introduction to thin film,techniques to deposit thin film, pulse laser deposition, creation and dynamics of plasma, types of thin films, nucleation and growth of film,
This to demonstrate the laser ablation of hard materials to form a thin film for optical sensors. The work was done at DIllard University , New Orleans LA by Professor Abdalla Darwish. any comment e-mail adarwish@bellsouth.net.
This to demonstrate the laser ablation of hard materials to form a thin film for optical sensors. The work was done at DIllard University , New Orleans LA by Professor Abdalla Darwish. any comment e-mail adarwish@bellsouth.net.
If you have any questions, contact me. I would be happy to help.
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In this presentation,
The author gives the working principle of the PVD and Sputtering methods. But you can also find an information about the thin film and plasma phase of a matter.
Also this is related with Magnetron Sputtering method.
Novel effects can occur in materials when structures are formed with sizes comparable to any one of many possible length scales, such as the de Broglie wavelength of electrons, or the optical wavelengths of high energy photons. In these cases quantum mechanical effects can dominate material properties. One example is quantum confinement where the electronic properties of solids are altered with great reductions in particle size. The optical properties of nanoparticles, e.g. fluorescence, also become a function of the particle diameter. This effect does not come into play by going from macrosocopic to micrometer dimensions, but becomes pronounced when the nanometer scale is reached.
If you have any questions, contact me. I would be happy to help.
PLEASE LIKE IT AND GIVE COMMENT
In this presentation,
The author gives the working principle of the PVD and Sputtering methods. But you can also find an information about the thin film and plasma phase of a matter.
Also this is related with Magnetron Sputtering method.
Novel effects can occur in materials when structures are formed with sizes comparable to any one of many possible length scales, such as the de Broglie wavelength of electrons, or the optical wavelengths of high energy photons. In these cases quantum mechanical effects can dominate material properties. One example is quantum confinement where the electronic properties of solids are altered with great reductions in particle size. The optical properties of nanoparticles, e.g. fluorescence, also become a function of the particle diameter. This effect does not come into play by going from macrosocopic to micrometer dimensions, but becomes pronounced when the nanometer scale is reached.
The nanoscience is study of production of material of size as small as nanometer size, in practice a material should be of size between 1nm to 100nm at least one of three dimensions to be called a nanomaterial. The properties of material different from its bulk counterpart when it reduced its dimensions to nanoscale. Here some fundamentals about nanoscience, nanotechnology, properties and materials is discussed.
Metallic Thin Film Deposition for Sensing ApplicationsMinh Tran
This poster presented the deposition of metallic thin film by the wet-chemistry methods, i.e. the galvanic displacement and the electrodeposition. The methods offered not only the simplicity and low-cost of the experimental setup, but also certain levels of control over the morphology, density, and size of the deposited metallic nanostructures. Several characterization methods were applied to examine the thin films, including the SEM, AFM, XRD, and XPS. Furthermore, thin film deposition by physical and chemical vapor deposition will be outlined for future work. Finally, the samples were tested for their applicability for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) in which low concentrations of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye and paraoxon, a highly toxic organophosphate pesticide, were detected. They showed promising results.
This presentation includes basis of lithography i.e. (photo-lithography e-beam lithography) in nano-lithography includes (AFM, Soft, NIL and DPN lithography)
Rosa alejandra lukaszew a review of the thin film techniques potentially ap...thinfilmsworkshop
SRF is a surface phenomenon where only ~10 penetration depths are needed (l=40 nm for niobium), thus it has been recognized for some time now that it would be economically convenient to use thin film coated cavities. But problems arise with defects within 1 or 2 l of the surface or on the surface, and insufficient attention has been paid to this topic, including trapping of impurities like oxygen in defects as well as surface roughness enabling magnetic field pinning sites. Earlier attempts at CERN applied standard sputter PVD methods, but the grain size for the CERN Nb/Cu films was 100 nm, which is 10,000 times smaller than for conventional SRF cavities with the ensuing problems that appear at grain boundaries. Thus, these prior attempts showed higher surface resistance and worst Q-slope than bulk. I will review more modern approaches using higher energetic PVD methods for thin film deposition which offer promise to achieve thin films with improved superconducting performance.
Rosa alejandra lukaszew a review of the thin film techniques potentially ap...thinfilmsworkshop
SRF is a surface phenomenon where only ~10 penetration depths are needed (l=40 nm for niobium), thus it has been recognized for some time now that it would be economically convenient to use thin film coated cavities. But problems arise with defects within 1 or 2 l of the surface or on the surface, and insufficient attention has been paid to this topic, including trapping of impurities like oxygen in defects as well as surface roughness enabling magnetic field pinning sites. Earlier attempts at CERN applied standard sputter PVD methods, but the grain size for the CERN Nb/Cu films was 100 nm, which is 10,000 times smaller than for conventional SRF cavities with the ensuing problems that appear at grain boundaries. Thus, these prior attempts showed higher surface resistance and worst Q-slope than bulk. I will review more modern approaches using higher energetic PVD methods for thin film deposition which offer promise to achieve thin films with improved superconducting performance.
Similar to Pulse laser deposition of thin film (PLD) (20)
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
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Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
9. Target:! (metals, semiconductors…)
Laser: (UV, 10 ns)
Vacuum: Atmospheres to ultrahigh vacuum
or inert gas
Pulsed Laser Deposition
With the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method, thin films are prepared
by the ablation of one or more targets illuminated by a focused pulsed-
laser beam.
10. Gas and ultra high vacume
Ultra high vacume
In vacuum, the plume does
not expand unidirectionally
The ejected species diffuse
in the plume and collide
with each other, which leads
to a rapid thermalization of
the particle cloud.
Gas
Ambient gas scatters and
attenuates the plume
changing its spatial
distribution
the deposition rate
kinetic energy distribution
of the different species.
11. Process in PLD
The removal of atoms from the bulk
material is done by vaporization of
the bulk at the surface region in a
state of non-equilibrium.
Thus transferring some of their
energy to the lattice of the target.The
surface of the target is then heated up
and vaporized.
14. Dynamic of the plasma
Material expands in a plasma parallel to the normal vector of the
target surface towards the substrate.
The spatial distribution of the plume is dependent on the
background pressure inside the PLD chamber.
The dependency of the plume shape on the pressure can be
described by
The vacuum stage, where the plume is very narrow and forward
directed;
The intermediate region where a splitting of the high and less
energetic species can be observed
15. Deposition of the ablation material
The high energetic species ablated from the target are bombarding the
substrate surface
It may cause damage to the surface by sputtering off atoms from the
surface.
16. Nucleation and growth of the film
The nucleation process and growth kinetics of the film depend
on several growth parameters including:
Laser parameters
Surface temperature
Substrate surface
Background pressure
17. Types of deposited film
three-dimensional island
growth
two-dimensional monolayer
growth of separate islands on top of a full
monolayer
18. Conclusion
Flexible, easy to implement
Exact transfer of complicated materials
Variable growth rate
Atoms arrive in bunches, allowing for much more controlled
deposition
When compared to other thin film techniques (e.g. chemical
vapour deposition, sol-gel, sputtering, etc), PLD does not
need expensive or corrosive precursors,large volume targets.
Neither it need very high temperature and/or pressure