This document provides an overview and examples of adjective clauses. It defines adjective clauses as dependent clauses that describe a noun or pronoun in an independent clause. Adjective clauses use relative pronouns like who, whom, which, and that. Examples are provided of adjective clauses modifying people using who and whom, things using which and that, and possessive structures using whose. Sentence combining exercises demonstrate how to rewrite sentences using adjective clauses.

1. 4
Adjective Clauses:
Review and Expansion
The Fearless Princess
A Fairytale
Focus on Grammar 5
Part IV, Unit 11
By Ruth Luman, Gabriele Steiner, and BJ Wells
Copyright © 2006. Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

2. Once upon a time,
there was a
prince.
He decided to take
a walk in a dark
and scary forest.
All of a sudden,
a terrible storm
moved in…
…and the prince got
completely lost.

3. In the morning, a terrifying
dragon found the prince.
The prince became very,
very scared.
Suddenly a knight in
armor appeared from
behind a tree and
attacked the dragon.
Now, the terrible
dragon was afraid
and ran away.

4. When the prince
walked up to the
knight, the knight
took off his armor …
… and a beautiful
princess stood in
front of him.
She was strong
and smart and
sweet …

5. … and she took
him to her castle
where they lived
happily ever
after.

6. Definitions
Definitions
Can you complete these definitions?
An adjective describes or modifies a noun or pronoun.
An adjective describes …
An adjective clause is a …
An adjective clause is a dependent clause
that describes a noun or pronoun in a main clause.
Adjective clause pronouns (or relative
Adjective clause pronouns (or relative pronouns)
are who,pronouns) are …
whom, which, and that.

7. Relative Pronouns 1
Relative Pronouns 1
Use who and that to refer to people.
This is the prince
who got lost.
Here is the knight
that the prince respects.
This is the princess who
saved the prince.

8. Relative Pronouns 2
Relative Pronouns 2
Use which and that to refer to things.
The knight holds the sword
which scared the dragon.
The dragon that scared the
prince spits fire.

9. Relative Pronouns 3
Relative Pronouns 3
That is less formal than who and which.
which
The knight holds the sword
that scared the dragon.
This is the princess
that saved the prince’s life.

10. Adjective Clauses 1
Adjective Clauses 1
Here is the knight.
He attacked the dragon.
subject
Here is the knight who attacked the dragon.
noun
adjective clause
describes the noun

11. Adjective Clauses 2
Adjective Clauses 2
Do you see the dragon?
It scared the prince.
subject
Do you see the dragon that scared the prince?
noun
adjective clause
describes the noun

12. Adjective Clauses 3
Adjective Clauses 3
The dragon was
dangerous.
The knight attacked the dragon.
object
subject
The dragon that the knight attacked was very dangerous.
noun
adjective clause
describes the noun

13. Adjective Clauses 4
Adjective Clauses 4
The prince was scared.
The princess saved him.
object
subject
The prince whom the princess saved was scared.
noun
adjective clause
describes the noun

14. Practice 1
2
Form sentences with
adjective clauses.
Who and
what
are these
fairytale
figures and
items?
1
5
3
4

15. Using Whose 1
Using Whose 1
Use whose to replace a possessive adjective.
An adjective clause with whose can modify people.
The princess was powerful.
They lived in her castle.
noun
The princess whose castle they lived in was powerful.

16. Using Whose 2
Using Whose 2
An adjective clause with whose can also
modify things.
The dragon ran away.
Its appearance terrified the prince.
noun
The dragon whose appearance terrified the prince ran away.

17. Practice 2
Combine the sentences below.
Change the second sentence to an
adjective clause.
The dragon, dangerous.
1. The dragon iswhose fire and smoke
His fireeveryone, is scare everyone.
scare and smoke dangerous.
2. The storm is frightening. the prince is
storm, through which
The prince is walking through the storm.
walking, is frightening.
3. The princess is fearless. the prince
princess, with whom
The prince escapes with her.
escapes, is fearless.

18. References
References
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education and
its licensors. All rights reserved.