The document summarizes reabsorption processes in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), thick ascending limb (TAL), and early distal convoluted tubule (DCT). It outlines the objectives of reabsorption of electrolytes and water, the mechanisms involved including passive and active transport, and how medications can alter absorptive processes. Specific reabsorption topics discussed include bicarbonate, the concept of transport maximum, reabsorption in the TAL, calcium reabsorption, and reabsorption in the early DCT.

1. REABSORPTION:
PCT, THICK ASCENDING
LIMB & EARLY DCT
Prepared by: Anish Dhakal (Aryan)
MBBS Student
Patan Academy of Health Sciences

2. OBJECTIVES
• Reabsorption of important electrolytes and water along the
tubule
• Mechanisms involved in those reabsorption processes
• Mechanisms of alteration of the absorptive processes by
some medications

3. TRANSPORT MECHANISMS
• Passive transport
Simple diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
• Active transport:
Primary Active
Secondary Active
• Protein mediated transport:
Symport
Antiport

5. GENERATION OF THE DRIVING
FORCE

7. REABSORPTION OF BICARBONATE

11. LIMIT OF REABSORPTION:
CONCEPT OF TRANSPORT MAXIMUM
• Difference between Renal Threshold and Transport
Maximum
• Introduction of Splay
• Classic example is reabsorption of Glucose

13. REABSORPTION IN THICK
ASCENDING LIMB

14. CALCIUM REABSORPTION

15. REABSORPTION IN EARLY DCT

16. REFERENCES:
• Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 13th Edition
• BRS Physiology, Linda S Costanzo ,Wolters Kluwer Health
• Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 24th Edition