The document discusses various sources of water pollution in India including agricultural runoff, industrial waste, and city sewage. It notes that 39% of water pollution comes from agriculture, 12% from industry, and 10% from cities. It also discusses solutions to reduce water pollution such as improving sewage treatment, preventing nonpoint runoff, reducing toxic pollutants, and practicing the four R's of resource use.

1. Raj Bhuvan Chauhan
Praveen Kumar
Prashant Dwivedi
Sarvesh Kumar Gautam
Virendra Prajapati
T H E S A V I E R S
GROUP DETAILS:

2. AGRICULTURAL RUN
OFF
INDUSTRIAL WASTE
CITY SEWAGE
OIL SPILLS
39%
12%10%
39%
AGRICULTURE
INDUSTRY
CITY
POWER
COOLING
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
IMPROVED
WATER SUPPLY
IMPROVED
SANITATION
URBAN
RURAL
TOTAL

3. Progress in access to improved drinking water sources shows
different patterns across quintiles, but in all
countries the poorest have the lowest level of service.
In India, progress in access
to improved drinking water
sources has been equity
neutral. Coverage levels have
increased significantly across
all quintiles. The majority of
the richest quintile, however
continues to use piped water
on premises, whereas an
increasing number of the
poorest rely on boreholes with
handpumps.

4.  Fertilizers & Pesticides used in crops
due to rain goes into rivers.
 Animals waste dumped into rivers.
 Pollutants go down into the
groundwater makes it dirty.
 Toxic chemicals from industries are
dumped directly into the nearby rivers
and lands openly.
 Toxic and waste materials used by
industries are thrown in rivers making
water dirty.
 Humans making excess use of water.
 Taking bath in rivers by both humans
& animals especially by pandits &
pujaries.
SOURCES
Urban streets
Suburban development
Wastewater treatment
plant
Rural homes
Cropland
Factory
Animal feedlot
POINT SOURCES
HOW DOES WATER GET AFFECTED DUE TO
THE ABOVE MENTIONED SOURCES

5. MAJOR WATER POLLUTANT AND THEIR SOURCES
•

6. Reducing Water Pollution through
Sewage Treatment

7.  Plant trees to prevent soil erosion
 Prevent groundwater contamination
 Greatly reduce nonpoint runoff
 Reuse treated wastewater for irrigation
 Find substitutes for toxic pollutants
 Work with nature to treat sewage
 Practice four R's of resource use (refuse, reduce, recycle,
reuse)
 Reduce resource waste
 Reduce air pollution
 Reduce poverty
 Reducing water pollution requires preventing it,
working with nature to treat sewage, cutting
resource use and waste, reducing poverty, and
slowing population growth.
 Drainage Area Management Plans
 1987 Water Quality Act
 Strictly regulating hazardous waste disposal
 Storing hazardous materials above ground
 Do not drink bottled water unless tests show that
your tap water is contaminated. Merely refill and
reuse plastic bottles with tap water
 Do not use water fresheners in toilets
 Do not pour pesticides, paints, solvents, oil,
antifreeze, or other products containing harmful
chemicals down the drain or onto the ground
 Reservoirs and purification plants
 Process sewer water to drinking water
 Expose clear plastic containers to sunlight (UV)
 Nano filters
 Exposing to heat and UV rays
 Fine cloths to filter water
 Add small amounts of chlorine

8.  Water supply and sanitation is
a State responsibility under the Indian
Constitution. States may give the
responsibility to the Panchayati
Raj Institutions (PRI) in rural areas
or municipalities in urban areas,
called Urban Local Bodies (ULB).At
present, states generally plan, design
and execute water supply schemes (and
often operate them) through their State
Departments (of Public Health
Engineering or Rural Development
Engineering) or State Water Boards.
 Access to improved water supply exists
if at least 40 liters/capita/day of
safe drinking water are provided within
a distance of 1.6 km or 100 meter of
elevation difference, to be relaxed as
per field conditions. There should be
at least one pump per 250 persons.
 Access to improved water supply exists
if at least 40 liters/capita/day of
safe drinking water are provided within
a distance of 1.6 km or 100 meter of
elevation difference, to be relaxed as
per field conditions. There should be
at least one pump per 250 persons.
 improving water availability and safety
would be small decentralized
distillation units, an especially
attractive approach in places where
infrastructure and distribution
problems are severe
 Technological solutions to the world’s
water problems must be implemented
within systems that recognize and
address these inequities.
 MIT researchers have come up with a new
approach using a different kind of
filtration material: sheets of
graphene, a one-atom-thick form of the
element carbon, which they say can be
far more efficient and possibly less
expensive than existing desalination
systems.
Read more at MIT
News: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/201
2/graphene-water-desalination-0702.html

9.  (including UNICEF
publications, co-
publications with
partners, and
publications
financed by UNICEF)
 Assessing the
Sustained Uptake of
Selected Point of-
Use Water
Treatment Methods
in Emergency
Settings
 Code of Practice for
Cost-Effective
Boreholes
 JMP 2010 Report:
Progress on
Sanitation and
Drinking Water
 JMP regional
snapshots (see
Section 7)
 Global Handwashing
Day: Assessing the
impact of GHD
activities
 Global Handwashing
Day: 100 school
survey
 Global Handwashing
Day: Resource disk
 Household Water
Treatment and Safe
Storage: Field Note
 Raising Clean Hands:
Call to Action for
WASH in Schools
 Raising Clean Hands:
Communication
strategy
 Smart Hygiene
Solutions
 Soap Stories and
Toilet Tales (GHD
Edition)
 Tales of shit:
Community-Led
total Sanitation in
Africa
 Toolkit for
Professionalization
of Manual Drilling in
Africa
Selected UNICEF-supported WASH technical and
capacity building publications, 2010

10. LEGISLATIVE LAWS, PROGRAMMES ACTS…..
THAT ARE BEING FOLLOWED
HUMANMOVEMENTS
ORGANISATIONS
GOVERNMENT
Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970
• --control of oil pollution; work to eliminate
acid mine drainage, pollution of Great
Lakes
CLEAN WATER ACT OF 1972
• --billions of $ to clean up nation’s waters;
modern sewage treatment plants—huge
affect
Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
2002, 2003, March, 2005—Clean Water
Authority Restoration Act—in response to
Supreme Ct. decision Health scientists:
strengthen the law
Sets maximum contaminant levels for any
pollutants that affect human health
Need plan to develop “best management
practices”.
Water-polluting companies: weaken the law
Water Quality Act of 1987
• --national policy for controlling nonpoint
sources of water pollution
Safe Drinking Water Act of 1996
• --risk-based water quality standards,
consumer awareness
Yamuna Action Plan
Service Level Benchmarking (SLB) Program
carried out by the Ministry of Urban
Development (MoUD) in 2006
Ministry of Health &
Family Welfare
Ministry of Social Justice &
Empowerment
Ministry of Tribal Affairs
Ministry of Women &
Child Development
Department of Higher
Education
Department of School
Education & Literacy
National AIDS Control
Organisation (NACO)
Council for Advancement of
People's Action and Rural
Technology (CAPART)
Central Social Welfare
Board (CSWB)
Department of Youth
Affairs
WHO/UNICEF Joint
Monitoring Programme for
Water Supply and
Sanitation.
Clean up the world
Save Ganga
Movement ,by
Gandhian non violent
movement
Ganga Calling - Save
Ganga supported
by Indian Council for
Enviro-Legal Action
(ICELA).
Ganga Seva
Abhiyanam, Pune-
based
NationalWomen's
Organisation (NWO)
LIVE EARTH: Largest
global water
movement

11. MATTERSABOUTTOPIC
Pollution & some solutions, Kaye
O’Brien
Waste water management- ppt
Environment Geology, November 8
Water Pollution, G. Tyler Miller’s,
Living in the Environment 14 Edition,
Chapter 22
Manual on water supply & Treatment
Water conservation- movement in
INDIA, Udaipur
UNICEF, PDF on drinking water
^"Guidelines for Drinking-water
Quality, 4th Edition". World Health
Organization. 2011.
http://liveearth.org/en/save/water
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_su
pply_and_sanitation_in_India
Ministry of water resources:
REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE
FOR DRAFTING OF NATIONAL
WATER FRAMEWORK LAW 2013
PICTURES
Google Images
Bing Images
WHO-
www.who.int/water_sanitati
on_health
Drinking Water Equity,
Safety and Sustainability:
Thematic report on drinking
water 2011
RECORDS-STATISTICS
http://www.unicef.org/wash/file
s/UNICEF_WASH_2010_Annu
al_Report_15_06_2011_Final(1)
.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wat
er_supply_and_sanitation_in_In
dia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wat
er_pollution_in_India
NGO Partnership System
ngo.india.gov.in
Drinking Water Equity, Safety
and Sustainability: Thematic
report on drinking water 2011