preparation of nylon 66
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•7,329 views
The document summarizes the synthesis of nylon 66. It lists the aim, introduction, materials used, procedure, and conclusion. The procedure involves mixing hexamethylenediamine and NaOH in water, mixing sebacoyl chloride in hexane, adding the solutions together which turns sticky, and extracting nylon 66 using a glass rod. The conclusion states that the formed nylon 66 can be extruded and granulated or directly spun into fibers.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Nylon 6 Fiber
The document discusses nylon 6 fiber, including its production from caprolactam. Caprolactam is produced from cyclohexanone through several chemical reactions. Nylon 6 is synthesized through ring-opening polymerization of caprolactam. The polymerization occurs at high temperatures and results in a semi-crystalline structure. Nylon 6 fibers are produced through melt spinning and have properties derived from hydrogen bonding between amide groups and van der Waals forces between flexible chains.
Nylon 6,6 presentation
Nylon 6,6 is a type of polyamide polymer commonly known as nylon. It has a repeating molecular structure formed from the condensation polymerization of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, resulting in the loss of water. Nylon 6,6 has various desirable physical properties such as stability, strength, and resistance to water, heat, and chemicals, making it suitable for applications such as tires, ropes, parachutes, swimwear, and machine parts.
Nylon 66
Nylon 6-6 is a synthetic polyamide produced from adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine. It has high tensile strength, flexibility, and resistance to heat, chemicals and abrasion. Nylon 6-6 is manufactured through a continuous polymerization process where the monomers are combined to form molten nylon 6-6, which is then extruded and spun into filaments. Common applications of nylon 6-6 include carpets, tires, conveyor belts, hoses and other mechanical parts previously made of metal.
nylon 66 BY.zagros
This document presents information about nylon 6,6 polymer. It discusses the history of nylon 6,6's development beginning in 1927. It then describes the synthesis of nylon 6,6 which involves a step-growth polymerization of hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid. The document outlines the physical and chemical properties of nylon 6,6 including its elasticity, stiffness, melting point, and resistance to chemicals. Common applications of nylon 6,6 are mentioned such as uses in pipes, machine parts, carpets, and tires due to its strength, rigidity, and stability at high temperatures. Finally, advantages like heat and chemical resistance and disadvantages such as water absorption are highlighted.
Preparation of nylon 6,6 by condensation polymerization
Nylon 6,6 is an aliphatic polyamide synthesized using step-growth condensation polymerization of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid monomers. It has various applications like carpets, airbags and tires due to its properties like high mechanical strength, rigidity, heat and chemical resistance from strong hydrogen bonding between polymer chains. However, nylon also absorbs moisture which can degrade its electrical and mechanical properties.
Nylon 6 & Nylon 6,6
Rishi Pandey completed a chemistry investigatory project on Nylon 6 and Nylon 6,6 during the 2016-2017 academic year at K.V. Faizabad Cantt U.P. The project involved experiments and research on the properties and production of Nylon 6 and Nylon 6,6. It concluded that the surface of Nylon 6 is zwitterionic and selectively retains both acidic and ionic proteins to a minimal extent. The social outcomes discussed the environmental impacts of Nylon production and ways to reduce consumption and properly care for Nylon products.
Nylon fibre
polyamides and their types. synthesis of nylon 6 and nylon 6,6 . characteristics, modern use and preparation of nylon fibre
Nylon 6
Nylon 6 is a semicrystalline thermoplastic polymer synthesized from caprolactam via ring-opening polymerization. It has high tensile strength, elasticity, and resistance to abrasion and chemicals. Common applications include fibers, ropes, bristles, gears, bearings, surgical sutures, and more. Nylon degrades slowly and is used for banners, flags, clothing like jackets, and other outdoor materials due to its durability against UV light and weathering.
Recommended
Nylon 6 Fiber
The document discusses nylon 6 fiber, including its production from caprolactam. Caprolactam is produced from cyclohexanone through several chemical reactions. Nylon 6 is synthesized through ring-opening polymerization of caprolactam. The polymerization occurs at high temperatures and results in a semi-crystalline structure. Nylon 6 fibers are produced through melt spinning and have properties derived from hydrogen bonding between amide groups and van der Waals forces between flexible chains.
Nylon 6,6 presentation
Nylon 6,6 is a type of polyamide polymer commonly known as nylon. It has a repeating molecular structure formed from the condensation polymerization of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, resulting in the loss of water. Nylon 6,6 has various desirable physical properties such as stability, strength, and resistance to water, heat, and chemicals, making it suitable for applications such as tires, ropes, parachutes, swimwear, and machine parts.
Nylon 66
Nylon 6-6 is a synthetic polyamide produced from adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine. It has high tensile strength, flexibility, and resistance to heat, chemicals and abrasion. Nylon 6-6 is manufactured through a continuous polymerization process where the monomers are combined to form molten nylon 6-6, which is then extruded and spun into filaments. Common applications of nylon 6-6 include carpets, tires, conveyor belts, hoses and other mechanical parts previously made of metal.
nylon 66 BY.zagros
This document presents information about nylon 6,6 polymer. It discusses the history of nylon 6,6's development beginning in 1927. It then describes the synthesis of nylon 6,6 which involves a step-growth polymerization of hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid. The document outlines the physical and chemical properties of nylon 6,6 including its elasticity, stiffness, melting point, and resistance to chemicals. Common applications of nylon 6,6 are mentioned such as uses in pipes, machine parts, carpets, and tires due to its strength, rigidity, and stability at high temperatures. Finally, advantages like heat and chemical resistance and disadvantages such as water absorption are highlighted.
Preparation of nylon 6,6 by condensation polymerization
Nylon 6,6 is an aliphatic polyamide synthesized using step-growth condensation polymerization of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid monomers. It has various applications like carpets, airbags and tires due to its properties like high mechanical strength, rigidity, heat and chemical resistance from strong hydrogen bonding between polymer chains. However, nylon also absorbs moisture which can degrade its electrical and mechanical properties.
Nylon 6 & Nylon 6,6
Rishi Pandey completed a chemistry investigatory project on Nylon 6 and Nylon 6,6 during the 2016-2017 academic year at K.V. Faizabad Cantt U.P. The project involved experiments and research on the properties and production of Nylon 6 and Nylon 6,6. It concluded that the surface of Nylon 6 is zwitterionic and selectively retains both acidic and ionic proteins to a minimal extent. The social outcomes discussed the environmental impacts of Nylon production and ways to reduce consumption and properly care for Nylon products.
Nylon fibre
polyamides and their types. synthesis of nylon 6 and nylon 6,6 . characteristics, modern use and preparation of nylon fibre
Nylon 6
Nylon 6 is a semicrystalline thermoplastic polymer synthesized from caprolactam via ring-opening polymerization. It has high tensile strength, elasticity, and resistance to abrasion and chemicals. Common applications include fibers, ropes, bristles, gears, bearings, surgical sutures, and more. Nylon degrades slowly and is used for banners, flags, clothing like jackets, and other outdoor materials due to its durability against UV light and weathering.
Polyamide
Polyamide fibers are composed of long molecular chains containing repeating amide groups. The two most common polyamides used to produce nylon fibers are nylon 6, which is made from caprolactam, and nylon 6,6, which is made from adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine. Nylon 6 is produced by polymerizing caprolactam, a white solid made from coal tar derivatives, above 500°C. Nylon 6,6 is formed through condensation polymerization of adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine with the loss of water. Both nylons are melt spun into fibers and widely used in applications such as fabrics, carpets, ropes and tires
Polypropylene
Polypropylene is a linear hydrocarbon polymer made from the monomer propylene. It was first produced commercially in 1954 using catalysts developed for polyethylene. Polypropylene has applications in areas like automotive components, films, fibers, and foams due to its properties like being semi-rigid, tough, chemically resistant and heat resistant. It is produced via chain-growth polymerization of propene using gas-phase, bulk, or slurry polymerization processes.
polyamides
This presentation covers almost every aspects of polyamide industrially chemically and applications in detail .
NYLON
This document provides information on Nylon 6 and Nylon 66, including their preparation, manufacturing, structure-property relationships, applications, and composites. Nylon 6 is prepared from epsilon-caprolactam and water, while Nylon 66 is prepared from hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid. Both are manufactured using continuous polymerization processes. Their properties, such as strength and melting point, are influenced by factors like the distance between functional groups and molecular weight. Common applications include business equipment, consumer products, electrical/machinery parts, and automotive components. Composites with fibers or fillers can enhance properties for specific applications.
An introduction to rubber technology
Natural rubber is obtained from latex extracted from rubber trees. It is composed primarily of the monomer isoprene. Throughout history, various advancements were made in rubber technology, including vulcanization which allows rubber to retain its shape. There are now many types of both natural and synthetic rubbers produced for various applications. The basic rubber compound involves mixing the rubber polymer with sulfur, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and accelerators. Additional components like fillers and plasticizers are often included to modify the properties of the cured rubber material. Rubber is processed using equipment like mills, mixers, extruders, calenders, and molds.
presentation on Nylon Fiber.
Nylon is a synthetic polymer first produced in 1935. There are various types of nylon fibers depending on their chemical structure, including nylon 6 and nylon 6,6. Nylon 6 is produced through ring-opening polymerization of caprolactam, while nylon 6,6 is synthesized through polycondensation of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid. Both nylon 6 and nylon 6,6 fibers are strong, durable, and resistant to chemicals and abrasion. Common applications of nylon fibers include carpets, clothing like socks and lingerie, and waterproof materials.
Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR)
Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is a synthetic rubber derived from styrene and butadiene monomers. There are two main types - emulsion polymerized SBR (E-SBR) and solution polymerized SBR (S-SBR). E-SBR accounts for over 50% of car tire production and is also used in conveyor belts, footwear, adhesives and more. S-SBR offers improved properties for tires and is increasingly used. The document discusses the production, properties and applications of SBR.
Polypropylene fiber slides
Polypropylene is a thermoplastic polymer derived from the monomer propylene. It was first synthesized in the 1950s and is now the second most widely produced plastic globally. There are two main methods for producing polypropylene - gas phase and liquid phase polymerization processes, which both use Ziegler-Natta catalysts. As a fiber, polypropylene has good strength, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance. It finds major uses in nonwovens like diapers and filters, as well as clothing, ropes, furniture and medical devices.
Rubber manufacturing pdf
you will get more updates follow
www.facebook.com/syedmehran04
www.instagram.com/syedmehran04
www.twitter.com/syedmehran04
Silicon rubber pankaj kumar das
Silicon rubber is an inorganic polymer composed of silicon and oxygen in its backbone. It is synthesized from dimethyldichlorosilane through hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions. Silicon rubber has excellent thermal stability, flexibility even at low temperatures, and resistance to chemicals and weathering. It is widely used in medical applications like tubing and implants due to its biocompatibility, as well as in mechanical applications for seals, gaskets and vibration damping.
Poly olefins - Manufacturing & applications
1. Polyolefins are polymers produced from olefin or alkene monomers, with ethylene being the simplest and most common monomer. They are produced via polymerization of ethylene extracted from petroleum through cracking of longer hydrocarbon chains.
2. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is produced via free radical polymerization of ethylene under high pressures of 1000-3000 atm and temperatures of 200-275°C. It is used for products like bottles and tubing due to its low cost, chemical resistance, and flexibility.
3. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is produced using Ziegler-Natta catalysts under lower pressures than LDPE. It is stronger
Styrene butadiene rubber
Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is a synthetic rubber derived from styrene and butadiene monomers. There are two main types: emulsion SBR produced via emulsion polymerization, and solution SBR produced via anionic polymerization. SBR has good abrasion resistance and aging stability when protected by additives. Approximately 50% of car tires are made from SBR, with higher styrene content rubbers being harder and less rubbery. Common applications of SBR include use in car tires, shoe soles, gaskets, and coated papers.
viscose rayon
Viscose rayon is a manufactured fiber made from regenerated cellulose. It is produced through a process involving treating cellulose pulp with chemicals to create a viscous solution called viscose, which is then forced through spinnerets into an acid bath to harden into filaments. Viscose rayon is inexpensive to produce, with properties similar to cotton. It can be used to make fabrics for apparel, home furnishings, and nonwoven materials.
Nylon
Nylon is a synthetic polymer made through condensation polymerization. The most common types are nylon 6, made from caprolactam monomer, and nylon 6,6, made from adipoyl chloride and hexamethylene diamine monomers. Nylon has properties including density of 1.14 gm/c.c., elongation at break between 15-45%, good elasticity and resiliency, melting point of 215°C, and excellent ability to resist friction. It is used in applications such as ropes, tents, parachutes, mechanical parts, toothbrushes, and fishing line.
Nylon 6
Nylon 6 is a semicrystalline thermoplastic polymer synthesized from caprolactam via ring-opening polymerization. It has high tensile strength, elasticity, and resistance to abrasion and chemicals. Common applications include fibers, ropes, bristles, gears, bearings, surgical sutures, and more. Nylon degrades slowly and is used for banners, flags, clothing like jackets, and other outdoor materials due to its durability against UV light and weathering.
Spinning process
The document discusses different types of spinning processes used to create polymer fibers. It describes melt spinning, dry spinning, and wet spinning. In melt spinning, polymers are melted and extruded through a spinneret, then cooled. Dry spinning uses a volatile solvent and evaporates it using hot air. Wet spinning uses a non-volatile solvent and extrudes the solution into a coagulation bath to solidify the fibers. The document provides details of the processes, examples of polymers used for each type, and their advantages and disadvantages.
Spandex Fiber
Spandex is a synthetic fiber made of polyurethane. It is stronger, lighter, and more versatile than rubber, and can be stretched up to 500% of its length. There are different types of spandex yarn including bare yarn, covered yarn, core spun yarn, and blend spun yarn. Spandex was invented in 1959 and is produced using one of four manufacturing processes, most commonly dry-spinning. It has properties such as being lightweight, elastic, abrasion resistant, and able to recover its original length after stretching. Spandex is used in clothing, swimwear, exercise wear, and other garments where fit and comfort are important.
Fiber spinning processes
Fiber spinning involves extruding a liquid polymer through small holes in a spinneret to form thin filaments. As the filaments leave the spinneret, they solidify. Filaments can then be combined into threads or drawn to change their properties. There are three main fiber spinning processes: wet spinning uses a solvent and coagulation bath, dry spinning uses a volatile solvent and drying tower, and melt spinning uses molten or melted polymer extruded through a spinneret and cooled. Synthetic fibers produced through these processes are used to make fabrics, medical supplies, and other materials.
elastomeric fibers: properties and applications
elastomeric fibers are fibers which have a property of extreme extencibility and elastic recovery. this seminar describes major properties and applications of elastomeric fibers.
Rubber fillers
Short Description related to the rubber filler properties and Rubber filler types ( Reinforcing fillers, Semi- reinforcing fillers and Non-reinforcing fillers). e.g.:- Carbon Black, Silica, Calcium Carbonate, Clay and Miscellaneous Fillers
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
More Related Content
What's hot
Polyamide
Polyamide fibers are composed of long molecular chains containing repeating amide groups. The two most common polyamides used to produce nylon fibers are nylon 6, which is made from caprolactam, and nylon 6,6, which is made from adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine. Nylon 6 is produced by polymerizing caprolactam, a white solid made from coal tar derivatives, above 500°C. Nylon 6,6 is formed through condensation polymerization of adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine with the loss of water. Both nylons are melt spun into fibers and widely used in applications such as fabrics, carpets, ropes and tires
Polypropylene
Polypropylene is a linear hydrocarbon polymer made from the monomer propylene. It was first produced commercially in 1954 using catalysts developed for polyethylene. Polypropylene has applications in areas like automotive components, films, fibers, and foams due to its properties like being semi-rigid, tough, chemically resistant and heat resistant. It is produced via chain-growth polymerization of propene using gas-phase, bulk, or slurry polymerization processes.
polyamides
This presentation covers almost every aspects of polyamide industrially chemically and applications in detail .
NYLON
This document provides information on Nylon 6 and Nylon 66, including their preparation, manufacturing, structure-property relationships, applications, and composites. Nylon 6 is prepared from epsilon-caprolactam and water, while Nylon 66 is prepared from hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid. Both are manufactured using continuous polymerization processes. Their properties, such as strength and melting point, are influenced by factors like the distance between functional groups and molecular weight. Common applications include business equipment, consumer products, electrical/machinery parts, and automotive components. Composites with fibers or fillers can enhance properties for specific applications.
An introduction to rubber technology
Natural rubber is obtained from latex extracted from rubber trees. It is composed primarily of the monomer isoprene. Throughout history, various advancements were made in rubber technology, including vulcanization which allows rubber to retain its shape. There are now many types of both natural and synthetic rubbers produced for various applications. The basic rubber compound involves mixing the rubber polymer with sulfur, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and accelerators. Additional components like fillers and plasticizers are often included to modify the properties of the cured rubber material. Rubber is processed using equipment like mills, mixers, extruders, calenders, and molds.
presentation on Nylon Fiber.
Nylon is a synthetic polymer first produced in 1935. There are various types of nylon fibers depending on their chemical structure, including nylon 6 and nylon 6,6. Nylon 6 is produced through ring-opening polymerization of caprolactam, while nylon 6,6 is synthesized through polycondensation of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid. Both nylon 6 and nylon 6,6 fibers are strong, durable, and resistant to chemicals and abrasion. Common applications of nylon fibers include carpets, clothing like socks and lingerie, and waterproof materials.
Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR)
Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is a synthetic rubber derived from styrene and butadiene monomers. There are two main types - emulsion polymerized SBR (E-SBR) and solution polymerized SBR (S-SBR). E-SBR accounts for over 50% of car tire production and is also used in conveyor belts, footwear, adhesives and more. S-SBR offers improved properties for tires and is increasingly used. The document discusses the production, properties and applications of SBR.
Polypropylene fiber slides
Polypropylene is a thermoplastic polymer derived from the monomer propylene. It was first synthesized in the 1950s and is now the second most widely produced plastic globally. There are two main methods for producing polypropylene - gas phase and liquid phase polymerization processes, which both use Ziegler-Natta catalysts. As a fiber, polypropylene has good strength, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance. It finds major uses in nonwovens like diapers and filters, as well as clothing, ropes, furniture and medical devices.
Rubber manufacturing pdf
you will get more updates follow
www.facebook.com/syedmehran04
www.instagram.com/syedmehran04
www.twitter.com/syedmehran04
Silicon rubber pankaj kumar das
Silicon rubber is an inorganic polymer composed of silicon and oxygen in its backbone. It is synthesized from dimethyldichlorosilane through hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions. Silicon rubber has excellent thermal stability, flexibility even at low temperatures, and resistance to chemicals and weathering. It is widely used in medical applications like tubing and implants due to its biocompatibility, as well as in mechanical applications for seals, gaskets and vibration damping.
Poly olefins - Manufacturing & applications
1. Polyolefins are polymers produced from olefin or alkene monomers, with ethylene being the simplest and most common monomer. They are produced via polymerization of ethylene extracted from petroleum through cracking of longer hydrocarbon chains.
2. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is produced via free radical polymerization of ethylene under high pressures of 1000-3000 atm and temperatures of 200-275°C. It is used for products like bottles and tubing due to its low cost, chemical resistance, and flexibility.
3. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is produced using Ziegler-Natta catalysts under lower pressures than LDPE. It is stronger
Styrene butadiene rubber
Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is a synthetic rubber derived from styrene and butadiene monomers. There are two main types: emulsion SBR produced via emulsion polymerization, and solution SBR produced via anionic polymerization. SBR has good abrasion resistance and aging stability when protected by additives. Approximately 50% of car tires are made from SBR, with higher styrene content rubbers being harder and less rubbery. Common applications of SBR include use in car tires, shoe soles, gaskets, and coated papers.
viscose rayon
Viscose rayon is a manufactured fiber made from regenerated cellulose. It is produced through a process involving treating cellulose pulp with chemicals to create a viscous solution called viscose, which is then forced through spinnerets into an acid bath to harden into filaments. Viscose rayon is inexpensive to produce, with properties similar to cotton. It can be used to make fabrics for apparel, home furnishings, and nonwoven materials.
Nylon
Nylon is a synthetic polymer made through condensation polymerization. The most common types are nylon 6, made from caprolactam monomer, and nylon 6,6, made from adipoyl chloride and hexamethylene diamine monomers. Nylon has properties including density of 1.14 gm/c.c., elongation at break between 15-45%, good elasticity and resiliency, melting point of 215°C, and excellent ability to resist friction. It is used in applications such as ropes, tents, parachutes, mechanical parts, toothbrushes, and fishing line.
Nylon 6
Nylon 6 is a semicrystalline thermoplastic polymer synthesized from caprolactam via ring-opening polymerization. It has high tensile strength, elasticity, and resistance to abrasion and chemicals. Common applications include fibers, ropes, bristles, gears, bearings, surgical sutures, and more. Nylon degrades slowly and is used for banners, flags, clothing like jackets, and other outdoor materials due to its durability against UV light and weathering.
Spinning process
The document discusses different types of spinning processes used to create polymer fibers. It describes melt spinning, dry spinning, and wet spinning. In melt spinning, polymers are melted and extruded through a spinneret, then cooled. Dry spinning uses a volatile solvent and evaporates it using hot air. Wet spinning uses a non-volatile solvent and extrudes the solution into a coagulation bath to solidify the fibers. The document provides details of the processes, examples of polymers used for each type, and their advantages and disadvantages.
Spandex Fiber
Spandex is a synthetic fiber made of polyurethane. It is stronger, lighter, and more versatile than rubber, and can be stretched up to 500% of its length. There are different types of spandex yarn including bare yarn, covered yarn, core spun yarn, and blend spun yarn. Spandex was invented in 1959 and is produced using one of four manufacturing processes, most commonly dry-spinning. It has properties such as being lightweight, elastic, abrasion resistant, and able to recover its original length after stretching. Spandex is used in clothing, swimwear, exercise wear, and other garments where fit and comfort are important.
Fiber spinning processes
Fiber spinning involves extruding a liquid polymer through small holes in a spinneret to form thin filaments. As the filaments leave the spinneret, they solidify. Filaments can then be combined into threads or drawn to change their properties. There are three main fiber spinning processes: wet spinning uses a solvent and coagulation bath, dry spinning uses a volatile solvent and drying tower, and melt spinning uses molten or melted polymer extruded through a spinneret and cooled. Synthetic fibers produced through these processes are used to make fabrics, medical supplies, and other materials.
elastomeric fibers: properties and applications
elastomeric fibers are fibers which have a property of extreme extencibility and elastic recovery. this seminar describes major properties and applications of elastomeric fibers.
Rubber fillers
Short Description related to the rubber filler properties and Rubber filler types ( Reinforcing fillers, Semi- reinforcing fillers and Non-reinforcing fillers). e.g.:- Carbon Black, Silica, Calcium Carbonate, Clay and Miscellaneous Fillers
What's hot (20)
Recently uploaded
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero WaterTexas Alliance of Groundwater Districts
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business MeetingThe debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
SAR of Medicinal Chemistry 1st by dk.pdf
In this presentation include the prototype drug SAR on thus or with their examples .
Syllabus of Second Year B. Pharmacy
2019 PATTERN.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart Agriculture
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Katherine Romanak - Geologic CO2 Storage.pdf
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business Meeting
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
Storagedeteriorationisanyformoflossinquantityandqualityofbio-materials.
Themajorcausesofdeteriorationinstorage
•Physical
•Biological
•Mechanical
•Chemical
Storageonlypreservesquality.Itneverimprovesquality.
Itisadvisabletostartstoragewithqualityfoodproduct.Productwithinitialpoorqualityquicklydepreciates
Recently uploaded (20)
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
preparation of nylon 66
- 1. Synthesis of Nylon 66 Group members: Ayush singh -15bcl1065 Satya swarup -15bcl1066 Shouvik - 15bcl1084 Tapojyoti -15bec1022 M S S Avinash -14bec1193 Professor: Dr G. Chandhrashekar
- 2. Aim : To prepare polymide, nylon 66 Introduction : Nylons are some of the most important fibers produced commercially. A lot of nylon produced ends up clothes. But nylon can be more than just fibers. It is also up as other everyday things likes ropes, tents, airbags and toothbrush bristles. Nylon 66 lends itself well to make 3D structural objects. Nylon 66 is also a popular guitar nut material.
- 3. Materials : 1. Hexamethylenediamine [1 ml] 2. Sebacoyl chloride [1 ml] 3. Hexane[25 ml] 4. NaOH [1-2 palettes] 5. Water[20ml] 6. Beakers 7. Glass stirring rod
- 4. Procedure : 1. Take 1ml of sebacoyl chloride and 25ml of hexane mix it a beaker. 2. In the other beaker take 20ml of water and mix 1ml of hexamethylenediamine and one palette of NaOH. 3. Then wait for sometime till NaOH palettes are totally dissolved in hexamethylenediamine solution. 4. After dissolving of it add the sebacoyl chloride solution into hexamethylenediamine solution. 5. Then wait for sometime the solution turns to sticky manner 6. Then by using glassrod slow rotate the rod and take nylon 66 from it.
- 5. 7. As shown in figure….
- 6. 8. For the good apperence we added phenolphthalein to the solution 9. then the solution changes colourless to pink because of the presence of NaOH as shown in figure
- 7. 10. At last this is the Nylon 66…. As shown in figure
- 8. Conclusion : Formed Nylon 66 can be extruded and granulated at this point or directly spun into fibers by extrusion through a spinneret and cooling to form filaments.
- 9. Thank you