In tribute to the most inspiring man who i have encountered on planet so far, a wonderful friend and constant source of brilliant ideas and resources. We are so much poorer without his presence now he has passed away, yet so much richer for knowing him, from learning from him. Your work will live on in everything I do. Go well my friend.
The document discusses design and management of sanitation and water projects in developing countries. It describes challenges in finding water sources and the need to construct wells, dams, and piping. It also discusses installing latrines and bio-sand filters to provide sanitation and remove bacterial contaminants from water. Professional engineers can contribute to these projects by mentoring with organizations and volunteering their engineering expertise.
[Challenge:Future] Fresh water going down the drainChallenge:Future
The document discusses the growing threat of a global fresh water shortage. It proposes solutions to reduce fresh water usage such as dual water supply systems, storm water filtration, drip irrigation in agriculture, and dual-flush toilets. The goals are to significantly decrease the percentage of total accessible fresh water used by humanity and prevent worsening water scarcity. Regions already experiencing shortages could receive more water. The solutions aim to make cities more self-sustainable and conserve fresh water for future generations.
The document discusses the potential disaster of a "fight for water" as a result of dwindling fresh water resources exacerbated by climate change. It proposes implementing the "3 R's" - reuse, reduce, recycle - through human awareness, technological solutions, and government intervention to conserve water. Examples given include rainwater harvesting, water recycling from industries and communities, and metering household water usage to incentivize conservation. While challenges exist, promoting the 3 R's through collective global action can help prevent this crisis and its political consequences.
Finding Water Through Rain introduces several
conservation alternatives in rainwater and stormwater
management. These concepts include greenway
acquisition, wetlands, cisterns, pervious concrete,
earthworks, native plants and green roofs. By
implementing these practices Atlanta could use rainwater
more efficiently.
The document discusses various aspects of sustainable water systems and sanitation. It defines a sustainable water system as one that provides adequate water quality and quantity now and in the future without compromising capacity. It discusses different water sources like surface water, groundwater, rainwater harvesting and reclaimed water. It also discusses sustainable practices for water supply, sanitation facilities, concepts of sustainability in sanitation, and components of storm water drainage systems like inlets, piping, and outlets. Sustainable urban drainage systems are recommended to reduce stormwater flows into sewers.
Water is the most abundant liquid on Earth, covering 70% of the planet. Only 3% is freshwater, with 2/3 locked in glaciers or unavailable for human use. Water scarcity occurs when there is insufficient water to meet daily requirements within an area. It is caused by factors like climate change, pollution, increased demand, and overuse. Water scarcity affects human societies, health, cultures, ecosystems, and causes habitat and wetland loss. Solutions include education, rainwater harvesting, advanced desalination technology, improved sewage systems, and drip irrigation.
The document discusses design and management of sanitation and water projects in developing countries. It describes challenges in finding water sources and the need to construct wells, dams, and piping. It also discusses installing latrines and bio-sand filters to provide sanitation and remove bacterial contaminants from water. Professional engineers can contribute to these projects by mentoring with organizations and volunteering their engineering expertise.
[Challenge:Future] Fresh water going down the drainChallenge:Future
The document discusses the growing threat of a global fresh water shortage. It proposes solutions to reduce fresh water usage such as dual water supply systems, storm water filtration, drip irrigation in agriculture, and dual-flush toilets. The goals are to significantly decrease the percentage of total accessible fresh water used by humanity and prevent worsening water scarcity. Regions already experiencing shortages could receive more water. The solutions aim to make cities more self-sustainable and conserve fresh water for future generations.
The document discusses the potential disaster of a "fight for water" as a result of dwindling fresh water resources exacerbated by climate change. It proposes implementing the "3 R's" - reuse, reduce, recycle - through human awareness, technological solutions, and government intervention to conserve water. Examples given include rainwater harvesting, water recycling from industries and communities, and metering household water usage to incentivize conservation. While challenges exist, promoting the 3 R's through collective global action can help prevent this crisis and its political consequences.
Finding Water Through Rain introduces several
conservation alternatives in rainwater and stormwater
management. These concepts include greenway
acquisition, wetlands, cisterns, pervious concrete,
earthworks, native plants and green roofs. By
implementing these practices Atlanta could use rainwater
more efficiently.
The document discusses various aspects of sustainable water systems and sanitation. It defines a sustainable water system as one that provides adequate water quality and quantity now and in the future without compromising capacity. It discusses different water sources like surface water, groundwater, rainwater harvesting and reclaimed water. It also discusses sustainable practices for water supply, sanitation facilities, concepts of sustainability in sanitation, and components of storm water drainage systems like inlets, piping, and outlets. Sustainable urban drainage systems are recommended to reduce stormwater flows into sewers.
Water is the most abundant liquid on Earth, covering 70% of the planet. Only 3% is freshwater, with 2/3 locked in glaciers or unavailable for human use. Water scarcity occurs when there is insufficient water to meet daily requirements within an area. It is caused by factors like climate change, pollution, increased demand, and overuse. Water scarcity affects human societies, health, cultures, ecosystems, and causes habitat and wetland loss. Solutions include education, rainwater harvesting, advanced desalination technology, improved sewage systems, and drip irrigation.
Presentation is an attempt to showcase role and importance of water as a gift of nature and as critical element for the sustainability of humanity, flora and fauna, and needs to be preserved, protected, promoted so as to make it universally available to all living organsim occupying space on this planet
1. Water resource management involves planning, developing, distributing, and managing water resources in an optimal way. It includes a range of activities from monitoring to policy implementation.
2. Key methods of water management discussed are rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge, greywater systems, wastewater recycling, retrofitting for water conservation, and behavioral practices.
3. Water conservation is important as many regions already face water scarcity. Conservation methods discussed include dams, rainwater harvesting, and bamboo drip irrigation systems.
The document discusses various sources of water pollution in India including agricultural runoff, industrial waste, and city sewage. It notes that 39% of water pollution comes from agriculture, 12% from industry, and 10% from cities. It also discusses solutions to reduce water pollution such as improving sewage treatment, preventing nonpoint runoff, reducing toxic pollutants, and practicing the four R's of resource use.
Wsh reinvent the toilet challenge from Bill and Melinda Gates FundationZoely Mamizaka
The Reinvent the Toilet Challenge aims to develop a new toilet design that addresses failures of traditional toilets in developing areas and transforms human waste into useful resources like energy, clean water and nutrients without connections to water or sewer systems. Eight universities were awarded grants to develop toilet prototypes that achieve these goals, with designs focusing on producing biochar, generating electricity, recovering clean water, or mineralizing waste to extract resources. The overall goal is to create sustainable sanitation solutions for the world's poorest people.
Ecological sanitation a success in Sri LankaUdani Mendis
This document summarizes the introduction and success of ecological sanitation toilets in Sri Lanka. It describes how ecological sanitation was introduced through workshops led by EcoSolutions. 30 demonstration toilets were then built in both urban and rural areas. The document shares the positive reactions and experiences of users in different locations, including families in a new urban settlement, a provincial town, a rural village, and city suburbs. All users found that the dry-compost toilets did not smell and worked well even in waterlogged conditions, requiring no water for flushing. This successful pilot demonstrated how ecological sanitation can provide a sustainable sanitation solution.
This documents relates to importance of water & simple ways preserving & using wisely.
Natural resources are limited.
Wise ways & renewable source of energy is way to life in future.
Live peaceful & healthy life.
2017 wwtp presentation y20170524 final linkedinnonotesJim Dodenhoff
This document discusses opportunities to enhance the water-energy nexus at wastewater treatment plants. It notes that most water usage is for power supply and agriculture, while wastewater treatment only accounts for about 12% of total water withdrawals. The document outlines the typical wastewater treatment process and energy usage. It also discusses new biological treatment technologies using algae that can produce resources like fertilizer, feed, and biogas from wastewater. The document recommends broader adoption of on-site renewables, storage, biotreatment, and beneficial water reuse to improve sustainability and resilience at wastewater treatment plants.
The document discusses water usage and efficiency. It notes that 80% of the Earth's surface is water but production of common items like beer and oranges requires significant water. Experts warn that water supply per person will drop by a third and millions may die without access to safe water. Water efficiency means saving resources through technologies and activities. Everyone must work together from individuals to governments to address growing water shortages. Solutions proposed include using low-flow shower heads, fixing leaks, collecting rainwater, and installing greywater recycling systems.
Safe Drinking Water and Proper Sanitation Facilities in India discusses the poor sanitation conditions in India. Only 30% of sewage water is treated, with the rest polluting water sources. 75% of surface water is polluted, largely due to untreated sewage. Solutions proposed include low-cost water purification methods like solar disinfection, spring boxes, and ecological sanitation toilets. Improving sanitation requires raising awareness, providing affordable options, and monitoring programs.
ANDREWS S 2015 Water Risk publ RISI Dec 2015 SAStuart Andrews
1. Water is an essential resource for the pulp and paper industry, but global demand for freshwater is increasing while supplies are dwindling, posing risks for the industry.
2. The concept of water stewardship aims to ensure sustainable water management that balances the needs of ecosystems, communities, and future generations.
3. Assessing water usage through methods like water footprint accounting and improving water efficiency will be important for the pulp and paper industry to responsibly manage their water use and impacts on local water supplies.
This document proposes a holistic approach to convert the Sahara desert into a green ecosystem like the Amazon by creating "water vapour farms" above the sea. It involves 3 key steps:
1. Hanging cloth in the sea to evaporate water into vapour carried by winds into the desert.
2. At night, the cooler temperatures will cause the vapour to condense as dew in the desert replenishing the ecosystem.
This document discusses water resources in the GCC region and Egypt. It notes that the GCC has only 1% of the world's renewable water resources to support 5% of the global population. Desalination is critical to meeting water demand, with 60% of global desalination capacity located in the Middle East. The document outlines various desalination technologies used, including multi-stage flash distillation, reverse osmosis, and electrodialysis. It also discusses wastewater treatment and reuse in the region.
This document discusses wastewater reclamation as a way to meet growing water demands. It explores how the process works, provides a brief history, and analyzes pros and cons. Key recommendations are to increase education efforts to overcome public perception issues and promote wastewater reclamation as an economically feasible and drought-proof water source, especially in the growing Southwest region of the US. The biggest challenge is effective public education to build acceptance of reclaimed water.
Hydroelectricity harnesses the kinetic energy of flowing water and is the most widely used renewable energy source, accounting for 16% of global electricity. China produces the most hydroelectricity but dams can harm local ecosystems by interrupting river flows. Tidal energy converts the kinetic energy of tides into electricity and has potential but high costs and limited sites have restricted its use. Geothermal energy uses heat from within the earth as a renewable source for power plants. Wave energy devices extract energy from ocean wave motion and pressure fluctuations. The Narmada Bachao Andolan is a social movement against large dams on the Narmada River in India, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam, due to environmental and social impacts
The document discusses solutions for providing clean drinking water and sanitation in India. It outlines several proposed models, including establishing reverse osmosis plants at the community level with funding from CSR initiatives or PPPs. Desalination plants along coastal areas and household solutions like chlorination or ceramic filters are also proposed. To address open defecation, the document recommends SHG-managed public toilets, ecosan toilets, and extensive awareness programs in schools and through media. Financial support could come from CSR, communities, or the state depending on the solution. Sustainability and persuading industries are obstacles to these solutions.
The People’s Water Board is a coalition of labor, social justice, and environmental organizations based in Detroit. They work together to confront: 1) devastating lack of access to water faced by tens of thousands of low-income people who have had their water shut off; 2) water pollution due to aging wastewater infrastructure; and 3) the effort of corporate interests to gain control of Detroit’s water system. Listen to this panel discussion to learn about their struggles and victories.
Water scarcity is the lack of sufficient available water resources to meet water needs within a region. It affects every continent and around 2.8 billion people around the world at least one month out of every year. More than 1.2 billion people lack access to clean drinking water.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Living machine: The Ecological Wastewater TreatmentSagar Patel
1. Living machine technology is a patented form of ecological wastewater treatment that mimics the cleansing functions of wetlands. It was developed by Dr. John Todd and is based on fixed-film ecology and the processes of natural tidal wetlands.
2. The technology uses 12 principles of ecological design, including mineral and nutrient diversity, steep gradients, high exchange rates, periodic pulses, a cellular structure, subecosystems, microbial communities, and photosynthetic and animal diversity.
3. Examples of how these principles are applied include using rocks to provide minerals, ecological fluidized beds for exchange rates, plant and algae systems for photosynthesis, and snails and other animals that graze algae and
The document discusses design and management of sanitation and water projects in developing countries. It describes challenges in finding water sources and the need to construct wells, dams, and piping. It also discusses installing latrines and bio-sand filters to provide sanitation and remove bacterial contaminants from water. Professional engineers can work on these projects by mentoring with organizations, volunteering for design work, or donating funds and resources.
Presentation is an attempt to showcase role and importance of water as a gift of nature and as critical element for the sustainability of humanity, flora and fauna, and needs to be preserved, protected, promoted so as to make it universally available to all living organsim occupying space on this planet
1. Water resource management involves planning, developing, distributing, and managing water resources in an optimal way. It includes a range of activities from monitoring to policy implementation.
2. Key methods of water management discussed are rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge, greywater systems, wastewater recycling, retrofitting for water conservation, and behavioral practices.
3. Water conservation is important as many regions already face water scarcity. Conservation methods discussed include dams, rainwater harvesting, and bamboo drip irrigation systems.
The document discusses various sources of water pollution in India including agricultural runoff, industrial waste, and city sewage. It notes that 39% of water pollution comes from agriculture, 12% from industry, and 10% from cities. It also discusses solutions to reduce water pollution such as improving sewage treatment, preventing nonpoint runoff, reducing toxic pollutants, and practicing the four R's of resource use.
Wsh reinvent the toilet challenge from Bill and Melinda Gates FundationZoely Mamizaka
The Reinvent the Toilet Challenge aims to develop a new toilet design that addresses failures of traditional toilets in developing areas and transforms human waste into useful resources like energy, clean water and nutrients without connections to water or sewer systems. Eight universities were awarded grants to develop toilet prototypes that achieve these goals, with designs focusing on producing biochar, generating electricity, recovering clean water, or mineralizing waste to extract resources. The overall goal is to create sustainable sanitation solutions for the world's poorest people.
Ecological sanitation a success in Sri LankaUdani Mendis
This document summarizes the introduction and success of ecological sanitation toilets in Sri Lanka. It describes how ecological sanitation was introduced through workshops led by EcoSolutions. 30 demonstration toilets were then built in both urban and rural areas. The document shares the positive reactions and experiences of users in different locations, including families in a new urban settlement, a provincial town, a rural village, and city suburbs. All users found that the dry-compost toilets did not smell and worked well even in waterlogged conditions, requiring no water for flushing. This successful pilot demonstrated how ecological sanitation can provide a sustainable sanitation solution.
This documents relates to importance of water & simple ways preserving & using wisely.
Natural resources are limited.
Wise ways & renewable source of energy is way to life in future.
Live peaceful & healthy life.
2017 wwtp presentation y20170524 final linkedinnonotesJim Dodenhoff
This document discusses opportunities to enhance the water-energy nexus at wastewater treatment plants. It notes that most water usage is for power supply and agriculture, while wastewater treatment only accounts for about 12% of total water withdrawals. The document outlines the typical wastewater treatment process and energy usage. It also discusses new biological treatment technologies using algae that can produce resources like fertilizer, feed, and biogas from wastewater. The document recommends broader adoption of on-site renewables, storage, biotreatment, and beneficial water reuse to improve sustainability and resilience at wastewater treatment plants.
The document discusses water usage and efficiency. It notes that 80% of the Earth's surface is water but production of common items like beer and oranges requires significant water. Experts warn that water supply per person will drop by a third and millions may die without access to safe water. Water efficiency means saving resources through technologies and activities. Everyone must work together from individuals to governments to address growing water shortages. Solutions proposed include using low-flow shower heads, fixing leaks, collecting rainwater, and installing greywater recycling systems.
Safe Drinking Water and Proper Sanitation Facilities in India discusses the poor sanitation conditions in India. Only 30% of sewage water is treated, with the rest polluting water sources. 75% of surface water is polluted, largely due to untreated sewage. Solutions proposed include low-cost water purification methods like solar disinfection, spring boxes, and ecological sanitation toilets. Improving sanitation requires raising awareness, providing affordable options, and monitoring programs.
ANDREWS S 2015 Water Risk publ RISI Dec 2015 SAStuart Andrews
1. Water is an essential resource for the pulp and paper industry, but global demand for freshwater is increasing while supplies are dwindling, posing risks for the industry.
2. The concept of water stewardship aims to ensure sustainable water management that balances the needs of ecosystems, communities, and future generations.
3. Assessing water usage through methods like water footprint accounting and improving water efficiency will be important for the pulp and paper industry to responsibly manage their water use and impacts on local water supplies.
This document proposes a holistic approach to convert the Sahara desert into a green ecosystem like the Amazon by creating "water vapour farms" above the sea. It involves 3 key steps:
1. Hanging cloth in the sea to evaporate water into vapour carried by winds into the desert.
2. At night, the cooler temperatures will cause the vapour to condense as dew in the desert replenishing the ecosystem.
This document discusses water resources in the GCC region and Egypt. It notes that the GCC has only 1% of the world's renewable water resources to support 5% of the global population. Desalination is critical to meeting water demand, with 60% of global desalination capacity located in the Middle East. The document outlines various desalination technologies used, including multi-stage flash distillation, reverse osmosis, and electrodialysis. It also discusses wastewater treatment and reuse in the region.
This document discusses wastewater reclamation as a way to meet growing water demands. It explores how the process works, provides a brief history, and analyzes pros and cons. Key recommendations are to increase education efforts to overcome public perception issues and promote wastewater reclamation as an economically feasible and drought-proof water source, especially in the growing Southwest region of the US. The biggest challenge is effective public education to build acceptance of reclaimed water.
Hydroelectricity harnesses the kinetic energy of flowing water and is the most widely used renewable energy source, accounting for 16% of global electricity. China produces the most hydroelectricity but dams can harm local ecosystems by interrupting river flows. Tidal energy converts the kinetic energy of tides into electricity and has potential but high costs and limited sites have restricted its use. Geothermal energy uses heat from within the earth as a renewable source for power plants. Wave energy devices extract energy from ocean wave motion and pressure fluctuations. The Narmada Bachao Andolan is a social movement against large dams on the Narmada River in India, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam, due to environmental and social impacts
The document discusses solutions for providing clean drinking water and sanitation in India. It outlines several proposed models, including establishing reverse osmosis plants at the community level with funding from CSR initiatives or PPPs. Desalination plants along coastal areas and household solutions like chlorination or ceramic filters are also proposed. To address open defecation, the document recommends SHG-managed public toilets, ecosan toilets, and extensive awareness programs in schools and through media. Financial support could come from CSR, communities, or the state depending on the solution. Sustainability and persuading industries are obstacles to these solutions.
The People’s Water Board is a coalition of labor, social justice, and environmental organizations based in Detroit. They work together to confront: 1) devastating lack of access to water faced by tens of thousands of low-income people who have had their water shut off; 2) water pollution due to aging wastewater infrastructure; and 3) the effort of corporate interests to gain control of Detroit’s water system. Listen to this panel discussion to learn about their struggles and victories.
Water scarcity is the lack of sufficient available water resources to meet water needs within a region. It affects every continent and around 2.8 billion people around the world at least one month out of every year. More than 1.2 billion people lack access to clean drinking water.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Living machine: The Ecological Wastewater TreatmentSagar Patel
1. Living machine technology is a patented form of ecological wastewater treatment that mimics the cleansing functions of wetlands. It was developed by Dr. John Todd and is based on fixed-film ecology and the processes of natural tidal wetlands.
2. The technology uses 12 principles of ecological design, including mineral and nutrient diversity, steep gradients, high exchange rates, periodic pulses, a cellular structure, subecosystems, microbial communities, and photosynthetic and animal diversity.
3. Examples of how these principles are applied include using rocks to provide minerals, ecological fluidized beds for exchange rates, plant and algae systems for photosynthesis, and snails and other animals that graze algae and
The document discusses design and management of sanitation and water projects in developing countries. It describes challenges in finding water sources and the need to construct wells, dams, and piping. It also discusses installing latrines and bio-sand filters to provide sanitation and remove bacterial contaminants from water. Professional engineers can work on these projects by mentoring with organizations, volunteering for design work, or donating funds and resources.
Hi ! These 29 slides will let you learn about, Management of waste water. This PPT is created by Dhruv,Anurag and Tanish.
We hope you like this presentation and Save our planet.
Thank You JAI HIND !
ECOlogical SANitation - closing the loop between waste to food...
- Its a concept of producing food material from the waste material produced from the household ...Form of pollution management technique.
Greywater systems offer a way to reuse household wastewater and reduce potable water usage. They capture "greywater" from showers, sinks, and washing machines to water landscaping instead of sending it down the drain. Greywater recycling provides environmental benefits while easing pressure on water supplies.
Greywater systems capture wastewater from baths, showers, washing machines, and sinks, which account for over half of total household water usage. This greywater is diverted to either a holding tank or direct irrigation lines rather than the sewer system. The water is then used to irrigate lawns, gardens
SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES IN WATER SUPPLY & SANITATIONRAMSIDDARTHAN .
1. The document discusses sustainable strategies for water supply and sanitation. It covers various topics including the importance of water, different water sources, the hydrological cycle, water distribution on Earth, portable water, domestic water uses, water pollution, and improving water quality.
2. It also discusses sustainability, factors affecting water source sustainability, elements of sustainability, ground and surface water harvesting systems, and a support model for selecting sustainable structures.
3. The document provides information on sanitation challenges in India, definitions of sanitation, steps to solve sanitation problems, available sanitation technologies, criteria for selecting technologies, and strategies for successful sanitation projects in developing countries.
The document discusses water usage and efficiency. It notes that 80% of the Earth's surface is water but production of common items like beer and oranges requires significant water. Experts warn that water supply per person will drop by a third and millions may die without access to safe water. Water efficiency means saving resources through technologies and activities. Everyone must work together from individuals to governments to address growing water shortages. Solutions proposed include using low-flow shower heads, fixing leaks, collecting rainwater, and installing greywater recycling systems.
This document discusses harnessing bio-methanation for energy generation and environmental protection. Bio-methanation is the process of breaking down organic waste through microbial digestion to produce methane gas and other byproducts. It has several advantages like reducing odor, protecting water resources, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The document outlines the history of bio-methanation and reasons for past project failures. It argues that new designs, understanding of operations and maintenance, and opportunities like cogeneration can help overcome past challenges. With proper management of microbial populations through techniques like bioaugmentation, bio-methanation can provide an economical and sustainable means of treating waste while recovering energy.
This document discusses the importance of saving water and various methods for doing so. It notes that only 0.3% of water is fresh water available to humans, yet we pollute it and fail to consider people suffering from water scarcity. Dams and water harvesting are presented as two key methods. Dams allow for water storage but can displace people and harm the environment. Water harvesting through watershed management and traditional systems helps recharge groundwater, benefits communities, and is more sustainable than large dams. The document promotes raising awareness of water issues in observation of World Water Day each March 22nd.
Water pollution is a major problem in Pakistan. According to the presentation, 80% of Pakistan's population uses unsafe drinking water due to scarce access to clean sources. Both surface and groundwater sources throughout the country are contaminated by coliform bacteria, toxic metals, and pesticides. The main causes of water pollution in Pakistan include improper sewage disposal and treatment, industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and dumping of garbage. Solutions proposed include improving sewage infrastructure, regulating industrial waste treatment, educating the public, enacting stronger laws, and building more dams to increase water storage capacity and manage seasonal flows.
The document discusses the global water crisis and potential solutions. It notes that over 1 billion people lack access to clean drinking water and that water scarcity will impact two-thirds of the world's population by 2025. Nature-based solutions are presented as ways to help manage water availability and quality, such as restoring wetlands and reconnecting rivers to floodplains. Rainwater harvesting is also discussed as a technique to collect and store rainwater for use in gardens, livestock, and irrigation to improve water security. The document encourages water conservation efforts both indoors and outdoors.
The document describes an integrated smart irrigation system with a greywater treatment plant. The system uses soil moisture sensors and weather data to optimize watering schedules. It treats greywater from households using filters and disinfection to remove impurities before reuse for irrigation. This reduces fresh water needs and pollution. The system and treatment plant can be implemented commercially to help address increasing water scarcity issues.
Water efficiency is important as water resources are under increasing pressure from rising populations and consumption. Some key facts:
- Over the next two decades, available fresh water per person will drop by one third globally.
- By 2025, two thirds of the world's population could face water shortages.
- Individual action like fixing leaks, taking shorter showers, and rainwater harvesting can help conserve water.
- Systems like greywater recycling can also reduce fresh water usage and benefit the environment.
- Urgent water efficiency is needed worldwide to ensure long term, sustainable access to this vital resource.
Composting toilet systems process human waste onsite through aerobic decomposition. Waste is contained in a tank where bacteria break it down. Some systems yield compost that can be used for gardening. Larger commercial systems are increasingly used in parks, schools, and offices to meet sustainability standards like the Living Building Challenge. The Bullitt Center in Seattle uses a vacuum flush composting toilet system with 10 underground decomposition tanks to achieve net zero water certification.
This document discusses water resource management. It notes that while water covers most of the Earth's surface, less than 1% is freshwater available for human use. Proper management of water resources is important for conservation and sustainable development given increasing demand. Traditional, community-based systems of water management in India have declined as the state assumed control over water resources. Efficient management is needed to address issues like water scarcity, agricultural overuse, access, and climate change impacts.
This document discusses solutions for providing clean drinking water and sanitation in India. It proposes using silver nanoparticle water purification plants that can produce affordable drinking water. It also recommends establishing eco-sanitation toilets that reuse waste and produce fertilizer. Challenges include ensuring equal access for all villages and populations during implementation across India. Pipelines and passes may help address challenges until the systems are fully established.
Similar to Paulo Mellet's Productive ecological sewage water treatment systems (20)
Reconstruction in Nepal - priorities and impressions - March 2017Magnus Wolfe Murray
The document discusses reconstruction priorities in Nepal following the 2015 earthquakes. It identifies key issues such as preserving cultural heritage in housing designs, promoting the use of local construction materials to boost the economy and jobs, ensuring rebuilt structures are earthquake resistant through retrofitting, and addressing the needs of displaced communities. It provides examples of rebuilding efforts and challenges, including the use of traditional designs that are not safe, the distance and high costs that prevent construction in remote areas, and the risk of further landslides. It argues that an integrated approach is needed that considers cultural preservation, livelihoods, local industry, and resettling vulnerable groups to areas safe from hazards.
Water retention lanscape and agro-forestry in Northern LebanonMagnus Wolfe Murray
This document proposes a landscape regeneration and food security project in Northern Lebanon. It provides background on the region, which hosts many Syrian refugees with lack of water for agriculture. The project aims to increase water retention through dams and ditches to collect rainfall, enabling more productive agriculture and jobs. It discusses designing water retention landscapes, training refugee and local families in organic gardening, vertical gardens, biogas systems, and establishing a team to support other families. The goal is to improve food security, livelihoods, and disseminate effective water retention strategies to stabilize the region.
Lime stabilized construction: a manual and practical guideMagnus Wolfe Murray
A culmination of three years work in Pakistan to develop skills and knowledge in building flood resistant shelters with lime as the key stabilising ingredient. Thanks to Bee Rowan founder of Strawbuild UK and Stafford Holmes, lime master and consultant for their work to develop this. Illustrations by Julliette (in England) and to IOM for really nice layout, editing and design of the book. This is a really valuable piece of work - but if you want to undertake a similar programme it definitely makes sense to bring in technical consultants like Bee and Stafford to help guide the process.
A strategy for social stability in Tripoli, Lebanon (CARE International)Magnus Wolfe Murray
The document outlines a strategy for CARE International in Lebanon to improve social cohesion and living conditions in Tripoli through community regeneration projects. It proposes initiatives to enhance livelihood opportunities, provide legal support to refugees, and make physical improvements and repairs to rented homes. The goal is to create better economic opportunities and living conditions for vulnerable Lebanese and refugee communities through community engagement, shelter upgrades, livelihood programs, and legal assistance for refugees.
Here's another presentation that summarises the shelter work I've had the privilege to work on with some great collegues across many organisations. And of course with brilliant people in the affected communities.
Recovery and resilience after floods in Pakistan - November 2014Magnus Wolfe Murray
Really heavy rains for no more than 7 days in central Pakistan in September 2012 nearly 500,000 homes were completely destroyed, leaving almost 3.5m homeless and destitute. Most of these people had barely recovered from floods in August 2010. I am proud to say that DFID (UK tax payers money) has been the largest donor year on year in shelter, agriculture recovery and water-sanitation across this area, reaching almost a million people. I have started to include photos of these amazing people, because they are just that, and so inspiring and positive, always.
Integrated recovery & low-carbon reconstruction - and update from Pakistan Magnus Wolfe Murray
An update of our / DFID's shelter and WASH projects in Northern Sindh. This time with a calculation of carbon dioxide emissions reductions (!)
And all about building with lime..
DFID provided emergency shelter and helped build resilience to floods in Pakistan from 2011-2013. Over 300,000 people received temporary shelter costing £11 per person. DFID then helped 45,000 families construct more durable flood-resistant homes costing £260 per family. Additional programs promoted livelihoods through kitchen gardens and wheat assistance, helping over 128,000 families avoid debt. Moving forward, DFID planned to work with governments and communities to further develop and validate resilient housing designs incorporating local materials like lime, as well as linked water, sanitation, and livelihoods programs to strengthen long-term resilience to future floods.
Wetlands are areas of land that are saturated with water, either permanently or seasonally. Constructed wetlands are engineered systems that replicate natural wetland functions to treat wastewater. They use plants, soil, and microbes to break down pollutants and pathogens. Common types include surface flow, subsurface flow, horizontal flow, reed beds, and vertical flow wetlands. Constructed wetlands provide cost-effective wastewater treatment and help improve water quality.
A photo update of the UK-Aid (DFID) funded shelter project in Southern Sindh, helping around 50,000 families rebuild their homes that were destroyed in flooding during heavy rains August-September, 2011.
This document discusses environmentally friendly and low-impact shelter options for post-disaster reconstruction. It begins by outlining the high environmental impact of modern construction materials like cement and bricks. It then provides examples of alternative materials and designs used in DFID-funded projects in Pakistan, including earth bags, vaulted mud structures, and compressed stabilized earth blocks. These alternatives significantly reduce carbon emissions, deforestation, and other environmental impacts compared to conventional construction, while still providing robust and affordable shelter. The document emphasizes measuring and mitigating environmental impact to reduce future climate vulnerability and promote sustainability.
The document calls for designs for an improved cooking stove for women in Pakistan to address health risks from open fires and deforestation. It provides criteria for the design, which must use local materials, have no cost, reduce smoke, be fuel efficient, and include mud or metal. Submissions are due by September 15th, 2012 and should be sent to the provided email.
The document summarizes shelter projects in Southern Sindh, Pakistan following flooding in 2012. It describes distributing emergency shelter kits that can be used as temporary shelters and later roofing kits when families rebuild walls. The kits cost £58 each and include materials for a safe roof. It also discusses challenges of emergency shelter, encouraging flood-resistant rebuilding, and doing no environmental harm. It highlights stories of families like Keila receiving materials to rebuild safely and training local partners provide on resilient construction techniques.
This document outlines guidelines for disaster-resilient construction in flood-prone areas of Lower Sindh, Pakistan. It discusses findings from research on structures damaged in floods, including weaknesses in wall and roof construction. It recommends using improved traditional techniques like strengthened adobe walls and conical roofs made of bamboo. The guidelines propose designs for shelters that prioritize human safety during floods, use sustainable local materials, and comply with disaster risk reduction criteria. Specific recommendations include reinforced adobe walls, bamboo-framed roofs, ring beams, and plinths to protect structures from flood waters.
The document discusses the potential of Moringa leaves to address malnutrition. It notes that Moringa grows in regions with high rates of malnutrition and contains significant nutritional value, with some nutrients exceeding common foods. Research in Senegal found Moringa leaf powder helped prevent and cure malnutrition in pregnant women and children. The document outlines other potential uses of Moringa including for human health, livestock, plant growth enhancement, and biogas production.
1) The document discusses various sanitation solutions implemented in response to flooding in Pakistan, including basic pit latrines, pour flush latrine blocks with septic tanks, and laundry pads.
2) It evaluates the costs and sustainability of different approaches, noting that more expensive permanent solutions like latrine blocks with septic tanks may be worthwhile if multiple households can access them.
3) Issues around operation and maintenance of complex systems like pour flush latrines are also raised, highlighting the need for sustainable water sources and drainage.
The document summarizes the construction of a biogas digester. Local workers dug a pit and laid gravel and bricks to form the tank. Pipes were installed for sewage and biogas. A wooden platform and earth dome were constructed over the tank, which was then reinforced with concrete. Pipes were connected to link toilets to the new digester.
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
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* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
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* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
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“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
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Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
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What will you get from this session?
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2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
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Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
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https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
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CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
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GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
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GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
Paulo Mellet's Productive ecological sewage water treatment systems
1. Productive Ecological Sewage
Water Treatment Systems
Paulo Mellett
Permaculture Trainer, Consultant and Project
Developer
paulomellett@gmail.com
2. The Global Water Crisis
• 25 million people die each year from contaminated
water. That is equivalent to the population of Canada.
• Every 8 seconds a child dies from contaminated water.
• 1.4 billion people have no access to safe drinking
water.
• 2.4 billion people have no access to sanitary systems -
one person in three.
3. The Problem: Black Water
• We cannot talk of water
without our responsibility to
clean the majority of the
contaminated water we have
created, and continue to create
• “Black water” is that
contaminated by human
faeces. “Grey water” is
everything else (shower, sink,
kitchen). When black and grey
are mixed, it can all be
considered to be black water –
this is sewage.
• Contaminated water still one of
the biggest killers of humanity Above: Sewage from a favela (slum) in Brazil causes
eutrophication in lake from previously healthy water
coming in from forested area.
4. 1st priority: DON’T CREATE IT
• Compost toilet and greywater for irrigation as
main priority Greywater
piped into
mulch filled
soak pit
surrounded
by plants
http://humanurehandbook.com/
http://treeyopermacultureedu.wordpress.com/chapter-10-the-humid-tropics/banana-circle/
00
5. 2nd priority: deal with sewage safely
• Retrofitting conventional
systems
• Where space is limited or
sewage system already
established?
• Urbanisation >50% of
humanity live in cities
• 6% of population of live in
slums in Brazil (2010): 11.4
million
• In India slum population has
more than doubled in the past
two decades and now exceeds
the entire population of
Britain: 93 million in 2011. Above: favela in Brazil with sewage pipe coming out
of shack into street
8. Slum formalization in
Brazil: before and after
images of the same
place.
The government helps to
make channels, paths and
enclosed pipes to keep
people away from sewage.
But where does the sewage
go?
9. This is a compound in a Pakistani suburb. But it still drains into an open waterway.
11. Major Floods in Pakistan 2011 to 2013
• My friend Magnus Wolfe-Murray has been
supporting UK/DFID’s post-flood response since
2010, including reconstruction of over 100,000 flood-
resistant homes, water and sanitation and
emergency response.
• One of the biggest ever recorded disasters in terms
of numbers of people affected.
• They are trying to help hundreds of millions of
people rebuild after this.
12. Sanitation is still a huge issue.
Unfortunately, most aid agencies are not
promoting compost toilets, but instead latrines,
septic tanks or flush toilet systems with no real
treatment.
13.
14.
15. District Bahawalpur, Punjab. An open septic tank that contains raw sewage and grey
water. There is no treatment system at all. Without better designs to chose from the
local community, NGOs or Government have nothing to compare this against.
Conclusion: Very poor design – there are no potential public
health or economic benefits for the community, yet significant
funds were invested to channel sewage to this location. An
opportunity has been lost and public health concern created.
16. But, high embodied energy materials, and has problems with soil formation and clogging of
stones, which leads to pooling of sewage on surface: needs work to keep it clear..
17. Bahawalpur village 2. This “constructed wetland” was built as part of a community sanitation
programme. At around £5,000 this is extremely expensive and impossible to replicate.
Although the design concept is good and environmentally sound, the value for money is poor
and better options need to be considered for schools, villages and semi-urban areas.
18. This is what reed beds look like
when they are functioning.
They can work, but they still
use only one species of plants
(monoculture)
They also have significant
maintenance requirements
and use materials that
gradually degrade and need
replacing. Still too similar to
conventional technological
systems.
19. Conventional Systems
• Average 15
year life and
then needs to
be rebuilt.
• High embodied
energy
• Expensive
• Consumes
energy to run
• Often break
down Tanks and pipes with little life – too much
engineering thinking in these designs.
22. Surface Area on Plant Roots
Gives a high surface area for microorganisms to live on
and some also provide oxygen to microorganisms.
23. LIVE SUBSTRATE
Attached growth on
a live substrate
significantly increase
the efficiency and
stability of the
biofilm.
This is the living filter
that cleans the
water, whether
floating in the water
or in soil.
24. BIOFILM STRUCTURE
Large amounts and high
biodiversity of
organisms in the biofilm
eat nutrients and
pathogens in dirty
water.
The root mass acts as a
large BIOFILTER that
traps and consumes
pathogens and
nutrients.
25. One of the denizens of the biofilm:
Collotheca (Rotifer). Eats pretty much everything.
Rotifers eat algae and other
protists, bacteria, and even other
rotifers. One the left it is about to
swallow up a bacteria.
26. Microorganism diversity
Bacteria Algae Protozoa Microanimals
Single-celled
2µm
Single-celled
50-100µm
Multi-cellar
200 µm
Rotifers, Daphnia
200µm – 1 mm
10,000 species
Catalyze most
wastewater
reactions
Charged
Accumulate
C,N,P, Metals
Filter sizes 25µm
(bacteria and algae)
Eaten by fish
Free swimming,
attached, EFBs
Filter algae and
bacteria
There are many, many other types in the biofilm. The general principle is, the
more diversity we give nature to work with (or the more we allow nature to
express diversity), the quicker it achieves a healthy balance: and that means
clean, living water.
The longer a pathogen or parasite has to spend outside its host in this
environment of ferocious competition and surrounded by predators, the
quicker it is dealt with.
27. We need to think like an ecosystem, not
like a machine. This is a W.E.T. system
• Gets better and more
developed as it gets
older
• Soil based system
without concrete and
tanks
• Little cost after initial
investment (payback
time shorter than life
of conventional
sewage system)
• Uses gravity and solar
energy
• Never breaks down,
adapts and evolves
continually
28. Wetland Ecological Treatment (WET)
systems
• Treats not just sewage, but all bio
effluent.
• UK company Biologic Design: >90
systems installed in the UK, which
has some of the strictest waste
water laws in the world.
• Household, farm and industrial
scales.
• Outflow to rivers and
evapotranspiration.
• High biodiversity and wildlife
habitat enhancement
www.biologicdesign.co.uk
29. • A newly built system: when
mature, water will not be
visible – it will look like a
forest.
• Square pond is initial algal
lagoon for solids settlement.
• Subsequent ponds are
“swales” – long ditches on-
contour with soil berms in
between, at 90 degrees to
the slope.
• Sewage soaks slowly through
sequential berms being
filtered by soil microbes on
plant roots.
• Plants consume nutrient and
transpire water into the air.
Layout designed to maximise
“edge” and area for plants.
• Small overflow capacity from
clean end pond into
groundwater
• Spongelike capacity can
absorb heavy rainfall without
flooding.
www.biologicdesign.co.uk
30. A WET system for a large Cider factory
Factory
Apple Orchards
WET system
www.biologicdesign.co.uk
31. …lets zoom in
• Waste has a pH of 4.5
(very acidic!)
• > 10,000 litres per
day
• Factory had to build
new waste treatment
system. This was a
cheaper option than
a conventional
system.
• As business has
grown, so has
treatment capacity of
WET system
Inlet lagoon
Final pond
www.biologicdesign.co.uk
32. Final pond of cider factory system
www.biologicdesign.co.uk
34. The system is built using
earth moving equipment.
Topsoil is removed and the
subsoil is compacted to
create an impermeable layer
if it contains enough clay.
If there is not enough clay,
then a geosynthetic clay liner
(GCL) is used – these have
been developed for use in
lining solid waste landfills.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Geosynthetic_clay_liner
www.biologicdesign.co.uk
35. Highly Biodiverse: UK species list
Wetland plant species
• Alisma plantago-aquatica Water Plantain
• Butomus umbellatus Flowering Rush
• Callitriche spp. Water Starworts
• Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold
• Carex paniculata Great Tussock Sedge
• Carex pendula Pendulous Sedge
• Carex pseudocyperus Cyperous Sedge
• Carex riparia Greater Pond Sedge
• Carex sylvatica Wood-sedge
• Carex remota Remote Sedge
• Ceratophyllum demersum Rigid Hornwort
• Cyperus longus Galingale
• Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass
• Eupatorium cannabinum Hemp Agrimony
• Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet
• Geranium phaeum Dusky Cranesbill
• Geranium pratense Meadow Cranesbill
• Geum rivale Water Avens
• Glyceria maxima Reed Sweet Grass
• Hottonia palustris Water-violet
• Hydrocharis morsus-ranae Frogbit
• Iris pseudacorus Yellow Flag Iris
• Juncus spp. Rushes
• Luzula sylvatica Great Wood Rush
• Lychnis flos-cuculi Ragged Robin
• Lysimachia vulgaris Yellow Loosestrife
• Lythrum salicaria Purple Loosestrife
• Mentha aquatica Water Mint
• Menyanthes trifoliata Bogbean
• Myosotis scorpioides Water Forget-me-not
• Myriophyllum spicatum Spiked Water Milfoil
• Nymphoides peltata Fringed Water Lily
• Petasites hybridus Butterbur
• Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary Grass
• Phragmites communis Common Reed
• Potentilla palustris Marsh Cinquefoil
• Pulicaria dysenterica Fleabane
• Ranunculus lingua Greater Spearwort
• Ranunculus flammula Lesser Spearwort
• Schoenoplectus lacustris Clubrush
• Scirpus sylvaticus Wood Clubrush
• Scrophularia auriculata Water Figwort
• Silene dioica Red Campion
• Sparganium erectum Branched Burr-reed
• Stratiotes aloides Water Soldier
• Symphytum officinale Common Comfrey
• Tanacetum vulgare Tansy
• Tussilago farfara Coltsfoot
• Typha latifolia Greater Reedmace
• Veronica beccabunga Brooklime
• Plus 36 different types of willow (Salix)
www.biologicdesign.co.uk
36. Anatomy of a WET system
Compacted
impermeable
layer (or GCL)
Permeable soil
bank with
compost and
covered in
woodchip or
straw
Effluent comes in
and fills first pond
Effluent gradually soaks through soil banks into
next ponds, by gravity and capillary action.
Nutrients absorbed by microbes living on plant
roots
Water given off to the air through
evapotranspiration
Overflow capacity from clean final
pond into groundwater
37. Simon's Poo pond
This is a step-by-step construction process of a small off-grid system
for a household in the UK for all its black and greywater. Ignore the
straw covered garden beds in the foreground: they are not a part of
the WET system.
38. Inlet: the leachate pipe from the house’s septic tank system. We could
(should) insert an anaerobic digester for biogas in between the septic tank
and the WET system.
39. The subsoil is shaped into ponds and berms, the GCL liner placed on top if not
enough clay in soil, and then topsoil replaced over that. Here we have added some
compost on the top of the berms to aid rapid plant establishment due to the short
growing season in the UK.
40.
41. Pipes will later be removed
once planting has stabilised
the soil and compost and
the water can flow through
the soil beds without
washing them out.
42. 3
INLET CLEAN
SETTLEMENT
POND FOR
WILDLIFE
FINAL CLEAN
OVERFLOW
INTO
WOODLAND
TREATMENT
PONDS
Area around WET system is mulched with woodchip, straw or other carbon-
rich material to inhibit weed growth and act as long-term food source for
beneficial fungi and trees we plant.
46. 11 months after planting
Initial 5
treatment ponds
are now
invisible.
This was also a
year where
there was
almost no
summer – heavy
rain and very
little sunlight, so
growth rates
were reduced.
50. WET systems and productive potential
• Compare to conventional,
leaking, non-functioning and
expensive
– Upstream from Portugal green
gathering site a non
functioning village sewage
plant contaminated the river
and it was not safe to swim in.
– Energy and money
• Soil based systems: Less
aggregate and concrete used
• Importance of the edge effect
(aquaculture and forestry most
productive systems on earth).
The more edge we have the
more capacity for production.
• Implications for turning waste
into resource to support
communities
www.biologicdesign.co.uk
Inlet swale of a large WET system treating dairy slurry from 600 cows.
Full of plants and very little smell.
52. 3rd Priority: Turn waste into resources
• Building materials
– Timber
– Bamboo
– Roof thatch palm and grass
• Food
– Fruit and nut trees
– Animal fodder
– Vegetables and fish possible in
end stage
• Fuel
– Firewood
– Ethanol crops – typha species
– Connected to outflow of plug-
flow biogas systems (right)
53. Anatomy of a WET system
Soil banks can be sized to allow access on top for harvesting: either on foot or
with wheelbarrow or a cart or small vehicle (we don’t want to compact banks)
A range of different crops can be cultivated at different
areas of the edge – from in the water, and at the various
levels up the bank and around the entire system perimeter
55. Now a growing industry in Brazil
And already
very well
established
in Colombia
and Asia.
56. Other options: Fossa Bioseptica –
Evapotranspiration Basin
This is Brazilian design for transforming a septic
tank system into a productive biological
treatment system:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhz0qzDVLkc
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62. Thanks for your attention. Please
remember…
THE PROBLEM IS THE SOLUTION!
Contaminated water can be a huge productive resource
if dealt with in the right way. Nature gives us all the
tools to do this.
Permaculture is an ecological design science that uses
these tools in a holistic and integrated way.
www.biologicdesign.co.uk
www.permaculturenews.org