Integrated Solid Waste Management - Managing waste an environmentally sustainable, economically affordable and socially acceptable manner.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management in Indian Cities including collection, transportation, processing and final disposal.
It also provides details on designing a collection system, procedure for composting, RDF and Sanitary Landfill.
Integrated Solid Waste Management - Managing waste an environmentally sustainable, economically affordable and socially acceptable manner.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management in Indian Cities including collection, transportation, processing and final disposal.
It also provides details on designing a collection system, procedure for composting, RDF and Sanitary Landfill.
This presentation is about Remediating Open Dumps and Recycling of spaces.
Website: www.almitrapatel.com
YouTube Channel - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4i4LO4B8EBGhAjWSefv2GQ
Plastic Waste Management and Recycling TechnologiesBHU
Its time to prevent the plastic usage by using 4Rs such as- Refuse, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.
How to manage and utilize the Plastic Waste with the developed Technologies for Recycling.
Solid waste management is collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to pollution of the environment and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease—that is, diseases spread by rodents and insects. The tasks of solid-waste management present complex technical challenges. They also pose a wide variety of administrative, economic, and social problems that must
Is it possible to maintain the standard of living we've come accustomed to and find a balance within the limits of the capacity of our ecological systems? The answer, of course, is yes but not without doing things smarter and possibly differently.
We will define what net zero waste is, discuss strategies and approaches to achieving it, metrics available and look at some best practices in the industry as this concept is emerging.
Presentation from webinar presented by Veritiv, Kimberly-Clark and the US Green Building Council, New Jersey Chapter on Earth Day 2016.
Learn more at veritivcorp.com/facilitysolutions
This presentation is about Remediating Open Dumps and Recycling of spaces.
Website: www.almitrapatel.com
YouTube Channel - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4i4LO4B8EBGhAjWSefv2GQ
Plastic Waste Management and Recycling TechnologiesBHU
Its time to prevent the plastic usage by using 4Rs such as- Refuse, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.
How to manage and utilize the Plastic Waste with the developed Technologies for Recycling.
Solid waste management is collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to pollution of the environment and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease—that is, diseases spread by rodents and insects. The tasks of solid-waste management present complex technical challenges. They also pose a wide variety of administrative, economic, and social problems that must
Is it possible to maintain the standard of living we've come accustomed to and find a balance within the limits of the capacity of our ecological systems? The answer, of course, is yes but not without doing things smarter and possibly differently.
We will define what net zero waste is, discuss strategies and approaches to achieving it, metrics available and look at some best practices in the industry as this concept is emerging.
Presentation from webinar presented by Veritiv, Kimberly-Clark and the US Green Building Council, New Jersey Chapter on Earth Day 2016.
Learn more at veritivcorp.com/facilitysolutions
Hy-Tech Cleaning technology for Solid Waste Management by Using Micro-Control...IJERA Editor
Solid waste management nowadays is an important environmental issue in country like India. Statistics show that
there has been substantial increase in the solid waste generation especially in the urban areas. The impact
assessment environment management tool makes a relationship between two factors- the amount of land required
to dispose per capita generated waste. To give a brief description of the project , the sensors are placed in the
common garbage bins placed at the public places. When the garbage reaches the level of the sensor, then that
indication will\ be given to ARM 7 Controller. The controller will give indication to the driver of garbage
collection truck as to\ which garbage bin is completely filled and needs urgent attention. ARM 7 will give
indication by sending SMS sing GSM technology.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Why is managing solid waste in Indian cities such a difficult task.pdfnayanaNMH
Solid waste management is one of the largest development concerns in metropolitan India. Studies show that improper waste disposal produces harmful leachates and gases. Urban local bodies (ULBs) are therefore required to maintain clean cities and towns.
However, the bulk of ULBs struggle with inadequate infrastructure. This involves a lack of political commitment, inadequate money, and insufficient institutional capacity. Despite receiving government financing, many ULBs nevertheless experience financial volatility.
Valuation of Environment: A Study on Willingness to Pay for Improved Solid Wa...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT : Economic valuation of environment is not an easy but controversial task. Because putting a price tag on environment seems to be impossible. But economists are busy valuing everything in terms of money. From economic point of view valuation studies are much more required now days to find out the priorities of the people. Similarly this study has tried to find out how much value people put on a clean environment in terms of their willingness to pay for improved waste management. This study uses a contingent valuation method to estimate the willingness to pay of the households living in the township of Paradip Port Trust, Odisha. It also uses a multiple linear regression model to find out the factors which influence the willingness to pay of the households. The study reveals that almost 63% of the households are willing to pay which establishes a good quantum of expected revenue from the public in the form of a fee or tax.
Status and Challenges in Municipal Solid Waste MSW Management in Jaipur Cityijtsrd
In developing countries, urbanization and rapid population growth has resulted in a substantial increase in generation of Municipal Solid Waste MSW . Safe collection, transportation and treatment of MSW are among the major issues for Indian cities. Poor MSW management practices have negative impact on public health, environment and climate change. India currently only treats 21 of MSW while the remainder disposed in unsanitary landfill sites with no recycling and treatment technologies. This paper reviews the existing MSW management practices, challenges and provides recommendations for improving MSW management for the city of Jaipur in Rajasthan, India.Despite being the state capital as well as the top tourist destination in northern part of India, there is no detailed study which reviews the waste management strategies of this city along with identifying the key challenges. The study reveals that the major challenges for MSW management in Jaipur include uncontrolled landfilling, inadequate public participation as well as failings of implementation of MSW legislation and waste conversion. Recommendations for improvement include public awareness campaigns, public private partnership, investment in lined landfills, recycling and waste to energy techniques. Optimization models and life cycle assessment tools should be employed to minimize cost and the environmental impact of MSW management. This study will provide policy makers and private sector stakeholders to develop strategies for future planning, investment and execution of improved MSW management in Indian cities. Abhishek Vashishtha "Status and Challenges in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Management in Jaipur City" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49943.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/geography/49943/status-and-challenges-in-municipal-solid-waste-msw-management-in-jaipur-city/abhishek-vashishtha
Information technology lays out its strategies for using technology and infrastructure to help the company reach its goals. Plans are consistent with available means. There are also a number of novel ideas presented that might be included into the strategy to further improve the outcome. The PMCASPL IT department will aid the company's growth by offering a wide range of IT services such as evaluating data from various units and drawing conclusions on how to proceed with business. IT-employee policy, AI/ML integration, blockchain in AQMS, website/app development (Android/iOS), social media account management (technical side), ERP/ERP enterprise resource planning, cyber security, server system, IT communication, networking setup and management, hardware support, software support, cloud service, and backup system are all within the purview of the IT department. As a result, the IT department will offer technical assistance and creative ideas that add value to the company, allowing it to better carry out its commercial operations.
CASE UNDERSTANDING: Manoj Singh and Parth Mittal are college friends. Both of them completed their B.Tech from Bengaluru (Karnataka).While doing job., Manoj who was closely associated with the R&D of his Air Quality company, had developed a concept of a hybrid product. After some time,Manoj and Parth resigned from their respective jobs and formed a Private Limited Company in Bengaluru, named, PM Clean Air Solutions Private Limited (PMCASPL). Both friends were Directors in the company with 50% equity stake with each of them. The final product developed, consisted of 3 separate units of which two were physical units and one was software, which were all synced as one single device. The units are as: Air Sense, Air Quality Management System (AQMS), Air Loop.
BCS SOLUTION SUMMARY: Problem faced by Company- As company’s final product is contain 2 main parts as physical unit and one part as software unit. So, for maintaining the quality of product and inventing new terms in device for fast and pure performance in future. We required skill employee and to expand business in other cities we required best sales executive for business marketing.
CASE UNDERSTANDING: PM Clean Air Solutions Private Limited (PMCASPL) is founded by directors Mr. Manoj Singh and Mr. Parth Mittal. Manoj devised a concept for a hybrid device that can monitor, manage, and suggest combinations to improve the air quality as Manoj was closely involved with the research and development of the air quality company in which he was employed earlier. Parth has been employed by the shipping firm in Kolkata. They both quit their respective occupation in public and decided to start PMCASPL with 50% equity investment by both of them respectively. After considerable work, research and investment utilization, they created the final product prototype containing 3 units. As their idea and prototype was well detailed, t They received investments totalling 10 Crore (INR) from a venture capitalist (SAIF Capital) and another 10 Crore (INR) from angel investors on a show with 5% equity. Being the consulting firm hired by the PMCASPL, we are tasked with providing them with advice on their project with creative and insightful contributions for the financial year 2022–2023 where the allocated budget is 10 Crore (INR). We have been tasked with providing the company with advice on how to set up new production and maintain distribution, define price/financial strategy, develop a marketing plan, and strategy for operations, human resources, and information technology.
BCS SOLUTION SUMMARY: The solution aims to analyze the market for the PMCASPL Air purifier system and come up with an extensive marketing strategy/plan for the company. The solution highlights the analysis of the product, go to market strategy, proper segmentation, targeting and positioning of the product, development of marketing mix strategy, brand establishment and future projection of the company in the minds of the customers and how the sales can be enhances using these strategies.
Business Case 09 - Plan and Proposal for Waste to Wealth for Green Wealth Pvt Ltd by Human Resource Department- Submission Date & Time : 2021-04-03 10:59:34 Submitted By : APURWA SHARMA - From Team Edison
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission of Submitted By : Lingraj Meher - From Team Wright | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 03:32:32
AIRWAY Drone Service Delivery – On Time, Every Time -HR Recruitment & Training Plan
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission of Submitted By : Sasturkar Gauri Gajendra - From Team Wright | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 11:02:13
To achieve Break-Even within first year of operations, Brand Establishment and Innovation in processes and product to become Market leader
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission of Submitted By : Akanksha Nitin Raipatrewar - From Team Wright | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 11:07:28
Rank based approach to achieve financial efficiency
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission - Submitted By : Ayushi Gupta - From Team Sarabhai | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 10:55:14
Team Sarabhai - B-Plan
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission - Submitted By : Omkar Dashetwar - From Team Sarabhai | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 11:01:15
Financial Planning and Budget
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission - Submitted By : Priyanka Tiwari - From Team Edison | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 10:59:01
Recruitment and Training of the Drone Operations Department
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission - Submitted By : APURWA SHARMA - From Team Edison | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 11:02:12
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Proposal and Plan for Waste to Wealth Scheme - BCS 09 Final
1. Green Wealth Pvt. Ltd.
‘Waste to Wealth’ Project
Plan and Proposal
Introduction – About Bhopal City
Madhya Pradesh is a large state having status of 5th most populous state in
India. M.P. has 378 urban local Bodies (ULB). 55% of State’s gross domestic
product has been generated by population living in urban areas. Bhopal is
the capital city of the state of Madhya Pradesh and is the administrative
headquarters of both Bhopal District and Bhopal Division. Bhopal was
selected amongst all the Indian cities to be developed as a ‘Smart city’ under
PM Modi’s flagship ‘Smart Cities Mission’. The population of the Bhopal city
(the area under Bhopal Municipal Corporation) is 1,798,218, with 936,168
males and 862,050 females. The population of the Bhopal metropolitan area
(the urban agglomeration that extends beyond Bhopal city) is 1,886,100
according to the last census data.
Bhopal Development Authority is the apex body for planning and co-
ordination of development activities in the Madhya Pradesh, which consists
of Bhopal and its influence area, and was set up in 1976 under the Bhopal
Development Authority Act, 1974. System of solid waste disposal in urban
areas is governed by the municipality under the Municipal Solid Wastes
(Management and Handling) Rules 2000. These rules have been framed
under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. The city of Bhopal generates
900 tons of solid waste. As of 2018, only 1.5% of this waste is segregated,
thereby making waste segregation a serious concern within Bhopal. While
the municipality website states that door-to-door collection was started by
BMC at each zone, the Free Press Journal has reported in 2020 that the civic
body has failed in the same. Bhopal has 8 transfer stations, where the
garbage collected zone wise is dumped, and without any segregation, the
waste is transferred to the Adampur Chhawni landfill site. In 2019, it was
announced that India's first e-waste clinic was being set up in Bhopal. BMC
along with Central Pollution Control Board came together to establish this
clinic which will enable segregation, processing and disposal of waste, both
2. residential and commercial. In January 2020, the clinic was inaugurated for
operations. It started initially as a three-month pilot and if the pilot is
successful, the clinics will be opened in other places as well.
Solid Waste Management: A Severe Challenge
An increase in solid waste is observed because of increase in urbanization,
population density, and income. The growth of industry, commercial units
such as hotels, theatres, restaurants, malls are rising in leaps and bounds.
Such units are positively contributing to the solid waste generation. Solid
waste collection, segregation and disposal capacity of Municipal
Corporations is low and inadequate with the rising solid waste. Therefore,
municipal corporations are aiming to adopt scientific methods for collection,
segregation, and disposal of solid waste. Municipal Corporation is required
to collaborate with the private sector for investment and effective
management of solid waste.
Improper and unorganized disposal of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in open
areas and landfills have a negative impact on the living conditions of human
beings as well as the overall environment. It results in spread of
communicable and non-communicable diseases among human beings and
animals, thus affecting the welfare, livelihood and economic productivity. In
addition, it causes contaminations of soil, surface water, ground water and
generation of toxic and green-house gases. Hence, a systematic, scientific,
and tech-enabled mechanism is required for solid waste management
through creating wealth from waste.
Problem before Government of Madhya Pradesh
In Smaller Urban Local Bodies (ULB’s) where waste generation is 5 to 10
Metric Ton per Day (TPD), current waste management practices has become
inefficient and financially nonviable, due to excessive cost as well as non-
availability of land in smaller ULB’s. Government wants to make waste
management processes to become efficient & financially viable and thus
plan to establish region wise integrated waste management facilities
covering nearby ULB’s. Project involves primary and secondary collection of
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated within urban local bodies.
3. Sources, Waste Generators, and Components of Municipal Solid Waste
Generated in Bhopal City
Source Waste Generators Components of Solid Waste
Residential
Single as well as Multi-
Family
Food Waste, Paper,
Cardboard, Plastics, Textiles,
Glass, Metals, Ashes, Tires,
Electronics, Batteries,
Household Hazardous
Wastes
Commercial
Office Buildings, Stores,
Hotels, Restaurants,
Market Areas
Paper, Cardboard, Plastic,
Wood, Food Waste, Glass,
Metals, Special Wastes,
Hazardous Wastes
Institutional
Schools, Government
Centers, Hospitals
Paper, Cardboard, Plastic,
Wood, Food Waste, Glass,
Metals, Special Wastes,
Hazardous Wastes
Wastes from
Public Services
Street Cleaning,
Landscaping, Parks,
Beaches, Recreational
Areas
Street Sweeping, Landscape
and Tree Trimmings, General
Wastes from parks,
beaches, and other
recreational areas
Miscellaneous
Construction and
Demolition Waste
Inert Material – Rock,
Concrete, Brick, Stone, Earth
Non-Inert Material – Plastic,
Packaging Waste, Paints,,
etc.
Classification of Components of Solid Wastes generated in Bhopal City into
Distinct Categories
Waste Categories Average % in Overall Waste
Organic 54.35%
Plastic 12.83%
Paper 6.94%
4. Mixed* 10.82%
Metal 1.1%
Glass 2.12%
Construction and Demolition Waste 11%
E-waste 0.84%
Total 100.00%
*Note: Mixed waste includes Wood, Cotton/Textiles, Rubber, and Leather
‘Waste to Wealth’ Scheme
This mission identifies, develops, and deploys technologies to treat waste to
generate energy, recycle materials, and extract worth. The ‘Waste-to-
Energy’ and ‘Waste Management’ market in India is set to be a USD 14 billion
opportunity by the year 2025. The population of 1.3 billion in India currently
generates 62 million tons of municipal solid waste per year. And by 2027,
India is set to become the world’s most populous country as per projections
of the United Nations. At this exponential population and urban growth
rate, the availability of landfill will be a serious issue confronting the nation.
54.35%
12.83%
6.94%
10.82%
1.10%
2.12%
11%
0.84%
Share of Different Waste Categories within Bhopal
Organic
Plastic
Paper
Mixed*
Metal
Glass
Construction and
Demolition Waste
E-waste
5. Though rapid urbanization presents a humungous challenge, with the right
policy framework and action, this challenge can be turned into a golden
opportunity. The scale of opportunity can be imagined from the fact that
India has the potential to generate 3GW of electricity from waste by 2050.
Keeping the potential of waste management in consideration, the ‘Waste to
Wealth Mission’ aims to identify and support the development of new
technologies that promise to create a clean and green environment. The
mission will assist and augment the Swachh Bharat and Smart Cities projects
by leveraging science, technology, and innovation to create circular
economic models that are financially viable for waste management to
streamline waste handling in the country.
Objectives of Waste to Wealth Scheme
About: Green Wealth Pvt. Ltd. – It is a private limited company situated in
Bhopal. It is a waste management company carrying out its business
operations since 1998. Up until 2000, it was dealing only in Industrial Waste
Management. The company wishes to expand its operations into Municipal
Solid Waste Management within Bhopal city in collaboration with the M.P.
Government.
Mission: Sustainable Waste Management to ensure Economic Growth and
Well-being of all stakeholders by fostering strong institution and strategic
To identify and support the development of new technologies that can
help create a cleaner and greener environment
To boost and augment the Swachh Bharat Mission and Smart Cities
Project by leveraging science, technology and innovation
To create circular economic models that are financially viable for
waste management
To streamline waste handling in India
1
2
3
4
6. collaborations
Vision: To become an industry leader in solid waste management and a
strong contributor to sustainable growth of Bhopal City
Steps proposed to be involved in Waste Collection and Segregation
o A resident lives in a house in Bhopal. He discards his household waste
into four separately colored dustbins (red, blue, yellow, and green)
o Every morning, a garbage picker comes to his door with differently
colored bags
o The garbage picker puts the garbage of one dustbin into a bag of the
same color. That means the red dustbin waste goes into red bag of
garbage picker and so on
o The garbage picker does the same for all houses in a society and then
goes to a set of large garbage bins (Community Bins) placed outside
the society
o There will be four differently colored community bins. Garbage picker
empties his red bag into red community bin, blue bag into blue
community bin, and green bag into green community bin
o The community bins are equipped with IoT sensors and when they are
almost full, they relay an alert to our office, asking for emptying them
o All such alerts over a day are stored in the well-maintained database
o Then, every morning at 5 AM, our company will check which all
community bins should be emptied. All these community bins will be
located on a map and an optimized route will be planned for our
garbage trucks to go and empty them
o The trucks, carrying all the segregated wastes, will come back to our
facility, where the segregated waste will be again sorted and checked
(just in case some unsegregated waste has made its way into our
bins!)
o Checking how well the households have done the segregation at
source will be the responsibility of the garbage collectors who will be
adequately compensated for the same. All those households, who will
7. continually display the habit of segregation at source, will be
incentivized by the company. Cash is the incentive for lower and
middle-income households. This will be monitored by the garbage
collector. For higher-income households, different vouchers (food
vouchers, medical vouchers, etc.) will be provided by the company
o The households/customers will certainly be able to see on mobile app,
whether the community bins are being serviced well or not by our
company
o The collected waste goes to different recycling centers and plants for
processing and decomposition so that these can be put to the optimal
use. Trained specialists and recyclers work on this material to create
wealth in a plethora of different ways
A robust framework for creating wealth from diverse waste categories
C
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L
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S
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U
S
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R
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D
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C
E
WASTE
BIODEGRADABLE
NON-BIODEGRADABLE
NATURE
HAZARDOUS
RESOURCE
RECYCLABLE
NON-RECYCLABLE
RESOURCE
WEALTH
HAZARDOUS
8. Processing of Different Waste Categories: Waste to Wealth Strategies
Organic Waste: Organic waste is any material that is biodegradable and
comes from either a plant or an animal. Examples of organic waste include
green waste, food waste, food-soiled paper, non-hazardous wood waste,
green waste, and landscape and pruning waste. There are two strategies of
converting organic waste into wealth that the company aims to incorporate:
a) Conversion into Manure: The organic waste, primarily the food waste,
is converted into safe organic fertilizer and agro-protein with the use
of technology. In order to reduce the amount of solid waste to be
dumped into the landfills, the composting process is carried out that
coverts organic waste into manure. The manure is sold to the farmers
at subsidized rates (in collaboration with government) for agricultural
purposes, thereby creating all the benefits of Triple Bottom Line
Framework: Economic (Profit), Social (People), and Environmental
(Planet). By preventing organic waste from getting into the landfill,
composting projects reduce landfill gas methane emissions, and this
reduction can be claimed as emissions reductions and sold to the
carbon fund. Composting results in an economic and rapid solution
that can be easily implemented and can result in carbon credits.
9. b) Biomethanation Power Project: The purpose of the ‘Biomethanation
Plant’ is to utilize organic waste and produce biogas to be used as fuel
in gas based engines. Not only will this plant help in making use of
biomass wastes into energy, it will also replace the use of fossil fuels
that would have been used for power generation in the absence of
the plant. Waste disposal, which is a serious concern (since it requires
large dumping lands and can also lead to foul odor and pollution), will
also be addressed as an integral part of the project. The plant will be
set up through seeking financial assistance from the government for
initial few years. The Biogas power project has generated additional
employment for over 50 local associates in the power generation and
fertilizer unit. The project reduces carbon footprint by converting
methane to energy and improves soil health by generating good
quality organic manure. By generating electrical energy and
refrigeration along with heat recovery, the project has significantly
lowered fossil fuel dependency. Any technology that reduces the
dependence on fossil fuels is a significant eco-friendly technology that
can be touted as being highly essential. This is because fossil fuels
such as petroleum, coal and natural gas are actually stored carbons
present deep in the earth. Their sudden use as fossil fuels exhausts
these carbons directly into the atmosphere greatly increasing CO2
levels in the atmosphere. Thus, it is an environmentally friendly and
socially responsible project that is a highly sustainable venture. It
creates all the benefits of Triple Bottom Line Framework: Economic
(Profit), Social (People), and Environmental (Planet).
Note: - The company, in consultation with the Government, will decide
which route to take to scale the operations of the business in the
subsequent years based on the payoff calculations.
Plastic: The plastic waste category can further be bifurcated into Single-use
plastic and other types of plastics.
a) Single-use plastics: The single-use plastic is segregated separately and
then this plastic is processed separately. The plastic is shredded and
processed into bales. Plastic bales are used in road construction and
cement factories. Single use plastics can also be used to make PVC
10. pipes. Such resources can be sold in the market or can be leveraged in
infrastructure projects led by the government.
b) Other types of plastics: Different types of plastics retrieved from a
wide range of discarded devices, and products will be leveraged to
produce a resource, i.e. wealth. The plastic will be transformed and
recycled to become novel electrical wall switches. These electrical
switches will be sold in the market at retail prices and will bring in a
steady flow of revenue stream for the company. This will reduce the
amount of hard plastic ending up on dumpsites while stimulating the
local economy. This is a sustainable waste management solution that
will help in environmental protection while earning profits ethically
and sustainably.
Mixed Waste (Paper, Wood, Cotton/Textiles, Rubber, Leather, and other Corrugated
Materials): This will be used to create Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF). This fuel is
produced from combustible components. This waste, usually taken from
commercial sites, is shred, dried, baled, and then finally burnt to produce
electricity. Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) is a renewable energy source that
ensures waste isn’t thrown into a landfill and is instead, put to good use.
This project is highly cost-intensive that calls for initial assistance from the
government authorities as a part of PPP arrangement. Although it is an
expensive proposition, it is a scalable alternative that also requires strategic
collaborations with coal fired power plants, lime plants, and/or cement
plants. Materials such as glass and metals are removed during the treatment
processing since they are non-combustible. The metal is removed using a
magnet and the glass using mechanical screening. After that, an air knife is
used to separate the light materials from the heavy ones. The light materials
have higher calorific value and they create the final RDF. The heavy materials
will usually continue to a landfill. The residual material can be sold in its
processed form (depending on the process treatment) as a plain mixture or
it may be compressed into pellet fuel, bricks, or logs and used for other
purposes either stand-alone or in a recursive recycling process. The
production of RDF involves the following steps: Bag splitting/Shredding, Size
screening, Magnetic Separation, Density Separation, Coarse shredding, and
Refining separation by infrared separation. RDF can be used in a variety of
11. ways to produce electricity or as a replacement of fossil fuels. It can be used
alongside traditional sources of fuel in coal power plants. This model has
been immensely successful in a lot of countries, including Israel, Iowa, UAE,
Campania, and others. This creates a positive environmental impact by
reducing the need of the landfill, thereby contributing towards ‘Triple
Bottom Line’ framework dimensions.
Construction and Demolition Wastes (C&D Wastes): The C&D wastes
include both inert as well as non-inert waste materials. However, it
comprises mostly of inert and non-biodegradable materials such as sand,
gravel, concrete, bricks, rocks, stones, and earth. These wastes are heavy,
bulky, and have high density and usually take up loads of land and space.
These wastes can be used as landfill, base or sub-base in road construction,
embankment fill, and railway ballast and most importantly in aggregate
replacement method for the formation of recycled concrete. Utilization of
sludge in the making of light weight, artificial aggregate and cement like
properties is a win-win strategy as it not only recycles the waste product,
but also alleviates the problem of waste disposal. Recycling such wastes by
incorporating them into building materials is a practical solution for
pollution problem. Producing bricks with sludge and C&D materials is not
only environment-friendly, but also has better quality than normal bricks in
terms of plasticity, weight, and fuel saved. It has a growing market which
can increase the revenues of the company multiple times. The Construction
and Demolition waste can be handled in the following ways:
o Reuse – Reuse materials like wood, steel, plastics, etc.
o Recycle – Produce materials from waste like aggregates, ready mix
concrete, etc.
o Recover – Channelize waste to energy incineration plants thereby
ensuring land recovery
o Landfill – This is the last resort for dumping C&D Waste
E-waste, Glass, Metals, and other Miscellaneous Waste Categories: These
are sold off in bulk to village level recyclers and artisans and hence become a
source of revenue for the company.
12. Wealth Creation through CSR initiatives: Executing a hyper-local strategy by
creating an open space for people to meet around cultural, social and
environmental events. The building’s main walls will be constructed using
old car tyres, and aluminium cans, thereby reducing the need for cement.
This also stabilizes the indoor temperature during the warm summers and
cold winters, reducing energy demand. Rain water harvesting and the
treatment and use of sewage are used for irrigation, and there is an active
botanical cell inside the building.
Another strategy is creating a social-tech organization providing solutions to
fight food waste and minimize waste generation. This will aim to create a
food donation network, connecting private establishments and NGOs with
people living in socio-economically precarious conditions through an
innovative mobile application. The organization will also raise awareness
around the issue of food waste through the publication of content such as
full-use ingredient recipes, aiming to positively impact public policy.
Department-level plans for execution of Waste to Wealth Scheme
1. Marketing
According to market research, Bhopal is developing at a high pace and
as a result the waste generated by the city is skyrocketing which has
made the current waste management system inefficient. Many
housing and infrastructural projects have been planned in the city
which will lead to high demand of construction material, food and
energy in the future.
Keeping in mind the limited land availability in Bhopal and the hazards
of landfill, 2 Bin 1 Bag systems will be introduced which will lead to
segregation at source which will lead to faster processing of waste.
Waste will be converted into bricks, paver, compost and refused
derived fuel which will be used in construction projects, farms, power
plants and kilns.
The company will emphasize on high value, high-quality products and
services to create a relationship-oriented business which maximizes
resource value, while minimizing environmental impact for sustainable
development of the society.
13. A two- fold promotion strategy will be employed in which the prior
will focus on creating awareness about the need of efficient waste
management and creating brand name while the latter will focus on
teaching how to segregate and, marketing the product & changes
that the company has brought.
The marketing strategy at the introduction stage will focus on reliance
on existing brand name and trust the company has, keeping prices
low by maintaining lean cost structure and selective distribution while
promotions build enough awareness that the product enters into
growth stage and will be aimed towards the households.
In growth stage the strategy will evolve to increasing product utility,
maintaining high demand and decreasing lead time. Promotions will
more product preference specific and will be aimed towards
businesses and institutions. Adaption and innovation of product
according to customer needs will extend growth stage of the product
and allow the company to provide maximum utility.
The app will used to maintain transparency with the customer and
other stakeholders and improve their quality of life with features like
notification when garbage collector is at the door, optimized route for
garbage collection van, option to buy products made by the company
and to donate to NGOs which are working with us to uplift the
marginalized communities. This in turn will make the consumer feel as
a vital stakeholder and an integral part of the process and therefore
will positively reinforce him/her to adhere to segregation guidelines
for the welfare of the society and environment.
2. IT (Information Technology) and Operations
The entire waste to wealth management system will be grounded in
strong technological capabilities and use of cutting-edge technical
capabilities in integrated waste management. The entire operational
flow will be as follows:
14. Our customers will be primarily of four types, namely households,
corporate houses, institutions (hospitals, schools, restaurants, etc.)
and public services (parks, parking lots, bus stand, etc.)
Each entity will be provided with four colored dustbins, as described
below:
Organic waste
Green dustbin:
Red dustbin: Toxic waste, e-waste, metal
Dry inorganic waste
Blue dustbin:
Wet inorganic waste
Yellow dustbin:
o This distribution of colored dustbins for 'waste segregation at
source' will be conducted by the Municipal Corporation of
Bhopal
o Waste from each entity will be discarded into the colored
dustbins Every morning, a garbage picker will come to his door
with four similarly colored bags
o The garbage picker will put the garbage of one dustbin into a
bag of the same color. That means the red dustbin waste goes
into red bag of garbage picker
o The garbage picker will do the same for all houses in a society
and then proceed to a set of large garbage bins (let's call them
community bins) placed outside the society
o There will be four differently colored community bins. Garbage
picker empties his red bag into red community bin, blue bag into
blue community bin, and so on
o The community bins are equipped with IoT sensors and when
they are almost full, they relay an alert to our office, asking for
emptying them
o All such alerts over a day are stored in our database
o Then, every morning at 5am, Green Wealth Pvt. Ltd. (our
company) will check which all community bins are asking for
being emptied. All these community bins will be located on a
map and an optimized route will be planned for our garbage
trucks to go and empty them
15. o The garbage picking trucks will come back to our facility, where
the segregated waste will be again sorted and segregated (just
in case some unsegregated waste has made its way into our
bins)
o First the organic waste will be divided into two categories -
composting and Biomethanation. We will check every day how
much of composted manure is in demand by farmers around
Bhopal, and will accordingly set aside appropriate amount of
organic waste for composting
o Rest of the organic waste will go into Biomethanation plant,
where energy will be produced for lighting up the suburbs of
Bhopal
o The construction and demolition waste will be converted into
paver blocks, which will be used by municipal corporation for
building and mending the city roads
o Single-use plastic will be recycled into road paver blocks, while
other plastics will be converted into electrical switches
o Paper, plastic and glass waste will be sold in bulk to the village
level small enterprises that recycle them into paper plates, glass
bangles, plastic items, etc.
o We will enter into contract with these SME partners under
government's supervision. This way, we will be supporting grass
root level enterprises and will be supporting livelihood of
people in villages
o All other waste that cannot be recycled will go for incineration,
which will help produce energy
MIS Reporting:
All reporting will happen on MIS sheets. MIS reporting tools will
monitor the amount of waste generated in each block every day, the
number of Community Bins seeking attention, the value of recycled
goods generated, the timeliness of garbage picking trucks, the
emissions happening at our facilities and the returns of marketing
investments.
16. Corporate Social Responsibility:
We shall partner with few restaurants on pilot basis and give them an
app which helps them to donate their leftover food at the end of day.
Using the app, the restaurant owner can notify how much kilos of
leftover food is available and what time the pickup is needed. Our
personnel will reach the restaurant and pack the leftover food, which
will be donated at shelter homes and orphanages that partner with
us. This will retain the best value of food, rather than redirecting it
into composting or Biomethanation.
Tech-enabled workflow and monitoring is mentioned below:
3. HR (Human Resources)The following is the organizational structure
recommended as a part of the HR plan for this new division of Solid
Waste Management:
17. The other action points to be initiated by the HR include the following:
o Hiring and Recruitment: External Recruitment for Division Head
- Solid Waste Manager – 1 position, Solid Waste Engineers – 4
positions, Safety Trainer – 1 position, Legal Counsel – 1 position,
and Training Instructor – 1 position. Rest all the positions will be
internally recruited.
o Training and Development: A specialized training and
development will be conducted for the solid waste manager
(Division Head), and for the engineers.
o Performance Evaluation: KRAs and KPIs will be set up for each
personnel across each department, against which their
performance will be evaluated from time-to-time and targets of
the company as a whole will be tied to these KRAs and KPIs
accordingly.
4. Finance
18. The following documents have been carefully prepared by the Finance
team for the optimal procurement and usage of funds for various
projects:
o Income Statement
o Cash Flow Model for Capital Investment
o Operations and Management Costs
o Revenue Statements
o Statement of Assumptions
o Statement of Expansion Cost Estimations
19.
20. The cost estimations and the capital budgeting techniques applied
showcase a situation of positive Net Present Value (NPV) of the initiative,
with the discount rate of 4%. This implies that the project is worth pursing
on a longer term basis through scaling the operations of the same. The
detailed assumptions and explanation to each figure under each schedule
is presented in the Financial Plan, prepared by the Finance Team.
Timeline to be financially self-sufficient (with more robust details in
financial plan prepared by the Finance Team):
21. Outcomes and Conclusion:
1. Accomplishing Triple Bottom Line
The company intends to accomplish triple bottom line through earning
profits and positive NPV from wealth creation in an ethical way. The
company intends to create clean, green, and hygienic environment for
people while also increasing their employment opportunities. Further,
by sustainable waste management strategies, it intends to create
positive impact on environment and ecology, thereby achieving
‘SUSTAINABILITY’ in its true sense.
2. Stakeholder Theory Fulfillment
22. The company intends to discharge its responsibilities towards all the
stakeholders including suppliers, workers, consumers, local
community, society, and government through its ethical and
sustainable business practices. It tries to fulfill its CSR (Corporate Social
Responsibility) through its operations by helping all the stakeholders
co-create value with the company’s business objectives.
3. Achieving Circular Economy in true spirit
The company aims to arrive at a zero waste stage wherein it creates an
economic system that eliminates waste, and ensures continual use of
resources in the process of further production or wealth creation for
the society at large.
4. Accomplishment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by United
Nations
23. Through the robust circular economy and municipal waste
management, the company will also achieve a lot of UN Sustainable
Development Goals which will further establish it as a credible, and
sustainable company across the globe. Some of the SDGs that are
directly associated with company’s operations include: 6,8,9,11,12,16, &
17.
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