The document outlines the fundamentals of e-manufacturing, manufacturing execution systems (MES), and supply chain management (SCM), detailing the evolution of process control from manual methods to advanced systems. It highlights the benefits of these systems, including enhanced reliability, safety, and accuracy, while also addressing the complexities involved in SCM. Additionally, it emphasizes the roles of various measurement and control instruments in modern manufacturing processes.

1. Practical Fundamentals of
E-Manufacturing, MES &
Supply Chain Management
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2. Systems Development
• Process Control system evolution
• Accounting systems evolution
• Manufacturing Execution systems
• Supply Chain Management systems
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3. WHY
• Increased reliability for
– Quality
– Yields
• Increased throughput
• Increased safety
• Reduced human-error
• Increased accuracy of measurement instrumentation
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4. Evolutionary steps
• Manual Control
• Pneumatic controls
• Sequential Relay controls
• Basic Automatic Process Control
– Analog
– Digital
• SCADA/DCS (& HMI)
• Advanced Process Control
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5. Manual Control
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6. Pneumatic
• Compressed air
• Multi-directional valves
• Effectiveness very dependant on original logic
design and air supply
• Maintenance/change process difficult
• Specialized skills required
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7. Sequential relay
• Control relay has to be changed for changing
production requirement
• Mechanical devices hence limited life span
• Troubleshooting time consuming in case of
multiple relay systems
• Require frequent maintenance
• High replacement (in case of changed
requirement) and maintenance cost
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8. Basic Automatic Controller
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9. Process measurement instruments
• Temperature Measurements - Thermocouples,
Filled-system thermometer Pressure
Measurements – Liquid column, Diaphragm
and Strain gauge type
• Flow Measurements – Vortex-shedding and
Ultrasonic flow meters
• Level Measurements – Float-actuated devices
and Magnetically coupled devices
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10. Indicating Instruments
• Analog –Analog type indicators fall into two
main categories, moving pointer and moving
scale. These are deflection type devices,
powered directly, pneumatically or electrically,
depending somewhat on their proximity to the
process and the nature of the measurement
• Digital –Electronic digital display is as
accurate as the information fed to them. In
addition, it reduce chances of mechanical
malfunction and human reading error
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11. Recording instruments
• Analog – Graphic analog recorders may be
grouped in accordance with the type of chart
used, circular chart and strip chart recorders
• Digital – It is not used extensively in the process
industries unless a digital-computer control
system is used
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12. Micro-processor control
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13. Programmable controller (PLC)
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14. Supervisory Control And Data
Acquisition (SCADA)
• It is purely a software package that is
positioned on top of hardware to which it is
interfaced, via Programmable Logic
Controllers (PLCs) to graphically display
control status
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15. Distributed Control Systems (DCS)
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16. Advanced Process Control
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17. Supply Chain Management (SCM)
• SCM encompasses every effort involved in producing and
delivering a final product or service, from the supplier’s supplier
to the customer’s customer
• SCM includes managing supply and demand, sourcing raw
materials and parts, manufacturing assembly, warehousing and
inventory tracking, order entry and order management, distribution
cress all channels, and delivery to the customer
• SCM address complex interdependencies due to its wide scope; in
effect creating an “extended enterprise” that reaches beyond the
factory door
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18. Internal Supply Chain
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19. DO YOU WANT TO KNOW MORE?
If you are interested in further training or information,
please visit:
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