El Niño, and Price Controls
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
Lead authors Jonathan Mockshell and Danielle Resnick presented these slides at the Virtual Book Launch of the Political Economy and Policy Analysis (PEPA) Sourcebook on October 10, 2023.
An output of the Myanmar Strategy Support Program, with USAID and Michigan State University. Presented by Paul Dorosh, Director, Development Strategy and Governance Unit, International Food Policy Research Institute and Nilar Aung, Research Specialist, Michigan State University.
Bedru Balana, Research Fellow, IFPRI, presented these slides at the AAAE2023 Conference, Durban, South Africa, 18-21 September 2023. The authors acknowledged the contributions of CGIAR Initiative on National Policies and Strategies, Google, the International Rescue Committee, IFPRI, and USAID.
Sara McHattie
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
Facilitating Anticipatory Action with Improved Early Warning Guidance
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
SEP 26, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
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The 2024 World Health Statistics edition reviews more than 50 health-related indicators from the Sustainable Development Goals and WHO’s Thirteenth General Programme of Work. It also highlights the findings from the Global health estimates 2021, notably the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy and healthy life expectancy.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Working with data is a challenge for many organizations. Nonprofits in particular may need to collect and analyze sensitive, incomplete, and/or biased historical data about people. In this talk, Dr. Cori Faklaris of UNC Charlotte provides an overview of current AI capabilities and weaknesses to consider when integrating current AI technologies into the data workflow. The talk is organized around three takeaways: (1) For better or sometimes worse, AI provides you with “infinite interns.” (2) Give people permission & guardrails to learn what works with these “interns” and what doesn’t. (3) Create a roadmap for adding in more AI to assist nonprofit work, along with strategies for bias mitigation.
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https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Donate to charity during this holiday seasonSERUDS INDIA
For people who have money and are philanthropic, there are infinite opportunities to gift a needy person or child a Merry Christmas. Even if you are living on a shoestring budget, you will be surprised at how much you can do.
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-to-donate-to-charity-during-this-holiday-season/
#charityforchildren, #donateforchildren, #donateclothesforchildren, #donatebooksforchildren, #donatetoysforchildren, #sponsorforchildren, #sponsorclothesforchildren, #sponsorbooksforchildren, #sponsortoysforchildren, #seruds, #kurnool
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The potato is a starchy root vegetable native to the Americas that is consumed as a staple food in many parts of the world. Potatoes are tubers of the plant Solanum tuberosum, a perennial in the nightshade family Solanaceae. Wild potato species can be found from the southern United States to southern Chile
Synopsis (short abstract) In December 2023, the UN General Assembly proclaimed 30 May as the International Day of Potato.
Small children but big numbers: Estimating the economic benefits of addressing undernutrition
1. Small Children but Big Numbers
Estimating the Economic Benefits of Addressing
Undernutrition
Harold Alderman IFPRI Nov. 30 2018
2. Putting Nutrition Goals on the Finance
Minister’s Desk
The 2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) call for
improvements in all forms of malnutrition, including a 40% reduction
in stunting.
However, there are 17 SDGs compared to the eight MDGs.
And 169 targets (compared to 18 in the MDGs)
Prioritization is assisted by analysis of benefits and costs of reaching
these targets.
Advocacy is enhanced by providing such estimates on a global as
well as national scale
3. The task is not new but the data are
Since, at least, 1972 economists have been estimating the
contribution of improved nutrition to economic growth
With increasing availability of longitudinal studies and controlled
trials much more is known on the efficacy of specific interventions
But going from these studies to estimates of costs and gains at scale
still requires myriad assumptions
Explorations, however, indicates that the economic benefits to
nutrition are not overly sensitive to the assumptions employed.
4. Method: Benefit Cost Analysis
Advantages: Based on productivity impacts and context specific
outcomes and costing data, often at moderate scale. Clear economic
interpretation when benefits > costs.
Drawbacks: Full calculation of benefits requires either longitudinal data
or linking proximate outcomes to additional data such as returns to
education.
They also require assumptions about the discounted value of future
benefits.
Moreover, placing mortality reductions into the calculation of benefits
requires heroic assumptions
Finally: extrapolation from underlying research requires information on
how costs change as scale increases. That information is generally not
available
5. Method: Estimates of GNP Loss Due to
Undernutrition of Current Population
Advantages: Converts easily observed current stunting rates to
productivity loss using a best practice estimate of impact of nutrition on
schooling and earnings. Can be compared to the current budget for
health services.
Drawbacks: Does not explore a direct path between specific investments
and outcomes.
Examples: Horton and Steckel find global GNP loss to be 8%
Another study found a loss of between 1.9 and 11.4 percent of GNP for
countries in the Caribbean and Central America
Similarly, the African Union estimated that Ethiopia lost 16.5% of GNP and
Malawi 10.3%
6. Method: Estimates of Future GNP Loss Due to
Neglecting Undernutrition in Today’s Children
Advantages and disadvantages similar to estimates based on
current stunting
As there are fewer individuals under 5 than those in the entire
current work force and health has generally improved since the
current workforce was in their most vulnerable years, these
losses are much lower than those mentioned previously.
And as these children will not enter the labor force for years, any
estimates of lost productivity require discounting
7. Method: Aggregate Budgetary Cost of
Scaling-Up Nutrition
Prominent example: 2013 Lancet estimated that scaling up 10 proven
interventions to cover 90% of at-risk children would reduce stunting by
20% and cost $9.6B. The World Bank has updated these estimates
arriving at a similar $10B/yr.
Advantages: Outcomes can be calculated both in terms of age specific
mortality or nutritional status and confidence intervals provided. Costs can
be calculated using a region specific ingredient approach.
Drawbacks: Underlying software are often based on meta-analyses of
efficacy trials with high supervision rates and small samples. It is not clear
that these outcomes or costs will match what might be seen if the projects
were scaled up.
8. Going one step further to combine
productivity gains and costs at scale
This approach models the impact of changes in nutrition using an
assumed share of the current cohort of stunted children who will no
longer be stunted and an assumption of the value of this
improvement in terms of GNP.
The larger the GNP per capita the greater the value of improvements.
Similarly, the faster GNP is growing, the greater the future value of
increased productivity.
The World Bank recently estimated the benefit : cost ratio to be 15: 1.
Returns were highest in India due to low program costs and high GNP
growth rates.
9. Can we increase confidence in such results?
It is a fair question to ask how much any of these estimates are based on
favorable assumptions or results from limited data.
For example, a global estimate of returns to nutrition by Hoddinott et al.
was based on changes in consumption 3 decades after a single RCT in
Guatemala.
I followed the general direction of Hoddinott et al. to test whether
conclusions are robust to the assumptions used in that study.
The core results replaced the data from Guatemala with longitudinal
evidence of stunting and schooling from Zimbabwe and then link these
with estimates on the returns to schooling.
I progressively increase estimated costs and/or reduce the expected
benefits and showed that under a wide set of assumptions estimated
benefits greatly exceed costs.
10. Core Results for South Asia
Economic gains are calculated for the population born between 2015 and 2030 and
assume that all individuals enter the workforce at age 20 and continue to work for
40 years.
The increment of earnings is based on the labor share of GNP (assumed to be
50%) which, as in Hoddinott et al., is projected to grow at rates reported in World
Bank models for the region.
The base line stunting rate in South Asia is 35.6%. Gains if current trends in
improvement in nutrition continue are $344 billion at a 6% discount rate over the
lifetime of this cohort.
Base case costs assume that to achieve a reduction in stunting for one child, 5
children receive the package of interventions
The B:C ratio is then 26:1 at 6% discount.
If investments are accelerated to reach 40 percent stunting reduction by 2030 the
benefits would be $497 billion or 18% of 2015 GNI
11. But the purpose of this study is to explore
various alternative assumptions
Alternatives explored:
➢Increased costs of schooling (since enrollment increases)
➢Also assumed that as education increase wage premiums would be
half of current rates (dropping to 3.5% per year completed)
➢Replaced longitudinal results with global association of height and
wages (from Horton and Steckel).
All of these are the opposite of cherry picking parameters and all show
substantial benefits far greater than cost.
12. Bottom Line: In all scenarios the Benefits far
exceeded the Costs
Moreover, these substantial benefits do not include: i) reduced anemia; ii)
reduced health costs iii) reduced chronic disease and most important iv)
reduced mortality
Assumptions are unavoidable for any estimates of the gains from improved
nutrition. There are uncertainties about extrapolating estimated impacts
derived from a few well-designed trials and the challenge of trying to look
forward for a number of decades.
However, the uncertainties in the estimates are not substantial from a policy
perspective. It is hard to imagine reasonable variations of the assumptions
used here that would invalidate the main conclusion that there is significant
under-investment in nutrition. There is no logical case that accelerate
investments should be delayed because the data have uncertainties.
13. Further details
➢Alderman, Behrman and Tasneem. Big Numbers about Small Children:
Estimating the Economic Benefits of Addressing Undernutrition
http://wbro.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/10/01/wbro.lkw003.full.pdf?keytyp
e=ref&ijkey=ijnCZI4UQ0ycZkZ
➢Hoddinott et al. The economic rationale for investing in stunting reduction.
Maternal and Child Nutrition 9(Suppl. 2): 69–82.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mcn.12080
➢Bhutta et al. Evidence-Based Interventions for Improvement of Maternal and
Child Nutrition: What Can Be Done and at What Cost?Lancet 382(9890): 452-
477.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(13)60996-4/fulltext
14. Alderman, Behrman and Tasneem. Big Numbers about Small
Children: Estimating the Economic Benefits of Addressing
Undernutrition
http://wbro.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/10/01/wbro.lkw003.
full.pdf?keytype=ref&ijkey=ijnCZI4UQ0ycZkZ
Hoddinott et al. The economic rationale for investing in stunting
reduction. Maternal and Child Nutrition 9(Suppl. 2): 69–82.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mcn.12080
Bhutta et al. Evidence-Based Interventions for Improvement of
Maternal and Child Nutrition: What Can Be Done and at What
Cost?Lancet 382(9890): 452-477.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-
6736(13)60996-4/fulltext