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Printing inks
The document details various types of printing inks and methods, including gravure, inkjet, offset lithography, letterpress, and silk screen, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Gravure is noted for its high print quality and longevity but is expensive, while inkjet printing is recognized for its affordability and color capabilities. It also discusses mesh counts, color theory in printing, and the principles behind different printing techniques.
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Printing inks
- 2. TYPES OF PRINTINGINKS Paste inks Energy curing inks Liquid inks • Offset(Sheet fed,web offset) • Letterpress • Intaglio • Flexo • Offset • Screen • Flexography • Gravure • Screen • Inkjet • Digital
- 4. The GravurePress is a form of Intaglio printing. This is where the print is engraved into a cylinder of copper. The engravings are tiny honeycomb shaped cells. The cylinder turns in a big bowl of ink called an ‘ink pan’.
- 5. Advantages - Highestquality possible in a print. - The printer can work for decades. - Each cylinder can make a large number of prints without degrading. -The gravure cylinder can be created with analog or digital plating processes. -Gravure is the preferred method of producing magazines and catalogs Disadvantages - Expensive Price - $1 million USD for the printer and each cylinder costs $5000.
- 6. The Platesare large cylinder with minute honeycomb shaped pieces of copper. The copper pieces are placed an equal distance apart Below the copper is a thin wear-resistant layer which is un-engravable to ensure that it will only get into the copper. Each plate can make a large number of impressions without degrading.
- 8. Can beprinted on a wide variety of materials. Preferred over other methods, because of its low cost.
- 9. Two mainfunctions – Provide support for stencil. – Control ink flow. Mesh count: how many opening per inch. – Fine mesh=100 count (ct) up to 500 ct. mesh More detail and uses less ink; feels softer to touch. Less likely to smear on non-absorbent substrates. – Coarse mesh=40 to 100 ct. mesh Heavy ink deposit (good for light inks on dark shirts. Better opacity
- 10. Inkjet Printingcame about in the late 1980’s Have become the replacement printer for the Serial Dot Matrix in the home Two Main Reasons: I. Price II. Color capabilities
- 11. Produce charactersby squirting a precisely controlled amount of ink onto the paper Dots are extremely small usually 50-60 microns in diameter (Human Hair approx 70 microns) Dots are placed very precisely on the paper in a pattern up to 1440 x 720 dots per inch Dots can be different colors and can be of photographic quality
- 12. Print headcontains a series of Nozzles that put the ink on the paper.
- 13. Offset lithography ◦type is offset from the printing plate to a blanket then to the paper. Engraving ◦ ink wells shaped like the type transfer image direct to the paper -- ink surface is raised off the paper Thermography ◦ treated inks, heat dried to rise (like bread) from the paper surface
- 14. Reprographics ◦ copyingor duplicating (Xerox or Kinko’s) Digital printing ◦ printing direct from computer files (Giclée, IRIS continuous tone printing) Silk screen ◦ ink is pressed through a sieve onto many surfaces
- 15. The visible spectrum Usedin monitors. Primary Colors are Red, Blue and Green When combined it produces ‘white’ light or the combination of all visible colors.
- 16. A letterpressworks much like a sophisticated rubber stamp. The raised image area is inked by large rollers and the ink is then transferred directly to the paper sheet.
- 17. The oldestprinting process Relief printing One color (usually black) thick layer of ink Economical for between 500 and 5,000 copies Limited typefaces available Used mainly for text only - not suitable for half tone illustrations Most often used for text pages of books
- 18. To makea print, ink is pushed into the lines of the design. The surface is then wiped clean so that the only areas with ink are the lines. A sheet of paper which has been soaked in water is then placed on the plate which is run through a printing press.
- 19. Lithography isthe art of printing from a flat stone or metal plate by a method based on the simple fact that grease attracts grease as it repels water.
- 20.