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![Pier Luca Lanzi e Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015
/// specify vertices
Vector3[] vertices = new Vector3[4];
vertices[0] = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
vertices[1] = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, m_Length);
vertices[2] = new Vector3(m_Width, 0.0f, m_Length);
vertices[3] = new Vector3(m_Width, 0.0f, 0.0f);
/// specify 2 triangles
int[] indices = new int[6];
/// triangle 1
indices[0] = 0;
indices[1] = 1;
indices[2] = 2;
/// triangle 2
indices[3] = 0;
indices[4] = 2;
indices[5] = 3;
/// create the mesh
Mesh mesh = new Mesh();
mesh.vertices = vertices;
mesh.triangles = indices;
mesh.RecalculateBounds();](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/vdp2015-14-pcgwithunity-151130100221-lva1-app6891/85/Procedural-Content-Generation-with-Unity-8-320.jpg)
![Pier Luca Lanzi e Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015
/// create the normals
Vector3[] normals = new Vector3[4];
normals[0] = Vector3.up;
normals[1] = Vector3.up;
normals[2] = Vector3.up;
normals[3] = Vector3.up;
mesh.normals = normals;
/// create the UV for the full texture
Vector2[] uv = new Vector2[4];
uv[0] = new Vector2(0.0f, 0.0f);
uv[1] = new Vector2(0.0f, 1.0f);
uv[2] = new Vector2(1.0f, 1.0f);
uv[3] = new Vector2(1.0f, 0.0f);
mesh.uv = uv;
/// create the UV for half texture
Vector2[] uv = new Vector2[4];
uv[0] = new Vector2(0.0f, 0.0f);
uv[1] = new Vector2(0.0f, 1.0f);
uv[2] = new Vector2(0.5f, 1.0f);
uv[3] = new Vector2(0.5f, 0.0f);
mesh.uv = uv;](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/vdp2015-14-pcgwithunity-151130100221-lva1-app6891/85/Procedural-Content-Generation-with-Unity-9-320.jpg)
Uploaded byPier Luca Lanzi
Procedural Content Generation with Unity
The document discusses procedural content generation (PCG) in Unity, explaining its core principles and elements such as domain knowledge, structured randomness, and artificial intelligence. It outlines the necessary ingredients for effective PCG including filtering, algorithms, multi-layering, and gameplay integration. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of structured randomness and provides code examples for mesh creation and application of algorithms in various contexts.
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Procedural Content Generation with Unity
- 1. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 Procedural Content Generation with Unity
- 2. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 what’s the basic principle?
- 3. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 f(x) = sin(x) float y = 0f; for (float x = 0f; x<6.28f; x+=.01f) { y = Mathf.Sin(x); }
- 4. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 What the ingredients? domain knowledge structured randomness multi-layering filters, limits & restrictions specialized algorithms artificial intelligence gameplay integration
- 5. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 Outline procedural geometry colors & music
- 6. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 Procedural Geometry
- 7. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015
- 8. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 /// specify vertices Vector3[] vertices = new Vector3[4]; vertices[0] = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); vertices[1] = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, m_Length); vertices[2] = new Vector3(m_Width, 0.0f, m_Length); vertices[3] = new Vector3(m_Width, 0.0f, 0.0f); /// specify 2 triangles int[] indices = new int[6]; /// triangle 1 indices[0] = 0; indices[1] = 1; indices[2] = 2; /// triangle 2 indices[3] = 0; indices[4] = 2; indices[5] = 3; /// create the mesh Mesh mesh = new Mesh(); mesh.vertices = vertices; mesh.triangles = indices; mesh.RecalculateBounds();
- 9. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 /// create the normals Vector3[] normals = new Vector3[4]; normals[0] = Vector3.up; normals[1] = Vector3.up; normals[2] = Vector3.up; normals[3] = Vector3.up; mesh.normals = normals; /// create the UV for the full texture Vector2[] uv = new Vector2[4]; uv[0] = new Vector2(0.0f, 0.0f); uv[1] = new Vector2(0.0f, 1.0f); uv[2] = new Vector2(1.0f, 1.0f); uv[3] = new Vector2(1.0f, 0.0f); mesh.uv = uv; /// create the UV for half texture Vector2[] uv = new Vector2[4]; uv[0] = new Vector2(0.0f, 0.0f); uv[1] = new Vector2(0.0f, 1.0f); uv[2] = new Vector2(0.5f, 1.0f); uv[3] = new Vector2(0.5f, 0.0f); mesh.uv = uv;
- 10. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 public class MeshBuilder { public List<Vector3> Vertices; public List<Vector3> Normals; public List<Vector2> UVs; public void AddTriangle(int i0, int i1, int i2); public Mesh CreateMesh() } MeshBuilder meshBuilder = new MeshBuilder(); //Set up the vertices and triangles: meshBuilder.Vertices.Add(new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f)); meshBuilder.UVs.Add(new Vector2(0.0f, 0.0f)); meshBuilder.Normals.Add(Vector3.up); ... meshBuilder.AddTriangle(0, 1, 2); meshBuilder.AddTriangle(0, 2, 3); ...
- 11. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 MeshBuilder meshBuilder = new MeshBuilder(); for (int i = 0; i < m_SegmentCount; i++) { float z = m_Length * i; for (int j = 0; j < m_SegmentCount; j++) { float x = m_Width * j; Vector3 offset = new Vector3(x, Random.Range(0.0f, m_Height), z); BuildQuad(meshBuilder, offset); } }
- 12. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 12
- 13. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 Ingredients #1 & #2 Domain Knowledge & Artificial Intelligence • Domain Knowledge § To generate something you need to know it § PCG typically aims at building an artificial level designer, usually needs domain knowledge about level design • Artificial Intelligence § Need algorithms that can work on complex knowledge and generate plausible content § Search-based methods, L-systems, evolutionary computation, fractals, cellular automata, agent-based methods, planning, etc. 13
- 14. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 14 ESEMPIO CON LA CAVE? ESEMPIO DI DUNGEON?
- 15. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015
- 16. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 ingredient #3 structured randomness things look like they have been randomly generated but it is not completely at random!
- 17. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 f(x) = sin(x)
- 18. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015
- 19. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 they both look like “noise” but one of them feels like it has structure… it is structured randomness
- 20. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015
- 21. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 ingredient #4 multi-layering typically more layers of procedural content generation are applied in sequence
- 22. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 • Warzone 2100 § Heights & Cliffs § Roads § Textures § Player Bases § Local Features • Civilization 4 § Fractal Heightfield § Plate Tectonics § Tile Types § Rivers and Lakes § Map Bonuses
- 23. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 ingredient #5 Filters, Limits & Restrictions “In Civ3 I would say we even shipped with a sub-standard resource placement algorithm where all the iron could be concentrated in just a few small locations on the map, and for one player there may be literally no way for them to build swordsmen.” – Soren Johnson "With Civ4 we instituted randomness with limitations. There always has to be a minimum distance between each element of iron, or each element of horses, and that completely solved the problem.” – Soren Johnson
- 24. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 ingredient #6 specialized algorithms placing special items, requires special tricks this tricks must be encoded in the PCG
- 25. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 1. Connect all bases, the resources, pick three random points and connect them 2. Apply a customize A* heuristic and reuse roads! 3. Customize A* heuristic with randomize cost of non-road grid cells.
- 26. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 ingredient #7 gameplay integration Is it fun to play? Is the progression adequate?
- 27. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015
- 28. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 is this all there is?
- 29. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 PCG Is it done online? Or offline? Is it necessary content? Or optional? Do you use random seeds or parameter vectors? Is it stochastic? Or deterministic? Generate and test? Constructive?
- 30. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 we can do it, so can you!
- 31. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015http://trackgen.pierlucalanzi.net
- 32. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIUYWzdMXog
- 33. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015http://www.michelepirovano.com/portfolio_swordgenerator.php
- 34. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015http://www.michelepirovano.com/portfolio_swordgenerator.php
- 35. Pier Luca Lanzie Michele Pirovano – Codemotion Milan November 2015 http://www.polimigamecollective.org http://www.facebook.com/polimigamecollective http://www.youtube.com/PierLucaLanzi