disaster risk reduction management

1. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
AND MANAGEMENT (DRRM)
AND CLIMATE CHANGE (CC)
TERMINOLOGIES

2. RA 10121
The PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2010
-passed by the Senate and the House of Representatives on
February 1, 2010 and was approved by President Gloria
Macapagal Arroyo on May 27, 2010.
 1. Emphasizes the need to adopt a disaster risk reduction and
management approach that is holistic, comprehensive,
integrated and proactive in order to lessen the socio-economic
and environmental impacts of disasters as well as climate
change.
 2. A shift of focus from disaster response and recovery towards
prevention & mitigation and preparedness.

3. 3. Provides a strong and legal institutionalized basis
in establishing DRRM related policies, plans,
implementation of action and awareness including
good governance, risk assessment, early warning
system, knowledge-building and awareness raising,
reducing underlying risk factor, and preparedness
for effective response and early recovery.

4. HAZARD
A dangerous phenomenon ,
substance , human activity or
condition that may cause loss
of life, injury or other health
impacts, property damage, loss
of livelihoods and services,
social and economic disruption,
or environmental damage.
• There is a
potential…
• Slow onset, rapid
onset
• Natural or human-
induced

5. NATURAL HAZARDS
 TROPICAL CYCLONES
 FLOODS
 STORM SURGES
 EARTHQUAKES
 TSUNAMIS
 VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
 LANDSLIDES
 DROUGHT

6. HUMAN-INDUCED HAZARDS
 FIRE
 MARITIME ACCIDENTS
 AIRCRAFT CRASH
 LAND ACCIDENTS
 INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
 POLLUTION
 CIVIL DISTURBANCE
 TERRORISM
 ARMED CONFLICT

7. DISASTER
The serious disruption of the functioning of society,
causing widespread human, material or environmental
losses, which exceed the ability of the affected people to
cope using their own resources.

8. DISASTER RISK
The potential disaster losses, in lives, health
status, livelihoods, assets and services, which
could occur to a particular community or a
society over some specified future time
period.

9. VULNERABILITY
The characteristics and
circumstances of a
community, system or asset
that make it susceptible to
the damaging effects of a
hazard.

10. CAPACITY
The combination of all
the strengths, attributes
and resources available
within a community,
society or organization
that can be used to
achieve agreed goals.

11. PREVENTION
The outright avoidance of adverse impacts of
hazards and related disasters.
Sendai Framework for DRR speaks of
prevention as “prevention of new risks”

12. MITIGATION
The lessening or limitation of the adverse impacts of
hazards and related disasters.
• Adverse impacts of hazards often cannot be
prevented fully – use interchangeably with
prevention
• Scale or severity can be substantially lessened by
various strategies and actions
• Both structural and non-structural measures

13. PREPAREDNESS
The knowledge and capacities developed by
governments, professional response and
recovery organizations, communities and
individuals to effectively anticipate, respond
to, and recover from, the impacts of likely,
imminent or current hazard events or
conditions.
• Requires formal institutional, legal and
budgetary support and capacities
• Aims to build capacities needed to
efficiently manage all types of emergencies

14. RESPONSE
Provision of emergency services and public assistance
during or immediately after a disaster in order to save
lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and
meet the basic subsistence needs of the people
affected.
• Immediate and short-term needs
• Division between response stage and
subsequent recovery stage is not clear-cut
• Response actions, such as the supply of
temporary housing and water supplies, may
extend well into the recovery stage

15. REHABILITATION
Measures that ensure the ability of affected
communities/areas to restore their normal level of
functioning by rebuilding livelihood and damaged
infrastructures and increasing the communities'
organizational capacity.
• Actions taken in the aftermath of disaster
to:
• Assist victims to repair their dwellings
• Re-establish essential services
• Revive key economic and social
activities

16. RECONSTRUCTION
Permanent measures to repair or replace
damaged
dwellings and infrastructure and to set the
economy back on
course.
“build back better”

17. RECOVERY
The restoration and improvement where
appropriate, of facilities, livelihood and living
conditions of disaster-affected communities,
including efforts to reduce disaster risk factors.
Applies “build back better” principle

18. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
The concept and practice of reducing disaster risks
through systematic efforts to analyze and manage
the causal factors of disasters, including through
reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability
of people and property, wise management of land
and the environment, and improved preparedness
for adverse events.
Sendai Framework for DRR speaks
of DRR as “reducing existing risks”

19. DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
The systematic process of using administrative
directives, organizations, and operational skills
and capacities to implement strategies, policies
and improved coping capacities in order to
lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and the
possibility of disaster.
DRM is DRR in ACTION

20. RESILIENCE
The ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards
to resist, absorb, accommodate and recover from the effects of
a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the
preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures
and functions.
No internationally
agreed definition

21. DO 37, s. 2015 “The Comprehensive
Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management (DRRM) in Education
Framework”
12 August 2015

22. RA 10121
COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL SAFETY FRAMEWORK
THE DRRM IN EDUCATION FRAMEWORK
(DepEd Order No. 37, s. 2015)

23. RA 10121 – PHILIPPINE DRRM ACT OF 2010
DRRM
Framework

24. The NDRRM Framework
 1. Thematic Area 1: Disaster Prevention and Mitigation -
avoid hazards and mitigate their impacts by reducing
vulnerabilities and exposure and enhancing capacities of
community.
 2. Thematic Area 2: Disaster Preparedness
- establish and strengthen capacities of communities to
anticipate, cope and recover from the negative impacts of
emergency occurrences and disaster.
 3. Thematic Area 3: Disaster Response
- provide life preservation and meet the basic subsistence
needs of affected population based on acceptable standards
during or immediately after a disaster.

25.  4. Thematic Area 4: Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
- restore and improve facilities, livelihood, living condition
and organizational capacities of affected communities and
reduce disaster risk in accordance with the “Build Back Better”
principle.
 The state recognizes that the education sector is a key
player in DRRM. Specific sections of RA 10121 containing key
provisions for education includes:
1. Institutionalize DRRM and CCA mainstreaming into
agencies’ policies, processes with continuing budget
appropriation.
2. Dep Ed as a member of the national and local DRRM
councils.
3. Integration of DRRM into the school curriculum.

26. Comprehensive School Safety Framework
Adapting DO 37, s.2015
THE THREE PILLARS
 1. Safe Learning Facilities
Includes infrastructure and non-infrastructure
components. It also includes the establishment of TLS that can
be used during displacement due to disasters and emergencies.
 2. School Disaster Management
Includes preparedness such as drills, first aid, basic
survival skills, contingency planning and learning continuity
strategies.
 3. Risk Reduction and Resilience in Education
The integration of DRRM in the formal and non-formal
curricula and in extra-curricular activities. Also covers
capacity building for learners and personnel.

27. Protect learners and education workers from
death, injury, and harm in schools
Plan for educational continuity in the face of all
expected hazards and threats
Safeguard education sector investments
Strengthen risk reduction and resilience through
education
OBJECTIVES

28. DO 83, s. 2011
DO 28, s. 2016
DO 43, s. 2012
DO 48, s. 2012
DO 58, s. 2015
DO 27, s. 2015
DO 50, s. 2011
DO 05, s. 2014
DO 21, s. 2015
DO 37, s. 2015
DO 10, s. 2016
PILLAR 1
DRRM POLICIES

29. PILLAR 1: SAFE LEARNING FACILITIES
Disaster Resilient Classroom Design Temporary Learning Space (TLS)

30. PILLAR 2: SCHOOL DISASTER MANAGEMENT
The establishment of organizational support structures
such as the DRRMS and DRRM Coordinators in all regional
and division offices of DepEd.
Includes preparedness, such as drills, first aid and basic
survival skills, contingency planning, and learning
continuity strategies.
This also covers the setting up of systems, processes and
standards to operationalize the four thematic areas in the
context of basic education.

31. PILLAR 3: RISK REDUCTION AND RESILIENCE IN
EDUCATION
The integration of DRRM in the and
school curricula and in extra-
curricular activities.
Also covers capacity building for learners and
personnel.

32. DRRM Coordination and Information
Management Protocols
 A. Coordination Protocols
Adapting Section 15: Coordination During Emergencies of RA 10121
The corresponding DepEd offices shall lead in the
activation of the EOC in preparing for, responding to, and
recovering from the effects of any disaster or emergencies:
i. Two (2) or more schools are affected – SDO
ii. Two (2) or more divisions are affected – RO
iii. Two (2) or more regions are affected – CO direct
intervention. However, the CO may and will intervene in
cases where the impact is beyond the capacity of the
corresponding office and/or as it sees fit, e.g. direct threat
to life.

33.  1. Early Warnings
CO sends early warnings, alerts, tracking reminders and
other requests for reports to all identified affected regions and
divisions.
Upon issuance of an advisory by the NDRRMC and
other warning agencies such as PAGASA, PHIVOLCS, the
DepED CO DRRMO will send advisories, alerts, and warning
messages to all Region and Division local DepEd key officials
as well as the DRRM Coordinators. The DRRM Coordinators
should forward these issuances to their respective areas of
responsibility.
 2. Tracking of Local DepEd Key Officials
During disasters and/or emergencies, all local DepEd
key officials are required to report their status to ensure that
their safety and local leadership are maintained.

34.  3. Reporting of Local Disasters and/or Emergencies and
its Effects
The DRRM Coordinators shall submit their vetted reports
to the higher office (i.e. DO, RO and CO, whichever is
applicable). In cases wherein the reports should be submitted
directly to CO, the immediate higher office should be copy
furnished with the same report.

35. STEPS IN IMPLEMENTING SCHOOL DRRM
STEP 1: ASSESS – KNOW YOUR RISKS
This step guides the knowing and
understanding of risks which may affect
learners and teachers.
STEP 2: PLAN
Reduce your risks, prepare to respond,
and ensure educational continuity.
STEP 3: IMPLEMENT PLAN…
… and be flexible!
STEP 4: MONITOR, EVALUATE, AND
REPORT

36. STEPS IN IMPLEMENTING SCHOOL DRRM
STEP 1: ASSESS – KNOW YOUR
RISKS
This step guides the knowing and
understanding of risks which may
affect learners and teachers.

37. STEPS IN IMPLEMENTING SCHOOL DRRM
STEP 2: PLAN
Reduce your risks, prepare to
respond, and ensure educational
continuity.

38. STEPS IN IMPLEMENTING SCHOOL DRRM
STEP 3: IMPLEMENT
PLAN…
… and be flexible!

39. STEPS IN IMPLEMENTING SCHOOL DRRM
STEP 4: MONITOR,
EVALUATE, AND REPORT

40. 40 THE RADAR AND ITS PROTOCOLS
WHAT: The Rapid Assessment of Damages Report (RADaR)
is DepEd’s official damage assessment tool for large-scale
natural hazards.
WHEN: It is accomplished and completed WITHIN 72 HOURS
after the hazard.
WHO: It is accomplished and sent by the School DRRM
Coordinators to the DepEd DRRMS, with copy for the Division
Office.
Source: DepEd Order No. 21 s. 2015

41. RADaR APP Registration
https:// drrmis.deped.gov.ph

42. WHAT TO REPORT?
RADAR 1 RADAR 2
Infrastructural Damages* School Furniture
Personnel Learning Materials
Evacuation Centers Computer Sets

43. WHAT NOT TO REPORT?
RADAR 1 RADAR 2
Damages outside
classrooms
Damaged Appliances
School Name
Computer damages (non-
DepEd)
Remember: 1 hazard per
SMS
Costing*

44. 45
WHAT HAPPENS AFTER SENDING?
RADaR
Clearing
Consolida-
ting
Feedback-
giving
Validating
and Vetting
of damages
Provision of
Support for
Response,
Early
Recovery and
Rehabili-
tation
1
2
3
4
5

45. VALIDATION AND VETTING PROCESS
 Division Coordinators should follow-up completion from schools
 Likewise, Regional Coordinators should support Division Coordinators
to get 100% completion
 Division Coordinators should mobilize the validation of damages as
soon as possible, to be vetted by the SDS
 Damaged Learning Materials should also be incorporated into inventory
per title, grade level and quantity

46. POSSIBLE SUPPORT
FROM DEPED FROM PARTNERS
School Clean-up Funds Learning Kits
Temporary Learning Spaces WASH Kits
Textbooks
Temporary Learning Spaces (Tents
and Tarpaulins)
Computer Sets and Classroom
Furniture
Teachers’ Kits
Psychosocial First Aid/Support Classroom furniture
Classroom Repair and
Reconstruction

47.  B. Information Management Protocols
In the event of any hazard, the DepEd CO DRRMO shall
collect from and disseminate consolidated reports to all affected
regions, divisions and schools the following information:
i. Before
•Hazards advisories and occurrences;
•Baseline data;
•Prevention and mitigation measures undertaken;
•Preparedness measures undertaken.
ii. During and after
•Personnel affected;
•Personnel tracking;
•Learners affected;
•Schools used as evacuation centers;
•Classroom damages;
•Temporary Learning Spaces;
•Other interventions.

48. Immediately after the occurrence of any hazard, all
affected schools are required to submit the effects in their
respective AOR using the RADaR template via SMS. All
RADaR should be submitted within 72 hours after any
hazard or emergency to facilitate the immediate
determination of needs and necessary provision of
assistance.
Upon the completion of RADaR submissions from
affected areas, the CO DRRMO will endorse reported
classroom and school furniture damages to Physical
Facilities and Schools Engineering Division for detailed
assessment, preparation of program of work and fund
allocation for repair and reconstruction. Textbook damages
will be forwarded to Instructional Materials Council
Secretariat (IMCS) to give them a rough estimate of the
number of damaged textbook.

49. All schools shall prepare detailed listing of damaged
textbooks in the divisions affected.
Lastly, details on the damaged computers will also be
prepared by schools after submitting the RADaR to facilitate
validation that will be conducted by the DepEd technical
Service.

50. 51
Department
Order/
Memorandum
Title
DO 50, s. 2011
Creation of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Office
DO 83, s. 2011 Disaster Preparedness Measures for Schools
DO 43, s. 2012 Guidelines on the implementation of E.O. No. 66
DO 48, s. 2012
Quarterly Conducts of the Nationwide School-based
Earthquake and Fire Drills
DO 5, s. 2014
Implementing Guidelines on the Integration of Gulayan
sa Paaralan, Solid Waste Management and Tree Planting
Under the National Greening Program (NGP)

51. 52
Department Order/
Memorandum
Title
DM 58, s. 2015
Dissemination of DepEd-DSWD-DILG-DOH Joint
Memorandum Circular No. 1, s. 2013
DO 21, s. 2015
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Coordination
and Information Management Protocol
DO 23, s. 2015 Student-Led School watching and Hazard Mapping
DO 27, s. 2015 Promoting Family Earthquake Preparedness
DO 37, s. 2015
The Comprehensive Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management (DRRM) in Education Framework

52. 53
Department
Order/
Memorandum
Title
DO 10, s. 2016
Policy and Guidelines for the Comprehensive Water,
Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools (WINS) Program
DO 28, s. 2016
Strengthening the Fire Safety and Awareness
Program

54. Thank you