How Pulse oximeter works- Principle and Limitations I SpO2 I Respiratory Phys...HM Learnings
How Pulse oximeter works- Principle and Limitations I SpO2 I Respiratory Physiology I COVID
The slides will discuss about
1. Introduction
2. Principle of Pulse oximeter
3. Limitation of Pulse oximeter
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
You can also follow HM Learnings on facebook, instagram and twitter for daily updates
5 things to know about Pulse Oximeter.
What is a pulse oximeter?
A pulse oximeter is a device that is used to measure oxygen saturation levels (SPO2 levels) / oxygen levels in the blood. The pulse oximeter gives out two readings which are oxygen levels and pulse rate.
What happens when oxygen levels drop below the normal oxygen level in the body?
It is very important for the oxygen levels in the body to be in the normal range. The proper functioning of the body depends on oxygen which is carried by the blood to all the cells in the body. When the oxygen levels in the body drop, the functioning of various organs like the brain, heart, and kidneys can get affected. The condition of low oxygen levels in the body is called hypoxemia.
Importance of fingertip pulse oximeter in the times of COVID-19
According to medical experts, low oxygen levels are registered in coronavirus patients. So, it is important to monitor the oxygen levels in the blood to detect covid pneumonia in the early stage. COVID pneumonia is a deadly condition seen in severe covid cases.
But a pulse oximeter cannot be trusted solely to detect coronavirus. Low oxygen levels can be a symptom of various other conditions as well.
What is the normal oxygen level reading?
You can find the normal pulse oxygen level readings here 0:49
When the oxygen levels drop below the ideal oxygen level readings, it is a cue to consult a doctor.
Pulse oximetry is a noninvasive method for monitoring a person's oxygen saturation. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) readings are typically within 2% accuracy (within 4% accuracy in the worst 5% of cases) of the more desirable (and invasive) reading of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) from arterial blood gas analysis.
Life is what you create out of your life.
Everything you have and you do in life has its hidden Sutra .
You act as per those Sutras and your financial progress, material well being ,
relationships in life and health depends upon that.
Manifesting your Life Sutras brings profound result in life.
How Pulse oximeter works- Principle and Limitations I SpO2 I Respiratory Phys...HM Learnings
How Pulse oximeter works- Principle and Limitations I SpO2 I Respiratory Physiology I COVID
The slides will discuss about
1. Introduction
2. Principle of Pulse oximeter
3. Limitation of Pulse oximeter
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
You can also follow HM Learnings on facebook, instagram and twitter for daily updates
5 things to know about Pulse Oximeter.
What is a pulse oximeter?
A pulse oximeter is a device that is used to measure oxygen saturation levels (SPO2 levels) / oxygen levels in the blood. The pulse oximeter gives out two readings which are oxygen levels and pulse rate.
What happens when oxygen levels drop below the normal oxygen level in the body?
It is very important for the oxygen levels in the body to be in the normal range. The proper functioning of the body depends on oxygen which is carried by the blood to all the cells in the body. When the oxygen levels in the body drop, the functioning of various organs like the brain, heart, and kidneys can get affected. The condition of low oxygen levels in the body is called hypoxemia.
Importance of fingertip pulse oximeter in the times of COVID-19
According to medical experts, low oxygen levels are registered in coronavirus patients. So, it is important to monitor the oxygen levels in the blood to detect covid pneumonia in the early stage. COVID pneumonia is a deadly condition seen in severe covid cases.
But a pulse oximeter cannot be trusted solely to detect coronavirus. Low oxygen levels can be a symptom of various other conditions as well.
What is the normal oxygen level reading?
You can find the normal pulse oxygen level readings here 0:49
When the oxygen levels drop below the ideal oxygen level readings, it is a cue to consult a doctor.
Pulse oximetry is a noninvasive method for monitoring a person's oxygen saturation. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) readings are typically within 2% accuracy (within 4% accuracy in the worst 5% of cases) of the more desirable (and invasive) reading of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) from arterial blood gas analysis.
Life is what you create out of your life.
Everything you have and you do in life has its hidden Sutra .
You act as per those Sutras and your financial progress, material well being ,
relationships in life and health depends upon that.
Manifesting your Life Sutras brings profound result in life.
Design That Matters: Pelican Pulse Oximeter User Experience StudyVictoria Young
In an MIT + RISD collaboration, we designed, prototyped, and patented an infant pulse oximeter design. The Pelican is a pulse oximeter device designed especially for newborns in the developing world. With Design That Matters, this project raised over $20,000 on IndieGoGo. To kickoff the project, we conducted user experience research to better understand the pain points and frustrations of our primary users.
Introducing the NEW Energy Kit from Testo - a one stop solution for your Energy Audit needs. Comprises of:
• Compact sized measuring instruments for Sound, RPM and Lux
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• Entry level Thermal Imager
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• Digital Camp Meter
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Applying the Brands As Patterns framework for designing your brand strategy across channels. Case studies on how Google, Chobani and TOMS Shoes are developing brand patterns on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube through strategic storytelling and effective content marketing.
Crunchbase Signals Predicting Above Average Acquisition Price of StartupsVictoria Young
Annual venture capital investments have topped $48 billion in 2014 according to Crunchbase. Since 2007, the average successful US startup raised $41 million and exited at $242.9 million. Previous analyses by Crunchbase indicate a strong correlation between larger exits and companies that raised more money in their funding rounds. Using Crunchbase data we analyzed a collection of variables that may be significant in predicting an above average acquisition price for a startup.
Design That Matters: Infant Pulse Oximeter ( MIT + RISD Collaboration )Victoria Young
In an MIT + RISD collaboration, we designed, prototyped, and patented an infant pulse oximeter design. The Pelican is a pulse oximeter device designed especially for newborns in the developing world. With Design That Matters, this project raised over $20,000 on IndieGoGo.
Flue gas analisys in industry-Practical guide for Emission and Process Measur...Testo Azerbaijan
Flue gas analisys in industry-Practical guide for Emission and Process Measurements
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Introduction of process control, Process control, Example of controlled process, Feedback control system, Feed forward control system,Classification of variables in chemical process, Components of control system
The Newly upgraded Santamedical Generation 3 Deluxe Pulse oximeter has 2 way display now. Be default, display faces the user. At the touch of button, display faces away from user. FDA Approved Santamedical SM-110 oximeter provides reliable oxygen saturation and heart rate values without compromising accuracy. The SM-110 is for anyone who is interested in knowing their oxygen saturation and heart rate. It can be used by a variety of sports enthusiasts, including mountain climbers, hikers, skiers, bikers, and others interested in measuring oxygen saturation and pulse rate. This device is for Sports & Aviation use only and not intended for medical use.
SpO2 stands for peripheral capillary oxygen saturation, an estimate of the amount of oxygen in the blood. More specifically, it is the percentage of oxygenated haemoglobin (haemoglobin containing oxygen) compared to the total amount of haemoglobin in the blood (oxygenated and non-oxygenated haemoglobin).SpO2 is an estimate of arterial oxygen saturation, or SaO2, which refers to the amount of oxygenated haemoglobin in the blood.
Pulse oximeter – how does it work and how can it be used in home care?Silverline Meditech
Sliverline Meditech, is a leading Suppliers & Exporters of Pulse Oximeter In India & Other Home Health Care Products. A pulse oximeter is the most important monitoring tool in modern anaesthesia practice. Feel free to call us at +91-79-2689 0389.
Importance and Utility of Pulse Oximeter in Healthcare | The Lifesciences Mag...The Lifesciences Magazine
A Pulse Oximeter is a compact, non-invasive medical device used to measure the oxygen saturation level (SpO2) in the blood. It operates by emitting light wavelengths through the skin.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...
Pulseoximetry fianl
1. A
Presentation Report
On
Pulse Oximeter
By:
BISWAS LOHANI
BMET 6th BATCH
National Health Training Center
Teku, Kathmandu
Nepal
2012
2. HEMOGLOBIN
Hemoglobin
(abbreviated Hb) is the
iron-containing oxygen-
transport metalloprotein
in the red blood cells of
vertebrates.
Hemoglobin transports
oxygen from the lungs
to the rest of the body,
where it releases the
oxygen for cell use.
3. What is a Pulse Oximeter?
A Pulse Oximeter is a device used to perform the
diagnostic procedure for determining the:
Percentage of hemoglobin (Hb) that is saturated
with oxygen
The oxygen saturation (SpO2) is a measure of how
much oxygen the blood is carrying as a percentage
of the maximum it could carry and is sometimes
referred to colloquially as the "sats" reading
The heart rate
The heart rate refers to the number of times that the
heart contracts in a period of one minute
7. What does a Pulse Oximeter tell you?
A Pulse Oximeter can detect hypoxia (too little
oxygen to fulfill the needs of the brain and body)
before a patient shows signs of becoming cyanotic
(bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous
membranes due to not enough oxygen in the
blood).
8. Pulse Oximeters may be used in patients:
Undergoing surgical procedure Undergoing surgical procedure
under general anesthesia under conscious sedation
9. Pulse Oximeters may be used in patients:
Emergency situations
like loss of
consciousness, trauma
etc.
After surgery during the
recovery phase
Monitoring the blood
oxygen saturation in
various aviation
situations
Sport applications –
e.g. mountaineering
10. Pulse Oximeters may be used in patients:
In the ICU, Pulse Oximetry is used
extensively on mechanically ventilated
patients, as it can frequently detect
problems with oxygenation before they
are noticed clinically, as well as a
valuable guide for weaning patients off
ventilation and helping to assess the
adequacy of a patient's oxygen
therapy.
This continuing assessment process has
been instrumental in the introduction of
Pulse Oximeter usage within the
community and homecare
environment of patients suffering from a
variety of heart and lung diseases and
conditions
Pulse Oximeters are routinely used in
certain hospital wards and in casualty
departments for immediate assessment
of patients
11. Pulse Oximeter
reading may not be accurate:
Reduced peripheral
pulsatile blood flow
Venous congestion
(partial obstruction of
the veins) of an arm or
leg
Bright overhead lights,
such as in an operating
theatre
Shivering or significant,
repeated movement of
the sensor
12. Pulse Oximeter
reading may not be accurate:
Pulse oximetry struggles
to distinguish between
different forms of
hemoglobin, such as
carboxy-hemoglobin
(hemoglobin combined
with carbon monoxide)
Nail varnish may cause
falsely low readings with
most pulse Oximeters,
especially those
colored blue or black
14. But what is a "normal" reading?
Firstly, we would ask "normal for whom"?
A fit, healthy person should have an oxygen
saturation level between 95% & 99%. Results
lower than this, and especially below 90% may
be caused by problems including lung diseases,
such as COPD, breathing difficulties, cigarette
smoking or circulatory problems such as
excessive bleeding or blood vessel problems.
15. How does a Pulse Oximeter Work?
The measurements are obtained by By measuring how much light has been
absorbed by the oxygen in the blood, an
simply shining two wavelengths of light oxygen saturation or “sats” reading is
(1 is a visible red beam, the other an established and displayed as a
invisible infrared beam) at e.g. the percentage of the maximum amount of
oxygen the blood could carry.
fingertip.
16. Q1 If a patient’s saturation is
unacceptably low, what are your
immediate actions?
Check
Airways,
Breathing and
Circulation
(ABC)
17. Q1 If a patient’s saturation is
unacceptably low, what are your
immediate actions?
Check
Airways,
Breathing and
Circulation
(ABC)
18. Q2 An elderly patient is admitted with pneumonia and
has a pulse oximetry reading of 75% breathing air. With
oxygen 6L per min, saturation improves to 85%. What
are the implications of this oximetry reading?
19. Q2 An elderly patient is admitted with pneumonia and
has a pulse oximetry reading of 75% breathing air. With
oxygen 6L per min, saturation improves to 85%. What
are the implications of this oximetry reading?
The patient was
severely hypoxic
(Lack of Oxygen)
Increase
oxygen flow
20. Q3 What happens to the pulse Oximeter reading
of a patient immediately after a cardiac arrest?
The pulse would
be lost (causing
the alarm to
sound) and the
saturations will
decrease
21. Q3 What happens to the pulse Oximeter
reading of a patient immediately after a
cardiac arrest?
The pulse would
be lost (causing
the alarm to
sound) and the
saturations will
decrease
22. Q4 What happens to the Pulse Oximeter
reading of a patient immediately after a
respiratory arrest?
The saturations
decrease until
cardiac arrest
occurs
23. Q4 What happens to the Pulse Oximeter
reading of a patient immediately after a
respiratory arrest?
The saturations
decrease until
cardiac arrest
occurs
24. In conclusion…
Pulse Oximetry is a useful modality for assessing
a patient’s pulse rate and Hemoglobin Oxygen
saturation in a number of routine and
emergency medical situations
The clinician should be aware of the limitations
of Pulse Oximetry and the various factors that
may produce a falsely low or high reading
Always keep the basics principles of medicine in
mind, and keep a high level of suspicion -
especially when the figures don’t make sense!
25. Preventive maintenance
Qualitative Tests
Chassis - verify physical integrity, cleanliness.
Mount/Fasterners – verify physical integrity of mounts
AC Plug - verify integrity.
Line Cord - verify proper insulation and integrity.
Strain Reliefs - verify physical integrity at both ends of line cord.
Circuit Breaker/Fuse – verify integrity of external circuit breaker
and/or value of external fuse.
Cables - inspect patient cable and leads.
26. Quantitative Tests
For double insulated devices, indicate “DI” in place of
resistance and leakage current values.
Grounding Resistance [< 0.5 ohm]
2.2 Chassis Leakage [< 300 microamps]
27. THANK YOU for
your undivided
attention!!!
I appreciate the
opportunity to
invest into your
lives!!