Questionnaire Vs schedule.docx
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The document compares two methods of data collection: questionnaires and schedules. Questionnaires involve respondents answering self-administered written questions, while schedules involve in-person interviews where enumerators record respondents' answers. Some key differences are that questionnaires generally have lower costs, larger coverage, and less potential for bias than schedules, but schedules have higher response rates and allow clarifying questions. The appropriate method depends on factors like respondents' literacy levels and accessibility.
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Data editing and coding
1. Data editing involves checking completed questionnaires for errors, omissions, and inconsistencies to ensure data quality before coding. This includes field and in-house editing.
2. Coding is the process of assigning numerical or character codes to questionnaire responses to prepare the data for computer processing. Codes are developed to classify responses systematically.
3. After coding, data entry involves transferring the coded data from questionnaires to a computer file. Error checking verifies the accuracy of data entry.
PRIMARY & SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION
This document discusses primary and secondary data collection. It defines primary data as original data collected specifically for the current study, such as through surveys, experiments, or observations. Secondary data is data previously collected by someone else for another purpose, such as published reports or census data. Both primary and secondary data have advantages and disadvantages for research. Primary data allows targeted questions but is more expensive and time-consuming to collect, while secondary data is easier to obtain but may not be specific to the current study. Qualitative and quantitative research methods are discussed for primary data collection.
Editing, Coding & Tabulation
1. The document discusses various steps involved in data processing such as editing, coding, tabulation and cross-tabulation.
2. Editing involves detecting and correcting errors in raw data to ensure accuracy, completeness, consistency and uniformity. Coding assigns numerical codes to questionnaire responses to simplify analysis.
3. Tabulation organizes data into tables or lists to facilitate analysis and comparison. It can be univariate, tabulating one variable, or bivariate/multivariate, tabulating relationships between two or more variables.
4. Cross-tabulation summarizes the relationship between two or more categorical variables by classifying data into a contingency table. It provides a basic understanding of how variables are interrelated.
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The editing , coding , tabulation of data is been explained in this ppt.
Methods of data collection
This document discusses various methods for collecting primary and secondary data. It describes observation, interviews, questionnaires, and schedules as the main methods for collecting primary data. It provides details on the types, advantages, and disadvantages of each method. It also discusses other techniques like surveys, audits, and panels. For secondary data, it notes that this involves using already available data from sources like governments, organizations, and past research. The key methods are summarized in 3 sentences or less.
Sources of primary data
Primary data is collected directly by the researcher through methods like observation, interviews, questionnaires, and schedules. Observation can be structured, unstructured, participant, non-participant, controlled, or uncontrolled. Interviews can be personal, telephone-based, structured, unstructured, focused, clinical, or non-directive. Questionnaires are effective when respondents are educated and cooperative but have a low response rate. Schedules require enumerators to ask respondents questions from a form and record their answers.
Rm 5 Methods Of Data Collection
The document discusses different methods of collecting primary and secondary data. It describes primary data collection methods such as observation, interviews using questionnaires/schedules, and surveys. It provides details on structured vs unstructured observation, participant vs non-participant observation, and structured vs unstructured interviews. It also discusses advantages and limitations of interviews and questionnaires. Secondary data collection involves obtaining published data from various sources such as government publications, books, reports, and public records. When using secondary data, the researcher must evaluate the reliability, suitability, and adequacy of the data.
Questionnaire and schedules design
Questionnaire /Schedule design is a systematic approach/process of including relevant questions in a questionnaire in such a way that the best or accurate responses are obtained from respondent with very little / no discomfort on the part of the respondent as well as the enumerator.The most important part of the survey process is the creation of questions that accurately measure the opinions, experiences and behaviors of the target group. Questionnaire / Schedules design is one of the most critical stages in the survey research process and therefore has to be given the utmost attention. This power point presentation will guide you through schedules and questionnaire design.
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Data editing and coding
1. Data editing involves checking completed questionnaires for errors, omissions, and inconsistencies to ensure data quality before coding. This includes field and in-house editing.
2. Coding is the process of assigning numerical or character codes to questionnaire responses to prepare the data for computer processing. Codes are developed to classify responses systematically.
3. After coding, data entry involves transferring the coded data from questionnaires to a computer file. Error checking verifies the accuracy of data entry.
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This document discusses primary and secondary data collection. It defines primary data as original data collected specifically for the current study, such as through surveys, experiments, or observations. Secondary data is data previously collected by someone else for another purpose, such as published reports or census data. Both primary and secondary data have advantages and disadvantages for research. Primary data allows targeted questions but is more expensive and time-consuming to collect, while secondary data is easier to obtain but may not be specific to the current study. Qualitative and quantitative research methods are discussed for primary data collection.
Editing, Coding & Tabulation
1. The document discusses various steps involved in data processing such as editing, coding, tabulation and cross-tabulation.
2. Editing involves detecting and correcting errors in raw data to ensure accuracy, completeness, consistency and uniformity. Coding assigns numerical codes to questionnaire responses to simplify analysis.
3. Tabulation organizes data into tables or lists to facilitate analysis and comparison. It can be univariate, tabulating one variable, or bivariate/multivariate, tabulating relationships between two or more variables.
4. Cross-tabulation summarizes the relationship between two or more categorical variables by classifying data into a contingency table. It provides a basic understanding of how variables are interrelated.
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Its a fully detailed topic about Editing , Coding, Tabulation o Data in research work.
The editing , coding , tabulation of data is been explained in this ppt.
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This document discusses various methods for collecting primary and secondary data. It describes observation, interviews, questionnaires, and schedules as the main methods for collecting primary data. It provides details on the types, advantages, and disadvantages of each method. It also discusses other techniques like surveys, audits, and panels. For secondary data, it notes that this involves using already available data from sources like governments, organizations, and past research. The key methods are summarized in 3 sentences or less.
Sources of primary data
Primary data is collected directly by the researcher through methods like observation, interviews, questionnaires, and schedules. Observation can be structured, unstructured, participant, non-participant, controlled, or uncontrolled. Interviews can be personal, telephone-based, structured, unstructured, focused, clinical, or non-directive. Questionnaires are effective when respondents are educated and cooperative but have a low response rate. Schedules require enumerators to ask respondents questions from a form and record their answers.
Rm 5 Methods Of Data Collection
The document discusses different methods of collecting primary and secondary data. It describes primary data collection methods such as observation, interviews using questionnaires/schedules, and surveys. It provides details on structured vs unstructured observation, participant vs non-participant observation, and structured vs unstructured interviews. It also discusses advantages and limitations of interviews and questionnaires. Secondary data collection involves obtaining published data from various sources such as government publications, books, reports, and public records. When using secondary data, the researcher must evaluate the reliability, suitability, and adequacy of the data.
Questionnaire and schedules design
Questionnaire /Schedule design is a systematic approach/process of including relevant questions in a questionnaire in such a way that the best or accurate responses are obtained from respondent with very little / no discomfort on the part of the respondent as well as the enumerator.The most important part of the survey process is the creation of questions that accurately measure the opinions, experiences and behaviors of the target group. Questionnaire / Schedules design is one of the most critical stages in the survey research process and therefore has to be given the utmost attention. This power point presentation will guide you through schedules and questionnaire design.
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Schedules and questionnaire for data collection-Pragathi G S
Schedule is a structured set of questions used in personal interviews, while a questionnaire is filled out independently by respondents. Some key differences are:
- Schedules are filled out by enumerators during interviews, while questionnaires are filled out by respondents themselves.
- Response rates tend to be higher with schedules since enumerators can ensure all questions are answered, whereas respondents may not fully complete questionnaires.
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Questionnaires and schedules are commonly used methods for collecting primary data. Questionnaires involve sending a standardized set of questions to respondents to answer on their own and return. Schedules are similar but involve an enumerator personally collecting responses by asking questions directly and filling out the schedule. Both methods can be used for descriptive or explanatory research and involve designing valid and reliable questions, representative sampling, and defining relationships between variables. Questionnaires are cheaper but have higher non-response rates while schedules provide more complete information through personal contact but are more expensive due to field workers.
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Questionnaire Vs schedule.docx
- 1. Questionnaire Schedule The questionnaire is one of the methods used for data collection. The questionnaire will have many questions, with each question having multiple choices. The schedule is also one of the methods of data collection. It will have a set of statements, questions and space given to note down the answers. Questionnaire method of data collection is preferred when the respondents are willing to cooperate. In addition, to deploy this method the respondents need to be literate. The Schedule method of data collection can be utilised irrespective of the respondent’s literacy. It can be used when the respondents are literate and can be used even when the respondents are illiterate. The type of technique used in the Questionnaire method is Quantitative. The type of technique used in the Schedule method is Qualitative. In the Questionnaire method, the grouping is made on the basis of different categories like location, age, gender etc. In the schedule method of data collection, the grouping may exist or may not exist. Informants receive questionnaires through emails, posts and the answers will be given as per instructions given in the cover letter. Answers in the Schedule method of data collection are filled by research workers/enumerators. In the Questionnaire method, there is no scope for direct personal contact with the respondents. In the Schedule method, there is direct personal contact of the respondents with the enumerators. The cost incurred in the questionnaire method of data collection is economical in comparison with the schedule. The cost is less even if the sample size used is very large. Predominantly the money is spent on preparing questionnaires only. The cost incurred in the Schedule method of data collection is very expensive since there is the cost involved in preparing the schedule, cost incurred on enumerators in addition to the training imparted to them. The coverage of Questionnaire method is large as the questionnaires can even be sent to respondents who are not easily accessible. The coverage of this method is relatively small as there are constraints in sending enumerators to larger areas. In the questionnaire, there is a higher possibility of collecting wrong or incomplete information when respondents are unable to have a clear understanding of the given question. The possibility of receiving inaccurate answers or incomplete answers due to difficulties in understanding the question can be ruled out in this method of data collection as the enumerators will be present and they can resolve any doubts and queries of respondents. In the Questionnaire method, respondents will get sufficient time to think before answering questions. The time available for respondents while answering questions is limited in the Schedule method when compared to the Questionnaire method.
- 2. In Questionnaires, responses are filled by the respondents. In Schedule, method responses are filled by the enumerators themselves. In the Questionnaire method, there is no scope for bias or the answers getting influenced by the interviewers thought process as the answers are filled by the respondents themselves. In the Schedule method of data collection, there is scope for bias or the answers getting influenced by the enumerator as the answers to the questions are filled by enumerators although the answers are given by the respondents. The response rate of the Questionnaire method is low compared to the Schedule method. The response rate in the Schedule method of data collection is high. In the Questionnaire method, the identity of the respondent is not known. In the Schedule method, the identity of the respondent is known. The Questionnaire quality determines the success of the questionnaire method of data collection. The success of the Schedule method of data collection is dependent on the efficiency, integrity and honesty of the Schedule method of data collection.