Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is a highly sensitive in vitro assay that measures antigens by using a radiolabeled antigen that competes with the antigen in a sample for binding to an antibody. The amount of radiolabeled antigen bound to the antibody is then measured via radioemission and used to determine the amount of antigen in the sample, allowing for detection of very small quantities. RIA was first described in 1960 and combines the principles of an immune reaction between antigen and antibody with competitive binding and measurement of radioactivity for high sensitivity.