Reid Wightman's presentation at AppSec DC 2012. Reid provides background and the lates on Digital Bond's Project Basecamp. New PLC exploit modules include a Stuxnet-type attack on the Modicon Quantum.
Balázs Bucsay - XFLTReaT: Building a Tunnelhacktivity
XFLTReaT is an open-source tunnelling framework that handles all the boring stuff and offers the capability to the users to take care of only those things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customised on all traffic and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop. In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP, RDP or SSH then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 12km on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunnelling. It will be show how to tunnel data over a Windows jumpbox utilising RDP (including the dirty low level "secrets") or how to exfiltrate data over ICMP from barely secured networks. We have simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunnelling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle. I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be richer with an open-source tool.
Trick or XFLTReaT a.k.a. Tunnel All The ThingsBalazs Bucsay
XFLTReaT presentation from RuxCon 2017
This presentation will sum up how to do tunnelling with different protocols and will have different perspectives detailed. For example, companies are fighting hard to block exfiltration from their network: they use http(s) proxies, DLP, IPS technologies to protect their data, but are they protected against tunnelling? There are so many interesting questions to answer for users, abusers, companies and malware researchers. Mitigation and bypass techniques will be shown you during this presentation, which can be used to filter any tunnelling on your network or to bypass misconfigured filters.
Our new tool XFLTReaT is an open-source tunnelling framework that handles all the boring stuff and gives users the capability to take care of only the things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customised on all traffic and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop. In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP type 0 or HTTPS TLS v1.2 with a special header, then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 33000ft on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunnelling. While we needed to use different tunnels and VPNs for different protocols in the past like OpenVPN for TCP and UDP, ptunnel for ICMP or iodined for DNS tunnelling, it changes now. After taking a look at these tools it was easy to see some commonality, all of them are doing the same things only the means of communication are different. We simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunnelling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle. I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be richer with an open-source tool.
XFLTReaT: A New Dimension in Tunneling (Shakacon 2017)Balazs Bucsay
XFLTReaT presentation from Shakacon 2017
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfqNVXHz0hU
This presentation will sum up how to do tunneling with different protocols and will have different perspectives detailed. For example, companies are fighting hard to block exfiltration from their network: they use http(s) proxies, DLP, IPS technologies to protect their data, but are they protected against tunneling? There are so many interesting questions to answer for users, abusers, companies and malware researchers. Mitigation and bypass techniques will be shown you during this presentation, which can be used to filter any tunneling on your network or to bypass misconfigured filters.
Our new tool XFLTReaT is an open-source tunneling framework that handles all the boring stuff and gives users the capability to take care of only the things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customized on all traffic and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop. In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP type 0 or HTTPS TLS v1.2 with a special header, then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 33000ft on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunneling. While we needed to use different tunnels and VPNs for different protocols in the past like OpenVPN for TCP and UDP, ptunnel for ICMP or iodined for DNS tunneling, it changes now. After taking a look at these tools it was easy to see some commonality, all of them are doing the same things only the means of communication are different. We simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunneling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle. I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be richer with an open-source tool.
XFLTReaT: a new dimension in tunnelling (BruCON 0x09 2017)Balazs Bucsay
XFLTReaT presentation from BruCON 0x09 2017
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0hnxgu8lkfc
This presentation will sum up how to do tunnelling with different protocols and will have different perspectives detailed. For example, companies are fighting hard to block exfiltration from their network: they use http(s) proxies, DLP, IPS technologies to protect their data, but are they protected against tunnelling? There are so many interesting questions to answer for users, abusers, companies and malware researchers. Mitigation and bypass techniques will be shown you during this presentation, which can be used to filter any tunnelling on your network or to bypass misconfigured filters.
Our new tool XFLTReaT is an open-source tunnelling framework that handles all the boring stuff and gives users the capability to take care of only the things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customised on all traffic and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop. In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP type 0 or HTTPS TLS v1.2 with a special header, then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 33000ft on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunnelling. While we needed to use different tunnels and VPNs for different protocols in the past like OpenVPN for TCP and UDP, ptunnel for ICMP or iodined for DNS tunnelling, it changes now. After taking a look at these tools it was easy to see some commonality, all of them are doing the same things only the means of communication are different. We simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunnelling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle. I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be richer with an open-source tool.
XFLTReaT: A New Dimension In Tunnelling (DeepSec 2017)Balazs Bucsay
XFLTReaT presentation from DeepSec 2017
This presentation will sum up how to do tunnelling with different protocols and will feature different perspectives in detail. For example, companies are fighting hard to block exfiltration from their network: They use http(s) proxies, DLP, IPS technologies to protect their data, but are they protected against tunnelling? There are so many interesting questions to answer for users, abusers, companies and malware researchers. During this presentation we'll show you some mitigation and bypass techniques, which can be used to filter any tunnelling on your network or to bypass misconfigured filters.
Our new tool XFLTReaT is an open-source tunnelling framework that handles all the boring stuff and gives users the capability to take care of only the things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customised on all traffic, and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop.
In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP type 0 or HTTPS TLS v1.2 with a special header, then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 33000ft on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunnelling. While we needed to use different tunnels and VPNs for different protocols in the past, like OpenVPN for TCP and UDP, ptunnel for ICMP or iodined for DNS tunnelling, this changes now:
After taking a look at these tools it was easy to see some commonality. All of them are doing the same things only the means of communication are different. We simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunnelling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, so there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle.
I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be an open-source tool richer.
Balázs Bucsay - XFLTReaT: Building a Tunnelhacktivity
XFLTReaT is an open-source tunnelling framework that handles all the boring stuff and offers the capability to the users to take care of only those things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customised on all traffic and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop. In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP, RDP or SSH then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 12km on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunnelling. It will be show how to tunnel data over a Windows jumpbox utilising RDP (including the dirty low level "secrets") or how to exfiltrate data over ICMP from barely secured networks. We have simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunnelling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle. I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be richer with an open-source tool.
Trick or XFLTReaT a.k.a. Tunnel All The ThingsBalazs Bucsay
XFLTReaT presentation from RuxCon 2017
This presentation will sum up how to do tunnelling with different protocols and will have different perspectives detailed. For example, companies are fighting hard to block exfiltration from their network: they use http(s) proxies, DLP, IPS technologies to protect their data, but are they protected against tunnelling? There are so many interesting questions to answer for users, abusers, companies and malware researchers. Mitigation and bypass techniques will be shown you during this presentation, which can be used to filter any tunnelling on your network or to bypass misconfigured filters.
Our new tool XFLTReaT is an open-source tunnelling framework that handles all the boring stuff and gives users the capability to take care of only the things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customised on all traffic and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop. In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP type 0 or HTTPS TLS v1.2 with a special header, then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 33000ft on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunnelling. While we needed to use different tunnels and VPNs for different protocols in the past like OpenVPN for TCP and UDP, ptunnel for ICMP or iodined for DNS tunnelling, it changes now. After taking a look at these tools it was easy to see some commonality, all of them are doing the same things only the means of communication are different. We simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunnelling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle. I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be richer with an open-source tool.
XFLTReaT: A New Dimension in Tunneling (Shakacon 2017)Balazs Bucsay
XFLTReaT presentation from Shakacon 2017
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfqNVXHz0hU
This presentation will sum up how to do tunneling with different protocols and will have different perspectives detailed. For example, companies are fighting hard to block exfiltration from their network: they use http(s) proxies, DLP, IPS technologies to protect their data, but are they protected against tunneling? There are so many interesting questions to answer for users, abusers, companies and malware researchers. Mitigation and bypass techniques will be shown you during this presentation, which can be used to filter any tunneling on your network or to bypass misconfigured filters.
Our new tool XFLTReaT is an open-source tunneling framework that handles all the boring stuff and gives users the capability to take care of only the things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customized on all traffic and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop. In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP type 0 or HTTPS TLS v1.2 with a special header, then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 33000ft on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunneling. While we needed to use different tunnels and VPNs for different protocols in the past like OpenVPN for TCP and UDP, ptunnel for ICMP or iodined for DNS tunneling, it changes now. After taking a look at these tools it was easy to see some commonality, all of them are doing the same things only the means of communication are different. We simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunneling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle. I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be richer with an open-source tool.
XFLTReaT: a new dimension in tunnelling (BruCON 0x09 2017)Balazs Bucsay
XFLTReaT presentation from BruCON 0x09 2017
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0hnxgu8lkfc
This presentation will sum up how to do tunnelling with different protocols and will have different perspectives detailed. For example, companies are fighting hard to block exfiltration from their network: they use http(s) proxies, DLP, IPS technologies to protect their data, but are they protected against tunnelling? There are so many interesting questions to answer for users, abusers, companies and malware researchers. Mitigation and bypass techniques will be shown you during this presentation, which can be used to filter any tunnelling on your network or to bypass misconfigured filters.
Our new tool XFLTReaT is an open-source tunnelling framework that handles all the boring stuff and gives users the capability to take care of only the things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customised on all traffic and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop. In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP type 0 or HTTPS TLS v1.2 with a special header, then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 33000ft on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunnelling. While we needed to use different tunnels and VPNs for different protocols in the past like OpenVPN for TCP and UDP, ptunnel for ICMP or iodined for DNS tunnelling, it changes now. After taking a look at these tools it was easy to see some commonality, all of them are doing the same things only the means of communication are different. We simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunnelling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle. I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be richer with an open-source tool.
XFLTReaT: A New Dimension In Tunnelling (DeepSec 2017)Balazs Bucsay
XFLTReaT presentation from DeepSec 2017
This presentation will sum up how to do tunnelling with different protocols and will feature different perspectives in detail. For example, companies are fighting hard to block exfiltration from their network: They use http(s) proxies, DLP, IPS technologies to protect their data, but are they protected against tunnelling? There are so many interesting questions to answer for users, abusers, companies and malware researchers. During this presentation we'll show you some mitigation and bypass techniques, which can be used to filter any tunnelling on your network or to bypass misconfigured filters.
Our new tool XFLTReaT is an open-source tunnelling framework that handles all the boring stuff and gives users the capability to take care of only the things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customised on all traffic, and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop.
In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP type 0 or HTTPS TLS v1.2 with a special header, then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 33000ft on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunnelling. While we needed to use different tunnels and VPNs for different protocols in the past, like OpenVPN for TCP and UDP, ptunnel for ICMP or iodined for DNS tunnelling, this changes now:
After taking a look at these tools it was easy to see some commonality. All of them are doing the same things only the means of communication are different. We simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunnelling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, so there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle.
I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be an open-source tool richer.
Optimizing the Design and Implementation of KVM/ARM - SFO17-403Linaro
Session ID: SFO17-403
Session Name: Optimizing the Design and Implementation of KVM/ARM - SFO17-403
Speaker: Christoffer Dall
Track: Virtualization
★ Session Summary ★
A key drawback in the use of full system virtualization is the performance penalty introduced by hypervisors. This problem is especially present on ARM, which has significantly higher overhead for some workloads compared to x86, due to differences in the hardware virtualization support. The key reason for the overhead on ARM is the need to multiplex kernel mode state between the hypervisor and VMs, which each run their own kernel. This talk will cover how we have redesigned and optimized KVM/ARM, resulting in an order of magnitude reduction in overhead, and resulted in less overhead than x86 on key hypervisor operations. Our optimizations rely on new hardware support in ARMv8.1, the Virtualization Host Extensions (VHE), but also support legacy hardware through invasive modifications to Linux to support running the kernel in the hypervisor-specific CPU mode, EL2
---------------------------------------------------
★ Resources ★
Event Page: http://connect.linaro.org/resource/sfo17/sfo17-403/
Presentation: https://www.slideshare.net/linaroorg/optimizing-the-design-and-implementation-of-kvmarm-sfo17403
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=foRxjfKQeas
---------------------------------------------------
★ Event Details ★
Linaro Connect San Francisco 2017 (SFO17)
25-29 September 2017
Hyatt Regency San Francisco Airport
---------------------------------------------------
Keyword:
'http://www.linaro.org'
'http://connect.linaro.org'
---------------------------------------------------
Follow us on Social Media
https://www.facebook.com/LinaroOrg
https://twitter.com/linaroorg
https://www.youtube.com/user/linaroorg?sub_confirmation=1
https://www.linkedin.com/company/1026961
Linux firmware for iRMC controller on Fujitsu Primergy serversVladimir Shakhov
Integrated Remote Management Controller aka iRMC (http://manuals.ts.fujitsu.com/file/11470/irmc-s4-ug-en.pdf) is a special-purpose ARM board, included in every Fujitsu Primergy server and actually running on GNU/Linux. Digging into the process of creation of iRMC firmware, significantly based on FOSS components, including Linux kernel, busybox, glibc, net-snmp and many others. Lecture covering technical details how its working, how to use OpenSource components together with propiertary code.
This presentation will sum up how to do tunnelling with different protocols and will have different perspectives detailed. For example, companies are fighting hard to block exfiltration from their network: they use http(s) proxies, DLP, IPS technologies to protect their data, but are they protected against tunnelling? There are so many interesting questions to answer for users, abusers, companies and malware researchers. Mitigation and bypass techniques will be shown you during this presentation, which can be used to filter any tunnelling on your network or to bypass misconfigured filters.
Dock ir incident response in a containerized, immutable, continually deploy...Shakacon
Incident response is generally predicated on the ability to examine a system post-breach, pull memory dumps, file system artifacts, system logs, etc. But what happens when that system was part of a fleet of containers? How do you pull a memory dump from an ephemeral container? How do you do forensics when the container and the host that ran the container have been gone for days? Even assuming you catch an intrusion while it's ongoing, how do you respond effectively if you can't access the systems in question because they are read-only, no SSH access? Coinbase has spent the last year attacking these challenges in a AWS-based, immutable and fully containerized infrastructure that stores over a billion dollars of digital currency. Come see how we do it.
XFLTReaT: A New Dimension in Tunnelling (HITB GSEC 2017)Balazs Bucsay
XFLTReaT presentation from Hack In The Box GSEC 2017
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6EU_RLb2YxI
XFLTReaT is an open-source tunnelling framework that handles all the boring stuff and gives users the capability to take care of only the things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customised on all traffic and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop. In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP type 0 or HTTPS TLS v1.2 with a special header, then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 33000ft on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunnelling. While we needed to use different tunnels and VPNs for different protocols in the past like OpenVPN for TCP and UDP, ptunnel for ICMP or iodined for DNS tunnelling, it changes now. After taking a look at these tools it was easy to see some commonality, all of them are doing the same things only the means of communication are different. We simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunnelling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle. I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be richer with an open-source tool.
Ведущий: Александр Попов
В настоящем докладе будет рассмотрен успешный опыт использования отладочного механизма KASan (Kernel address sanitizer) для автономного гипервизора. Докладчик расскажет, как удалось усилить KASan по сравнению с его реализацией в ядре Linux.
Andrea Righi - Spying on the Linux kernel for fun and profitlinuxlab_conf
Do you ever wonder what the kernel is doing while your code is running? This talk will explore some methodologies and techniques (eBPF, ftrace, etc.) to look under the hood of the Linux kernel and understand what it’s actually doing behind the scenes.
This talk explores methodologies that allow to take a look “live” at kernel internal operations, from a network perspective, to I/O paths, CPU usage, memory allocations, etc., using in-kernel technologies, like eBPF and ftrace. Understanding such kernel internals can be really helpful to track down performance bottlenecks, debug system failures and it can be also a very effective way to approach to kernel development.
Wherein I install OpenWRT on to an inexpensive TP-Link pocket router, install perl and attempt to smoke CPAN.
I also introduce OpenWRT in possibly too much detail, and dont really explain what smoking CPAN is.
ILP32 is a programming model that may be useful on AArch64 systems for performance and also for legacy code with 32-bit data size assumptions. We combined ILP32 support from upstream projects with the LEAP distribution to enable experimentation with this model. This talk discusses the relative benchmark performance of the LP64 and ILP32 programming models under AArch64.
Kernel Recipes 2014 - NDIV: a low overhead network traffic diverterAnne Nicolas
NDIV is a young, very simple, yet efficient network traffic diverter. Its purpose is to help build network applications that intercept packets at line rate with a very low processing overhead. A first example application is a stateless HTTP server reaching line rate on all packet sizes.
Willy Tarreau, HaproxyTech
Optimizing the Design and Implementation of KVM/ARM - SFO17-403Linaro
Session ID: SFO17-403
Session Name: Optimizing the Design and Implementation of KVM/ARM - SFO17-403
Speaker: Christoffer Dall
Track: Virtualization
★ Session Summary ★
A key drawback in the use of full system virtualization is the performance penalty introduced by hypervisors. This problem is especially present on ARM, which has significantly higher overhead for some workloads compared to x86, due to differences in the hardware virtualization support. The key reason for the overhead on ARM is the need to multiplex kernel mode state between the hypervisor and VMs, which each run their own kernel. This talk will cover how we have redesigned and optimized KVM/ARM, resulting in an order of magnitude reduction in overhead, and resulted in less overhead than x86 on key hypervisor operations. Our optimizations rely on new hardware support in ARMv8.1, the Virtualization Host Extensions (VHE), but also support legacy hardware through invasive modifications to Linux to support running the kernel in the hypervisor-specific CPU mode, EL2
---------------------------------------------------
★ Resources ★
Event Page: http://connect.linaro.org/resource/sfo17/sfo17-403/
Presentation: https://www.slideshare.net/linaroorg/optimizing-the-design-and-implementation-of-kvmarm-sfo17403
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=foRxjfKQeas
---------------------------------------------------
★ Event Details ★
Linaro Connect San Francisco 2017 (SFO17)
25-29 September 2017
Hyatt Regency San Francisco Airport
---------------------------------------------------
Keyword:
'http://www.linaro.org'
'http://connect.linaro.org'
---------------------------------------------------
Follow us on Social Media
https://www.facebook.com/LinaroOrg
https://twitter.com/linaroorg
https://www.youtube.com/user/linaroorg?sub_confirmation=1
https://www.linkedin.com/company/1026961
Linux firmware for iRMC controller on Fujitsu Primergy serversVladimir Shakhov
Integrated Remote Management Controller aka iRMC (http://manuals.ts.fujitsu.com/file/11470/irmc-s4-ug-en.pdf) is a special-purpose ARM board, included in every Fujitsu Primergy server and actually running on GNU/Linux. Digging into the process of creation of iRMC firmware, significantly based on FOSS components, including Linux kernel, busybox, glibc, net-snmp and many others. Lecture covering technical details how its working, how to use OpenSource components together with propiertary code.
This presentation will sum up how to do tunnelling with different protocols and will have different perspectives detailed. For example, companies are fighting hard to block exfiltration from their network: they use http(s) proxies, DLP, IPS technologies to protect their data, but are they protected against tunnelling? There are so many interesting questions to answer for users, abusers, companies and malware researchers. Mitigation and bypass techniques will be shown you during this presentation, which can be used to filter any tunnelling on your network or to bypass misconfigured filters.
Dock ir incident response in a containerized, immutable, continually deploy...Shakacon
Incident response is generally predicated on the ability to examine a system post-breach, pull memory dumps, file system artifacts, system logs, etc. But what happens when that system was part of a fleet of containers? How do you pull a memory dump from an ephemeral container? How do you do forensics when the container and the host that ran the container have been gone for days? Even assuming you catch an intrusion while it's ongoing, how do you respond effectively if you can't access the systems in question because they are read-only, no SSH access? Coinbase has spent the last year attacking these challenges in a AWS-based, immutable and fully containerized infrastructure that stores over a billion dollars of digital currency. Come see how we do it.
XFLTReaT: A New Dimension in Tunnelling (HITB GSEC 2017)Balazs Bucsay
XFLTReaT presentation from Hack In The Box GSEC 2017
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6EU_RLb2YxI
XFLTReaT is an open-source tunnelling framework that handles all the boring stuff and gives users the capability to take care of only the things that matter. It provides significant improvements over existing tools. From now on there is no need to write a new tunnel for each and every protocol or to deal with interfaces and routing. Any protocol can be converted to a module, which works in a plug-and-play fashion; authentication and encryption can be configured and customised on all traffic and it is also worth mentioning that the framework was designed to be easy to configure, use and develop. In case there is a need to send packets over ICMP type 0 or HTTPS TLS v1.2 with a special header, then this can be done in a matter of minutes, instead of developing a new tool from scratch. The potential use (or abuse) cases are plentiful, such as bypassing network restrictions of an ISP, the proxy of a workplace or obtaining Internet connectivity through bypassing captive portals in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean or at an altitude of 33000ft on an airplane.
This framework is not just a tool; it unites different technologies in the field of tunnelling. While we needed to use different tunnels and VPNs for different protocols in the past like OpenVPN for TCP and UDP, ptunnel for ICMP or iodined for DNS tunnelling, it changes now. After taking a look at these tools it was easy to see some commonality, all of them are doing the same things only the means of communication are different. We simplified the whole process and created a framework that is responsible for everything but the communication itself, we rethought the old way of tunnelling and tried to give something new to the community. After the initial setup the framework takes care of everything. With the check functionality we can even find out, which module can be used on the network, there is no need for any low-level packet fu and hassle. I guarantee that you won’t be disappointed with the tool and the talk, actually you will be richer with an open-source tool.
Ведущий: Александр Попов
В настоящем докладе будет рассмотрен успешный опыт использования отладочного механизма KASan (Kernel address sanitizer) для автономного гипервизора. Докладчик расскажет, как удалось усилить KASan по сравнению с его реализацией в ядре Linux.
Andrea Righi - Spying on the Linux kernel for fun and profitlinuxlab_conf
Do you ever wonder what the kernel is doing while your code is running? This talk will explore some methodologies and techniques (eBPF, ftrace, etc.) to look under the hood of the Linux kernel and understand what it’s actually doing behind the scenes.
This talk explores methodologies that allow to take a look “live” at kernel internal operations, from a network perspective, to I/O paths, CPU usage, memory allocations, etc., using in-kernel technologies, like eBPF and ftrace. Understanding such kernel internals can be really helpful to track down performance bottlenecks, debug system failures and it can be also a very effective way to approach to kernel development.
Wherein I install OpenWRT on to an inexpensive TP-Link pocket router, install perl and attempt to smoke CPAN.
I also introduce OpenWRT in possibly too much detail, and dont really explain what smoking CPAN is.
ILP32 is a programming model that may be useful on AArch64 systems for performance and also for legacy code with 32-bit data size assumptions. We combined ILP32 support from upstream projects with the LEAP distribution to enable experimentation with this model. This talk discusses the relative benchmark performance of the LP64 and ILP32 programming models under AArch64.
Kernel Recipes 2014 - NDIV: a low overhead network traffic diverterAnne Nicolas
NDIV is a young, very simple, yet efficient network traffic diverter. Its purpose is to help build network applications that intercept packets at line rate with a very low processing overhead. A first example application is a stateless HTTP server reaching line rate on all packet sizes.
Willy Tarreau, HaproxyTech
Pre-production, Production & Post-production Process in 3D Animation Veetil Digital Service
Transforming virtual ideas into larger than life is 3D animations. Cutting-edge applications, digital marketing efforts, highest efficiency; The animation process can be classified into three stages.
BSides LV 2016 - Beyond the tip of the iceberg - fuzzing binary protocols for...Alexandre Moneger
This presentation shows that code coverage guided fuzzing is possible in the context of network daemon fuzzing.
Some fuzzers are blackbox while others are protocol aware. Even ones which are made protocol aware, fuzzer writers typically model the protocol specification and implement packet awareness logic in the fuzzer. Unfortunately, just because the fuzzer is protocol aware, it does not guarantee that sufficient code paths have been reached.
The presentation deals with specific scenarios where the target protocol is completely unknown (proprietary) and no source code or protocol specs are accessible. The tool developed builds a feedback loop between the client and the server components using the concept of "gate functions". A gate function triggers monitoring. The pintool component tracks the binary code coverage for all the functions untill it reaches an exit gate. By instrumenting such gated functions, the tool is able to measure code coverage during packet processing.
Security research over Windows #defcon chinaPeter Hlavaty
Past several years Microsoft Windows undergo lot of fundamental security changes. Where one can argue still imperfect and bound to tons of legacy issues, on the other hand those changes made important shifts in attacker perspective. From tightened sandboxing, restricting attack surface, introducing mitigations, applying virtualization up to stronger focus even on win32k. In our talk we will go trough those changes, how it affects us and how we tackle them from choosing targets, finding bugs up to exploitation primitives we are using. While also empathize that windows research is not only about sandbox, and there are many more interesting target to look for.
Ice Age melting down: Intel features considered usefull!Peter Hlavaty
Decades history of kernel exploitation, however still most used techniques are such as ROP. Software based approaches comes finally challenge this technique, one more successful than the others. Those approaches usually trying to solve far more than ROP only problem, and need to handle not only security but almost more importantly performance issues. Another common attacker vector for redirecting control flow is stack what comes from design of today’s architectures, and once again some software approaches lately tackling this as well. Although this software based methods are piece of nice work and effective to big extent, new game changing approach seems coming to the light. Methodology closing this attack vector coming right from hardware - intel. We will compare this way to its software alternatives, how one interleaving another and how they can benefit from each other to challenge attacker by breaking his most fundamental technologies. However same time we go further, to challenge those approaches and show that even with those technologies in place attackers is not yet in the corner.
Practical IoT Exploitation (DEFCON23 IoTVillage) - Lyon YangLyon Yang
This is a light training/presentation talk.
My name is Lyon Yang and I am an IoT hacker. I live in sunny Singapore where IoT is rapidly being deployed – in production. This walkthrough will aim to shed light on the subject of IoT, from finding vulnerabilities in IoT devices to getting shiny hash prompts.
Our journey starts with a holistic view of IoT security, the issues faced by IoT devices and the common mistakes made by IoT developers. Things will then get technical as we progress into a both ARM and MIPS exploitation, followed by a ‘hack-along-with-us’ workshop where you will be exploiting a commonly found IoT daemon. If you are new to IoT or a seasoned professional you will likely learn something new in this workshop.
https://www.iotvillage.org/#schedule
Steelcon 2014 - Process Injection with Pythoninfodox
This is the slides to accompany the talk given by Darren Martyn at the Steelcon security conference in July 2014 about process injection using python.
Covers using Python to manipulate processes by injecting code on x86, x86_64, and ARMv7l platforms, and writing a stager that automatically detects what platform it is running on and intelligently decides which shellcode to inject, and via which method.
The Proof of Concept code is available at https://github.com/infodox/steelcon-python-injection
You Can't Correlate what you don't have - ArcSight Protect 2011Scott Carlson
In this presentation we discuss gathering data with syslog-ng in order to properly feed your SIEM system such as ArcSight ESM. This presentation is from HP/ArcSight Protect 2011.
Reverse Engineering the TomTom Runner pt. 1 Luis Grangeia
A hacker likes computers for the same reason that a child likes legos: both allow the creation of something new. However the growing trend has been to 'close up' general purpose computing into devices that serve a narrow purpose. It's been happening with games consoles, routers, smartphones, smart TV's and more recently, smartwatches. A hacker will face this trend as an additional challenge and will be even more motivated to gain control over the device.
This talk is a journey to the world of 'reverse engineering' of a device of the "Internet of Things", in this case a Tomtom Runner sports watch. The author has little previous experience in reverse engineering of embedded systems, so the talk aims to serve as an introduction to this topic, what motivations and what kind of approaches may be tried.
Presented in September 2015 at "Confraria de Segurança da Informação" in Lisbon
[HES2013] Virtually secure, analysis to remote root 0day on an industry leadi...Hackito Ergo Sum
Today most networks present one “gateway” to the whole network – The SSL-VPN. A vector that is often overlooked and considered “secure”, we decided to take apart an industry leading SSL-VPN appliance and analyze it to bits to thoroughly understand how secure it really is. During this talk we will examine the internals of the F5 FirePass SSL-VPN Appliance. We discover that even though many security protections are in-place, the internals of the appliance hides interesting vulnerabilities we can exploit. Through processes ranging from reverse engineering to binary planting, we decrypt the file-system and begin examining the environment. As we go down the rabbit hole, our misconceptions about “security appliances” are revealed.
Using a combination of web vulnerabilities, format string vulnerabilities and a bunch of frustration, we manage to overcome the multiple limitations and protections presented by the appliance to gain a remote unauthenticated root shell. Due to the magnitude of this vulnerability and the potential for impact against dozens of fortune 500 companies, we contacted F5 and received one of the best vendor responses we’ve experienced – EVER!
https://www.hackitoergosum.org
Kernel Recipes 2015: Solving the Linux storage scalability bottlenecksAnne Nicolas
lash devices introduced a sudden shift in the performance profile of direct attached storage. With IOPS rates orders of magnitude higher than rotating storage, it became clear that Linux needed a re-design of its storage stack to properly support and get the most out of these new devices.
This talk will detail the architecture of blk-mq, the redesign of the core of the Linux storage stack, and the later set of changes made to adapt the SCSI stack to this new queuing model. Early results of running Facebook infrastructure production workloads on top of the new stack will also be shared.
Jense Axboe, Facebook
The Internet is the most toxic computing environment ever created. ARM Cortex-M devices that are exposed to it can be hacked and compromised, using techniques evolved from the famous x86 ret2libc buffer overflow attack.
The answer is no for about 90% of the cyber assets due to the very minimal risk reduction achieved. Spend your effort elsewhere. Presentation goes over categories of security patching in ICS and recommends prioritized security patching.
Attacking and Defending Autos Via OBD-II from escar AsiaDigital Bond
This presentation from escar Asia does go into detail on the Progressive Snapshot dongle security problems, but it also addresses common issues found in ICS security and the path forward. For example the insecure by design problem, no thought on embedded product security, importance of a security perimeter as the immediate best security solution, and the medium to long term solutions.
Remote Control Automobiles at ESCAR US 2015Digital Bond
Corey Thuen of Digital Bond Labs gave this presentation at the Embedded Systems in Cars (ESCAR) US event is May 2015.
He assessed the security, or lack thereof, in the Progressive Snapshot dongle. This is an important example of how an attacker could gain remote access to a car's CANBus.
The last part of the presentation goes over some CANBus tools that are available at Digital Bond's GitHub.
Ralph Langner of The Langner Group at S4x15 OTDay.
Ralph explains how the RIPE framework and associated tools and templates can be used to implement and measure an ICS security program. This session was followed by a nuclear plant owner/operator who was implementing RIPE.
Bryan Owen of OSIsoft at S4x15 OTDay.
Bryan shows how to harden a Windows Services generically and then specifically to a service used by OSIsoft's PI Server
Jonathan Pollet and Mark Heard of Red Tiger Security at S4x15 OTDay.
The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) has been out for a year now, and some owner/operators have begun to use it to help create an ICS cyber security program. The Red Tiger Security team discusses what the CSF is and there experience in using it with real world clients.
Assessing the Security of Cloud SaaS SolutionsDigital Bond
Matthew Theobald of Schneider Electric presentation at S4x15 OTDay.
This session provided a tutorial on how to evaluate the security of a SaaS solution. These are being increasingly offered for storage, processing and analysis of ICS data.
Liam Randall of Critical Stack at S4x15 Operation Technology Day. Liam is a Bro guru and describes how it can be used to monitor communications, detect attacks and analyze data.
Active Directory in ICS: Lessons Learned From The FieldDigital Bond
Donovan Tindall of Honeywell at the S4x15 Operations Technology Day (OTDay). A meaty, but practical technical session on how to use Active Directory to help manage and secure your ICS.
Tatsuaki Takebe of Yokogawa Electric Corporation provides the closing keynote with a focus on international standards activity and how it affects the Japanese ICS community.
Internet Accessible ICS in Japan (English)Digital Bond
Dale Peterson of Digital Bond gathered reports and examples from Shodan researchers to quantify and describe ICS devices that are connected to the Internet in Japan. It is not a small number and some of the examples are compelling.
Survey and Analysis of ICS Vulnerabilities (Japanese)Digital Bond
Masaki Kubo of JPCERT provides some statistical analysis of the ICS vulnerabilities. He also looks at the coding errors that caused the vulnerabilities and takes an indepth look at recent Yokogawa vulnerabilities.
ICS Security Training ... What Works and What Is Needed (Japanese)Digital Bond
Tomomi Aoyama of Nagoya Institute of Technology discusses Red/Blue and other types of ICS training. She identifies what is effective and offers suggestions for future training.
Vulnerability Inheritance in ICS (English)Digital Bond
Reid Wightman of Digital Bond Labs shows how software libraries integrated into ICS can bring vulnerabilities along with them.
In this case it is the CoDeSys library bringing vulnerabilities to more than 200 products including PLC's from Hitachi and Sanyo-Denki. Reid goes into the vulnerabilities and shows the tools that can exploit the vulnerabilities.
Equally important is the vendor misrepresenting the fact that the vulns were fixed, when they were not. And the vendors, Hitachi and Sanyo-Denki to name two, that did not test the security of the libraries before including them in their products and selling them to customers.
Dale Peterson and Corey Thuen pinch hit for Kyle Wilhoit to present his concept of malware incubation. It is creating a realistic environment for malware to be grown so that it can be studied and help with incident response.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Welcome to the first live UiPath Community Day Dubai! Join us for this unique occasion to meet our local and global UiPath Community and leaders. You will get a full view of the MEA region's automation landscape and the AI Powered automation technology capabilities of UiPath. Also, hosted by our local partners Marc Ellis, you will enjoy a half-day packed with industry insights and automation peers networking.
📕 Curious on our agenda? Wait no more!
10:00 Welcome note - UiPath Community in Dubai
Lovely Sinha, UiPath Community Chapter Leader, UiPath MVPx3, Hyper-automation Consultant, First Abu Dhabi Bank
10:20 A UiPath cross-region MEA overview
Ashraf El Zarka, VP and Managing Director MEA, UiPath
10:35: Customer Success Journey
Deepthi Deepak, Head of Intelligent Automation CoE, First Abu Dhabi Bank
11:15 The UiPath approach to GenAI with our three principles: improve accuracy, supercharge productivity, and automate more
Boris Krumrey, Global VP, Automation Innovation, UiPath
12:15 To discover how Marc Ellis leverages tech-driven solutions in recruitment and managed services.
Brendan Lingam, Director of Sales and Business Development, Marc Ellis
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
3. What’s a PLC
•! Programmable Logic Controller
•! Inputs and Outputs
–! Input example: thermometer in a mash tun
–! Output example: heater element and pump motor on
a mash tun
•! Program sez:
–! Keep the temperature @ 153-156F for one hour
–! After the timer expires, turn on the pump on to move
the mash to fermentation tank
•! PLC reports to HMI: How is the beer coming?
4. Quick recap
•! GE D20
–! Security via one protocol (TELNET) but not another
(TFTP, LogicLinx)
–! Bad guys get full access (read/write) to configuration,
plus plaintext passwords, ability to write new ladder
logic, etc
5. Quick Recap 2
•! Schneider Modicon
–! Security via one protocol (HTTP) but not others (FTP/
TELNET/Modbus)
–! Bad guys get full access (read/write) to configuration,
plus plaintext passwords
6. Quick Recap 3
•! Koyo ECOM100
–! Security via one protocol (HAP) but not another
(HTTP)
–! HAP protocol features small password space, easy to
bruteforce
7. Quick Recap 4
•! Rockwell ControlLogix
–! Security via one protocol (EIP) but not another (err…
EIP)
–! Bad guys can kill controller remotely
8. <3 Metasploit
•! Building as many vulnerability demonstrations as
possible into MSF
•! Let everybody see just how easy it is to kill
controllers
9. D20 Modules
•! d20tftpbd – provides asyncronous command line
via TFTP
•! d20pass – retrieves configuration via TFTP,
parses config, stores usernames + passwords as
loot
•! d20_tftp_overflow – triggers buffer overflow in
TFTP service. Currently DoS, likely RCE.
10. Modicon Modules
•! modicon_password_recovery – retrieve
passwords
–! HTTP, Write Password are plaintext
–! FTP Password uses vxworks loginDefaultEncrypt() –
easily reversed
•! Two new modules today…wait for it.
20. Stuxnet + Beresford Fun
•! Stuxnet showed ladder-logic ‘hooking’
•! Beresford showed weakness in Siemens
controllers that ‘bad guys’ could use
•! Most PLCs have the ‘Beresford/Stuxnet’ vuln
–! Download ladder logic without authentication
–! Upload ladder logic without authentication
–! Code-hooking can combine the two with a simple
Langner-style ‘logic time bomb’
21.
22. Modicon
•! Modbus used for Engineering Access
•! Special Function Code 90: “Unity”
–! Lets us STOP the CPU
–! Lets us retrieve/overwrite ladder logic
23.
24.
25.
26. Modicon
•! No authentication for any operation, but…
•! …Unity == Chatty
•! Quick Python code to isolate packets
–! Walk through .pcap, find unique packets
–! Analyze in Wireshark
–! Find Ladder Logic Upload/Download
–! Find CPU STOP
•! Replay commands
27. Modicon – CPU STOP
•! ~100 packets to initialize conversation
•! One packet to STOP CPU
–! FC 90
–! Payload 0x01, 0x41, 0xff, 0x00
–! (Start is 0x01, 0x40, 0xff, 0x00)
28.
29.
30. Modicon – Logic Upload
•! ~100 packets to initialize (same)
•! Split into ~240 byte blocks (max size of Modbus
packet + some overhead bytes)
•! Second block must be sent twice
–! No idea why
–! Repeated testing
31. Modicon – Logic Upload
…But…what file do we transfer?
Great question!
32.
33.
34.
35. Back to the PCAP
Block 7 contains strings to search for
36.
37. Files
•! APX == STL (Statement List)
•! APB == FBD (Function Block Diagram)
•! Multiple blocks become one file
•! Both types may be used at once
38. Simple attack: Overwrite
•! Overwrite a remote Modicon to do nothing
•! Alt: randomly operate outputs
•! Metasploit module shows how it’s done
39. More complicated: Stuxnet
•! Retrieve logic from remote system
•! Parse it and wrap it
–! Parsing the output probably the hardest step
–! Alt: Just use Unity to edit the file (it’s what the pros
would do)
•! Re-upload
40. Time spent
•! Level of difficulty: miniscule
•! < 8 hours from first packet capture to successful
file upload/download
41. Password (Un)protection
•! Password protection applies to APX and APB files
•! Does not prevent overwrite of existing files
•! Does prevent Unity from opening the ‘source
code’
•! Protection is really crappy
47. Password (Un)protection
•! Project is not encrypted, only password is
•! Change password to known-value (hexedit)
•! Modicon “Password Proxy” could strip password
49. </Modicon>
•! ‘modiconstux’ and ‘modiconstop’ available today
–! Overwrite the ladder logic in that pesky controller
–! STOP or RUN your (least) favorite controller
•! Password proxy stripper TBA
•! Aside from that, it’s been p0wn3d enough
•! What I want:
Schneider -- give me a security roadmap so that I
can start recommending your products.
50. More New Stuff: WAGO
•! Russian group DsecRG released vulns with
Basecamp
–! CSRF
–! default credentials
•! Lots of other vulns + backdoors + FUN!
51. WAGO
•! My model: IPC 758-870
•! 266Mhz x86, 32MB flash, 32MB ram
•! Linux 2.4.31
52. WAGO
•! Hard-Coded user accounts
–! guest/guest
–! user/user00
–! root/ko2003wa (requires su)
•! Open telnet, ftp services
–! Upload files and run them
–! Just like any other Linux box
–! Successfully compiled tinyproxy, tor
53.
54. WAGO Ladder Logic
3S-Software CoDeSys
–! Most amazing ladder logic implementation ever
–! Used by hundreds of manufacturers
–! Security--
55. CoDeSys – How it works
1) Engineer writes their logic
2) Engineering software compiles binary
3) Binary transferred to PLC (no authentication!)
4) PLC loads binary into memory, jumps inside
56. Remember PLC Notes?
•! Very few PLCs use MMU
•! WAGO does (Linux on x86, yay)
•! …But the CoDeSys process runs as root
57.
58.
59. CoDeSys Project Format
•! Header
•! X86 binary
•! Footer
•! Don’t really need to understand it to exploit it
60. CoDeSys Project Format
•! World’s longest NOP-sled?
•! ~750kb of NOPs followed by a bind shell
•! Uploaded to WAGO
•! Sadly, FAIL – CRC failure
•! Need to RE the CRC (32-bit CRC, stored as .CHK
file on filesystem)
•! Expect an update and metasploit poc in a few
weeks
61.
62. Dear 3S-Software
•! You are in an amazing position to promote
secure ladder logic transfer
•! A little goes a long way in this area
63. Basecamp responses
•! A-B decent
–! gave quick mitigation information
–! provided Snort signatures
–! …still waiting for long-term fix for CIP
•! Schneider has said little since Rubén’s backdoor
disclosure
–! “We take security seriously…”
–! (Nevermind the backdoors + other flaws)
•! GE has shared nothing
•! Koyo has shared nothing