The document describes the present perfect tense, which is used to describe or express an action that occurred at an unspecified time before now. It provides the affirmative, negative, and interrogative patterns for the present perfect tense using the verbs "have" and "has" plus the past participle. Some common adverbs used with the present perfect tense are also listed such as ever, never, just, already, and yet along with examples of each.

1. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Describing or expressing an action that happened at an unspecified time before now.

2. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

3. LANGUAGE FOCUS: Present Perfect Tense Pattern : Affirmative (+) I/ you / we / they + have + pple He / she / it + has + pple Example: I have had breakfast Ms. Ulies has sent the e-mail.

4. LANGUAGE FOCUS: Present Perfect Tense Pattern : Negative (-) I/ you / we / they + haven't + pple He / she / it + hasn't + pple Example: I haven’t had breakfast Ms. Ulies hasn’t sent the e-mail.

5. LANGUAGE FOCUS: Present Perfect Tense Pattern : Interrogative (?) Have + I/ you / we / they + pple Has + He / she / it + pple Example: Have you had breakfast? Has she sent the e-mail?

6. Other usage: A few adverbs are used in present perfect. Ever, never, just, already, yet

7. Examples AFFIRMATIVE (+) 1. I have just met Mr. Agus. 2. The students have already finished their homework.

8. Examples NEGATIVE (-) 3. Viby has never travelled by train. 4. I have never been to France. 5. She hasn't phoned yet .

9. Examples INTERROGATIVE (?) 6. A: Have you ever climbed Everest ? B : No, I haven’t . 7. Have you ever been to Germany? 8. Has she called you yet ?