This document discusses transdermal patches, including their design, components, types, and applications. It begins with background information on transdermal patches and how they deliver medication through the skin. It then describes the key components of patches, including the backing, adhesive, drug reservoir, and release liner. The main types of patches are outlined as single-layer drug-in-adhesive, multi-layer drug-in-adhesive, reservoir, matrix, and vapor patches. Popular applications mentioned include nicotine patches, hormonal patches, and patches for pain, hypertension, and depression. The document also addresses transdermal patch design considerations, manufacturing processes, and common uses.
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems. It defines transdermal therapeutic systems as self-contained dosage forms that deliver drugs through the skin at a controlled rate. The document outlines the contents to be covered, which include the advantages and structure of the skin, permeation through skin, and formulation and evaluation of transdermal drug delivery systems. It also briefly discusses the history and factors affecting permeation through skin.
This document provides information on transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It discusses the key components of TDDS formulations including the polymer matrix, drug, permeation enhancers, pressure sensitive adhesive, backing laminate and release liner. The document also describes the preparation methods for different types of TDDS and the evaluation methods used to test the physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release, and stability of TDDS. The evaluations help ensure the TDDS will safely and effectively deliver the drug through the skin as intended.
There are several types of implant drug delivery systems. Implantable devices can provide controlled release of drugs over long periods of time without needing repeated injections or pills. Common examples include contraceptive implants like Nexplanon that prevent pregnancy for 3 years, histrelin implants for prostate cancer and precocious puberty, buprenorphine implants for opioid dependence treatment, and naltrexone implants to reduce cravings for opioids. Implant drug delivery offers advantages of patient convenience and targeting drug release, though some minor surgery is required for insertion and removal.
Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) is the one of the novel technology to deliver the molecules through the skin for long period of time.
Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) are defined as self contained, discrete dosage forms which are also known as “patches” 2, 3 when patches are applied to the intact skin, deliver the drug through the skin at a controlled rate to the systemic circulation
This document discusses sonophoretic drug delivery systems. Sonophoresis uses ultrasound to enhance the migration of drug molecules through the skin. Ultrasound disrupts the lipid bilayers of the skin, increasing permeability. It works by generating cavitation bubbles near or on the skin surface that disrupt the structure of the stratum corneum through oscillations and shock waves, creating pathways for drug penetration. The document covers the advantages and limitations of sonophoresis, its mechanisms of action, parameters for ultrasound use, and applications for drug delivery.
This document discusses various approaches to developing implantable drug delivery systems, including controlled drug delivery via diffusion, activation processes, and feedback regulation. It describes systems that use polymer membranes, matrices, microreservoirs, and hybrid designs to control drug release rates. Activation methods include osmotic pressure, vapor pressure, magnetism, hydration, and hydrolysis. Feedback systems can be regulated by bioerosion and bioresponses to biochemical factors. The document provides examples of implantable systems and discusses how drug and system properties influence release kinetics.
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems. It defines transdermal therapeutic systems as self-contained dosage forms that deliver drugs through the skin at a controlled rate. The document outlines the contents to be covered, which include the advantages and structure of the skin, permeation through skin, and formulation and evaluation of transdermal drug delivery systems. It also briefly discusses the history and factors affecting permeation through skin.
This document provides information on transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It discusses the key components of TDDS formulations including the polymer matrix, drug, permeation enhancers, pressure sensitive adhesive, backing laminate and release liner. The document also describes the preparation methods for different types of TDDS and the evaluation methods used to test the physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release, and stability of TDDS. The evaluations help ensure the TDDS will safely and effectively deliver the drug through the skin as intended.
There are several types of implant drug delivery systems. Implantable devices can provide controlled release of drugs over long periods of time without needing repeated injections or pills. Common examples include contraceptive implants like Nexplanon that prevent pregnancy for 3 years, histrelin implants for prostate cancer and precocious puberty, buprenorphine implants for opioid dependence treatment, and naltrexone implants to reduce cravings for opioids. Implant drug delivery offers advantages of patient convenience and targeting drug release, though some minor surgery is required for insertion and removal.
Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) is the one of the novel technology to deliver the molecules through the skin for long period of time.
Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) are defined as self contained, discrete dosage forms which are also known as “patches” 2, 3 when patches are applied to the intact skin, deliver the drug through the skin at a controlled rate to the systemic circulation
This document discusses sonophoretic drug delivery systems. Sonophoresis uses ultrasound to enhance the migration of drug molecules through the skin. Ultrasound disrupts the lipid bilayers of the skin, increasing permeability. It works by generating cavitation bubbles near or on the skin surface that disrupt the structure of the stratum corneum through oscillations and shock waves, creating pathways for drug penetration. The document covers the advantages and limitations of sonophoresis, its mechanisms of action, parameters for ultrasound use, and applications for drug delivery.
This document discusses various approaches to developing implantable drug delivery systems, including controlled drug delivery via diffusion, activation processes, and feedback regulation. It describes systems that use polymer membranes, matrices, microreservoirs, and hybrid designs to control drug release rates. Activation methods include osmotic pressure, vapor pressure, magnetism, hydration, and hydrolysis. Feedback systems can be regulated by bioerosion and bioresponses to biochemical factors. The document provides examples of implantable systems and discusses how drug and system properties influence release kinetics.
EVALUATION OF TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSSANI SINGH
This document summarizes the evaluation of transdermal drug delivery systems. It discusses various physicochemical evaluation methods like thickness, drug content, moisture content testing. It also describes in-vitro evaluation methods like drug release studies using models like Higuchi and Peppas. In-vitro skin permeation studies are also briefly mentioned. The document provides an overview of the evaluation process for transdermal drug delivery systems.
Implants are cylindrical, monolithic devices of millimeter or centimeter dimensions, implanted into the subcutaneous or intramuscular tissue by an minor surgical incision or injected through a large bore needle; and release the incorporated drug in a controlled manner, allowing the adjustment of release rates over extended periods of time, ranging from several days up to one year.
This presentation discusses implantable drug delivery systems. It begins by defining implants as solid masses of purified drug intended for implantation via minor surgery or large bore needle to provide continuous drug release over long periods. Implants are well-suited for drugs like insulin, steroids, antibiotics, and analgesics. The presentation covers advantages like controlled delivery, improved compliance and stability. It also discusses types of implant systems including rate-programmed, activation-modulated, and feedback-regulated devices. Various mechanisms for controlling drug release like diffusion, hydration and enzymatic reactions are described. The conclusion emphasizes implants can provide targeted delivery without limitations of other administration methods.
This document presents a seminar on dry powder inhalers (DPIs) by Mr. Tejas Chandrakant Jagtap. It defines DPIs as devices that deliver medication to the lungs in dry powder form and are commonly used to treat respiratory diseases. The seminar discusses the types of DPIs, their ideal characteristics, advantages like being breath-activated and having no propellants, disadvantages like requiring adequate inhalation, and considerations for their formulation, carriers, manufacturing techniques, and characterization.
The document discusses transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It defines TDDS and provides their advantages over other drug delivery methods. It describes the skin structure, especially the stratum corneum layer, and how drugs penetrate the skin through various routes. Factors that affect transdermal drug permeability are outlined. Ideal drug candidates and components of TDDS like polymers and permeation enhancers are also discussed.
The device which is used in the intrauterine drug delivery system is known as an Intrauterine device (IUD) (2). IUDs or intrauterine devices are small artificial objects or devices inserted into the uterus to prevent the occurrence of pregnancy by disrupting the fertilization process as a result of sexual intercourse. They have gained popularity in recent times and are one of the most effective methods of birth control in terms of long-term contraception. It can be easily installed and is flexible. These devices are usually small in size and inserted through the cervix. IUDs reduce the need for abortion with unwanted pregnancies by preventing the effective movement of eggs and sperm. However, it cannot confirm the spread of STIs or STDs such as HIV, gonorrhoea, etc
Topics covered
Introduction
Advantages
Disadvantages
Development of intra uterine devices (IUDs)
Applications
References
Video Lecture is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DXu_CLgB4q0
Introduction, terminology/definitions and rationale, advantages, disadvantages, selection of drug candidates. Approaches to design-controlled release formulations based on diffusion, dissolution and ion exchange principles. Physicochemical and
biological properties of drugs relevant to controlled release formulations.
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It defines TDDS as self-contained dosage forms that deliver drugs through the skin at controlled rates. It describes the layers of the skin and three routes of drug absorption. Factors affecting permeability are discussed like solubility, partition coefficient, and pH. It also describes permeation enhancers and the four main types of TDDS. The advantages of avoidance of presystemic metabolism and maintaining therapeutic drug levels are highlighted, along with limitations like only suitable for potent drugs.
Dr. Maulik Patel's research focuses on developing new drug delivery systems to more selectively target drugs to the site of action. His goals are to increase bioavailability, provide controlled delivery, transport drugs intact to the target site while avoiding healthy tissue, and ensure stable delivery under physiological conditions. He examines various polymer-based formulations, micelles, liposomes, and nanotechnology approaches to better control drug release kinetics and targeting.
This document provides an overview of rectal drug delivery systems. Some key points:
- Rectal drug delivery is an alternative to oral administration when swallowing is not possible. It avoids first pass metabolism in the liver and degradation in the stomach.
- Advantages include avoidance of GI irritation, enhanced absorption of some drugs, avoidance of hepatic first pass, and usefulness in pediatric/geriatric patients.
- Applications include rectal administration of anti-epileptics, analgesics like morphine, and peptides.
- Common dosage forms are suppositories, creams, gels, and solutions/suspensions. Suppository bases include fatty bases and water-soluble bases.
- Fact
This document summarizes parenterals and their quality control testing. Parenterals are sterile dosage forms intended for administration other than orally that enter systemic circulation. Their advantages include quick onset, suitability for non-oral drugs, and use in emergencies. Disadvantages are the need for trained personnel and risks of pain, sensitivity, and expense. Quality control tests described include content uniformity, leakers, pyrogens, sterility, and particulates. Specific test methods and acceptance criteria are provided to ensure parenterals meet quality standards.
Formulation development and evalution of matrix tablet ofGajanan Ingole
The document describes the development of a matrix tablet for oral delivery of an antihypertensive drug (NSL) using pH dependent and independent polymers. It includes sections on introduction, literature review, drug and excipient profiles, aim and objectives, rationale, materials and equipment, experimental work, results, discussion, and references. The key steps involved preformulation studies, formulation of matrix tablets, optimization studies to match the in vitro dissolution profile of a marketed reference product, and stability studies. The optimized formulation was found to release the drug in a controlled manner for 24 hours.
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It discusses the history of TDDS including early uses of mustard plasters. The key components of TDDS are described, including the polymer matrix, drug, and permeation enhancers. The mechanisms of transdermal permeation and factors influencing permeation are explained. The different types of TDDS are outlined, such as single-layer drug-in-adhesive patches, multi-layer patches, reservoir patches, and matrix patches. Global market trends for TDDS are also briefly mentioned.
The document discusses nasal drug delivery systems. It covers the anatomy and physiology of the nose, mechanisms of nasal absorption, factors affecting absorption like molecular weight and pH, strategies to improve absorption like penetration enhancers, and considerations for nasal drug formulations including pH, osmotic agents, and absorption enhancers. The nasal route offers advantages like avoiding first-pass metabolism and rapid drug absorption but faces limitations such as low bioavailability and enzymatic degradation.
This document provides an overview of nasal drug delivery systems. It discusses the advantages and limitations of nasal delivery, the anatomy and physiology of the nasal cavity, mechanisms of nasal absorption, barriers to absorption, and strategies to improve absorption. Formulation considerations including common excipients are covered. Applications such as delivery of peptides, non-peptides, drugs to the brain, and vaccines are mentioned. Recent advances including nasal insulin and anti-vomiting nasal sprays are summarized. The document concludes with marketed nasal preparations and references.
Dissolution, factors affecting drug dissolution, methods to evaluate dissolution, advantages and disadvantages, recent approaches--these are the topics covered in this presentation.
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of TDDS. It describes the structure of skin and factors affecting drug penetration. The basic components of a TDDS are a polymer matrix, drug, permeation enhancer, pressure sensitive adhesive, backing laminate and release liner. Different types of TDDS are described including single layer, multi-layer, vapour patch and polymer membrane, adhesive dispersion, matrix diffusion, and micro-reservoir systems. Evaluation methods and the future scope of TDDS are also mentioned.
Parenteral controlled drug delivery system sushmithaDanish Kurien
This document provides an overview of parenteral controlled drug delivery systems, including their objectives, advantages, types of formulations, approaches for formulation, routes of administration, additives used, and recent developments. The key types of formulations discussed are dissolution-controlled depots, adsorption-type depots, encapsulation-type depots, and esterification-type depots. Various approaches for implants and infusion devices are also summarized.
The document discusses transdermal patches, which deliver medication through the skin and into the bloodstream, providing controlled release. It notes the advantages of transdermal delivery over oral or intravenous methods. The document outlines different transdermal patch types, including single-layer and multi-layer drug-in-adhesive patches, reservoir patches, and matrix patches. It also discusses various applications of transdermal patches and considerations for their design and use.
The document discusses transdermal patches, which deliver medication through the skin. It describes the main components of patches, including the liner, drug, adhesive, membrane, and backing. It outlines the five main types of patches: single-layer drug-in-adhesive, multi-layer drug-in-adhesive, reservoir, matrix, and vapor. It also discusses excipients used in formulations, the manufacturing process, common medications delivered via patch, advantages over other delivery methods, and references.
EVALUATION OF TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSSANI SINGH
This document summarizes the evaluation of transdermal drug delivery systems. It discusses various physicochemical evaluation methods like thickness, drug content, moisture content testing. It also describes in-vitro evaluation methods like drug release studies using models like Higuchi and Peppas. In-vitro skin permeation studies are also briefly mentioned. The document provides an overview of the evaluation process for transdermal drug delivery systems.
Implants are cylindrical, monolithic devices of millimeter or centimeter dimensions, implanted into the subcutaneous or intramuscular tissue by an minor surgical incision or injected through a large bore needle; and release the incorporated drug in a controlled manner, allowing the adjustment of release rates over extended periods of time, ranging from several days up to one year.
This presentation discusses implantable drug delivery systems. It begins by defining implants as solid masses of purified drug intended for implantation via minor surgery or large bore needle to provide continuous drug release over long periods. Implants are well-suited for drugs like insulin, steroids, antibiotics, and analgesics. The presentation covers advantages like controlled delivery, improved compliance and stability. It also discusses types of implant systems including rate-programmed, activation-modulated, and feedback-regulated devices. Various mechanisms for controlling drug release like diffusion, hydration and enzymatic reactions are described. The conclusion emphasizes implants can provide targeted delivery without limitations of other administration methods.
This document presents a seminar on dry powder inhalers (DPIs) by Mr. Tejas Chandrakant Jagtap. It defines DPIs as devices that deliver medication to the lungs in dry powder form and are commonly used to treat respiratory diseases. The seminar discusses the types of DPIs, their ideal characteristics, advantages like being breath-activated and having no propellants, disadvantages like requiring adequate inhalation, and considerations for their formulation, carriers, manufacturing techniques, and characterization.
The document discusses transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It defines TDDS and provides their advantages over other drug delivery methods. It describes the skin structure, especially the stratum corneum layer, and how drugs penetrate the skin through various routes. Factors that affect transdermal drug permeability are outlined. Ideal drug candidates and components of TDDS like polymers and permeation enhancers are also discussed.
The device which is used in the intrauterine drug delivery system is known as an Intrauterine device (IUD) (2). IUDs or intrauterine devices are small artificial objects or devices inserted into the uterus to prevent the occurrence of pregnancy by disrupting the fertilization process as a result of sexual intercourse. They have gained popularity in recent times and are one of the most effective methods of birth control in terms of long-term contraception. It can be easily installed and is flexible. These devices are usually small in size and inserted through the cervix. IUDs reduce the need for abortion with unwanted pregnancies by preventing the effective movement of eggs and sperm. However, it cannot confirm the spread of STIs or STDs such as HIV, gonorrhoea, etc
Topics covered
Introduction
Advantages
Disadvantages
Development of intra uterine devices (IUDs)
Applications
References
Video Lecture is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DXu_CLgB4q0
Introduction, terminology/definitions and rationale, advantages, disadvantages, selection of drug candidates. Approaches to design-controlled release formulations based on diffusion, dissolution and ion exchange principles. Physicochemical and
biological properties of drugs relevant to controlled release formulations.
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It defines TDDS as self-contained dosage forms that deliver drugs through the skin at controlled rates. It describes the layers of the skin and three routes of drug absorption. Factors affecting permeability are discussed like solubility, partition coefficient, and pH. It also describes permeation enhancers and the four main types of TDDS. The advantages of avoidance of presystemic metabolism and maintaining therapeutic drug levels are highlighted, along with limitations like only suitable for potent drugs.
Dr. Maulik Patel's research focuses on developing new drug delivery systems to more selectively target drugs to the site of action. His goals are to increase bioavailability, provide controlled delivery, transport drugs intact to the target site while avoiding healthy tissue, and ensure stable delivery under physiological conditions. He examines various polymer-based formulations, micelles, liposomes, and nanotechnology approaches to better control drug release kinetics and targeting.
This document provides an overview of rectal drug delivery systems. Some key points:
- Rectal drug delivery is an alternative to oral administration when swallowing is not possible. It avoids first pass metabolism in the liver and degradation in the stomach.
- Advantages include avoidance of GI irritation, enhanced absorption of some drugs, avoidance of hepatic first pass, and usefulness in pediatric/geriatric patients.
- Applications include rectal administration of anti-epileptics, analgesics like morphine, and peptides.
- Common dosage forms are suppositories, creams, gels, and solutions/suspensions. Suppository bases include fatty bases and water-soluble bases.
- Fact
This document summarizes parenterals and their quality control testing. Parenterals are sterile dosage forms intended for administration other than orally that enter systemic circulation. Their advantages include quick onset, suitability for non-oral drugs, and use in emergencies. Disadvantages are the need for trained personnel and risks of pain, sensitivity, and expense. Quality control tests described include content uniformity, leakers, pyrogens, sterility, and particulates. Specific test methods and acceptance criteria are provided to ensure parenterals meet quality standards.
Formulation development and evalution of matrix tablet ofGajanan Ingole
The document describes the development of a matrix tablet for oral delivery of an antihypertensive drug (NSL) using pH dependent and independent polymers. It includes sections on introduction, literature review, drug and excipient profiles, aim and objectives, rationale, materials and equipment, experimental work, results, discussion, and references. The key steps involved preformulation studies, formulation of matrix tablets, optimization studies to match the in vitro dissolution profile of a marketed reference product, and stability studies. The optimized formulation was found to release the drug in a controlled manner for 24 hours.
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It discusses the history of TDDS including early uses of mustard plasters. The key components of TDDS are described, including the polymer matrix, drug, and permeation enhancers. The mechanisms of transdermal permeation and factors influencing permeation are explained. The different types of TDDS are outlined, such as single-layer drug-in-adhesive patches, multi-layer patches, reservoir patches, and matrix patches. Global market trends for TDDS are also briefly mentioned.
The document discusses nasal drug delivery systems. It covers the anatomy and physiology of the nose, mechanisms of nasal absorption, factors affecting absorption like molecular weight and pH, strategies to improve absorption like penetration enhancers, and considerations for nasal drug formulations including pH, osmotic agents, and absorption enhancers. The nasal route offers advantages like avoiding first-pass metabolism and rapid drug absorption but faces limitations such as low bioavailability and enzymatic degradation.
This document provides an overview of nasal drug delivery systems. It discusses the advantages and limitations of nasal delivery, the anatomy and physiology of the nasal cavity, mechanisms of nasal absorption, barriers to absorption, and strategies to improve absorption. Formulation considerations including common excipients are covered. Applications such as delivery of peptides, non-peptides, drugs to the brain, and vaccines are mentioned. Recent advances including nasal insulin and anti-vomiting nasal sprays are summarized. The document concludes with marketed nasal preparations and references.
Dissolution, factors affecting drug dissolution, methods to evaluate dissolution, advantages and disadvantages, recent approaches--these are the topics covered in this presentation.
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of TDDS. It describes the structure of skin and factors affecting drug penetration. The basic components of a TDDS are a polymer matrix, drug, permeation enhancer, pressure sensitive adhesive, backing laminate and release liner. Different types of TDDS are described including single layer, multi-layer, vapour patch and polymer membrane, adhesive dispersion, matrix diffusion, and micro-reservoir systems. Evaluation methods and the future scope of TDDS are also mentioned.
Parenteral controlled drug delivery system sushmithaDanish Kurien
This document provides an overview of parenteral controlled drug delivery systems, including their objectives, advantages, types of formulations, approaches for formulation, routes of administration, additives used, and recent developments. The key types of formulations discussed are dissolution-controlled depots, adsorption-type depots, encapsulation-type depots, and esterification-type depots. Various approaches for implants and infusion devices are also summarized.
The document discusses transdermal patches, which deliver medication through the skin and into the bloodstream, providing controlled release. It notes the advantages of transdermal delivery over oral or intravenous methods. The document outlines different transdermal patch types, including single-layer and multi-layer drug-in-adhesive patches, reservoir patches, and matrix patches. It also discusses various applications of transdermal patches and considerations for their design and use.
The document discusses transdermal patches, which deliver medication through the skin. It describes the main components of patches, including the liner, drug, adhesive, membrane, and backing. It outlines the five main types of patches: single-layer drug-in-adhesive, multi-layer drug-in-adhesive, reservoir, matrix, and vapor. It also discusses excipients used in formulations, the manufacturing process, common medications delivered via patch, advantages over other delivery methods, and references.
Implants and transdermal patches can both be used to deliver drugs in a controlled manner. Implants are medical devices that are implanted inside the body to replace or support a biological structure. They consist of a reservoir, pump, power source and control circuitry. They provide advantages like convenience and compliance but have disadvantages like being invasive and requiring surgery. Transdermal patches adhere to the skin and deliver drugs through the skin and into the bloodstream. They have advantages like avoiding the digestive system and providing prolonged effects. Common types include single-layer, multi-layer, reservoir and matrix patches. Popular uses include nicotine, hormone and pain relieving patches. Both can effectively deliver drugs but have potential side effects and risks if
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems. It describes how transdermal patches can deliver drugs through the skin at controlled rates. The key components of patches including polymers, permeation enhancers, and adhesives are explained. The main types of patches are single-layer, multi-layer, reservoir, and matrix systems. In vitro and in vivo evaluation methods are summarized. Popular drug uses of transdermal patches include nicotine, opioids, hormones, and antihypertensives. Novel technologies aim to improve skin permeation through methods like microneedles, electroporation, and chemical/physical approaches.
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems, also known as patches. It begins with a brief introduction explaining what transdermal patches are and how they work. It then discusses factors to consider when selecting drugs for transdermal delivery and the significance of drug delivery patches. The document outlines the basic components and manufacturing process of transdermal patches. It provides examples of transdermal systems in use and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of this drug delivery method. Finally, it notes some general considerations for the use of transdermal patches. Overall, the document concisely summarizes the key elements of transdermal drug delivery systems.
This document discusses transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It begins by defining TDDS as the diffusion of medication through the skin into systemic circulation. It then lists several advantages of TDDS, including eliminating oral absorption variables and first-pass metabolism. The document goes on to discuss various TDDS design factors and components, including polymers, drugs, permeation enhancers, and other excipients. Examples of marketed TDDS are provided for drugs like nitroglycerin, estrogen, and testosterone. Evaluation parameters for TDDS are also outlined.
Transdermal drug delivery system by MANSOORI MOHAMMAD SHOAIB. Shoaib Khan
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It discusses the history and advantages of TDDS. TDDS can deliver drugs through the skin at controlled rates and avoid first-pass metabolism. The document classifies TDDS and describes common types like single-layer patches. It outlines the materials used in formulations, factors influencing drug penetration, and FDA-approved drugs delivered via TDDS. Finally, it lists some marketed transdermal products and applications of this drug delivery method.
Transdermal patches deliver medication through the skin and into the bloodstream. They have several advantages over other delivery methods. There are different types of transdermal patches that use various mechanisms to release drugs at controlled rates. The rate of drug absorption and bioavailability are affected by factors like the drug properties and skin properties. Transdermal patches work by facilitating drug transport through the skin via mechanisms like iontophoresis, electroporation, ultrasound, and microscopic projections.
The document summarizes a new transdermal delivery system containing sumatriptan that is being developed. Due to production problems with sumatriptan tablets, the company is switching to sumatriptan capsules and developing the new transdermal system. As the new section head, the reader is responsible for ensuring the two new products meet standards of safety, quality and efficacy.
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) provide drugs through the skin for systemic effects. TDDS patches contain drug reservoirs that diffuse drug into the bloodstream over time. Key advantages are avoiding gastrointestinal degradation and first-pass metabolism. TDDS can provide steady drug levels for chronic conditions. However, only potent drugs are suitable and skin irritation may occur. TDDS composition includes a polymer matrix, drug, permeation enhancers, adhesive, and backing layer. Recent techniques like microneedles and macroflux create pathways to enhance skin permeability for transdermal delivery.
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), such as patches, allow drugs to be delivered continuously into the systemic circulation through the skin at a controlled rate. They are useful for chronic conditions requiring long-term dosing to maintain therapeutic drug levels. The skin is made up of three layers - epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layer - which act as barriers to drug penetration through routes like hair follicles, sweat ducts and across the stratum corneum. Factors like a drug's physicochemical properties, delivery system composition, and skin conditions can affect a drug's permeability across the skin barriers in transdermal delivery.
The document discusses transdermal drug delivery systems. It describes the anatomy and physiology of the skin, including its layers, thickness in different areas, and functions. It then summarizes the two major types of transdermal therapeutic systems - matrix systems and reservoir systems. Matrix systems distribute the drug uniformly in an adhesive polymer layer, while reservoir systems contain the drug within a separate reservoir layer. The document also reviews components of transdermal systems like backing layers, adhesives and penetration enhancers. Finally, it discusses active transdermal delivery methods like iontophoresis, phonophoresis, electroporation and microneedle-based devices.
This document provides an overview of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It defines TDDS and lists their advantages over other delivery methods. The basic components of TDDS are described, including polymer matrices, drugs, permeation enhancers, and other excipients. Several formulation approaches for TDDS are outlined, such as membrane permeation-controlled systems and matrix diffusion-controlled systems. Methods for evaluating TDDS are mentioned, including drug-excipient interaction studies, weight uniformity testing, percentage moisture content testing, drug content analysis, moisture loss testing, and skin irritation testing. The document concludes by citing two review articles on TDDS.
Approaches for the design of transdermal drug deliverykvineetha8
The document provides an introduction to transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It discusses advantages like controlled delivery and avoidance of first-pass metabolism. Components are described, including rate-controlling polymers, drugs, permeation enhancers, adhesives and backing layers. Approaches to development include polymer membrane systems, polymer matrix systems, and adhesive or microreservoir systems. Recent approaches discussed are iontophoresis and electroporation, which use electric current to enhance skin permeation.
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), also known as patches, are dosage forms designed to deliver drugs across a patient's skin for systemic effects. TDDS provide advantages over oral and injectable routes by increasing compliance, avoiding first-pass metabolism, and allowing continuous drug delivery. For successful transdermal delivery, drugs must have certain physicochemical properties that allow penetration through the skin layers. TDDS consist of a drug reservoir containing the drug within an adhesive matrix or dispersed in an adhesive polymer. Rate-controlling membranes or adhesives are used to control drug release. Absorption occurs primarily through the stratum corneum via intracellular or intercellular routes or through hair follicles and sweat glands.
The document discusses transdermal drug delivery systems, including their definition as self-contained dosage forms that deliver drugs through the skin into systemic circulation at a controlled rate. It describes the basic components of transdermal drug delivery systems, factors that influence drug permeability and delivery through the skin, and advantages of transdermal systems over conventional dosage forms. Strategies to enhance drug permeability through the skin are also discussed.
A transdermal patch or skin patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream. It enables a steady blood level profile, resulting in reduced systemic side effects and, sometimes, improved efficacy over other dosage forms. The administration of drugs by transdermal route offers the advantage of being relatively painless. The appeal of using the skin as a portal of drug entry lies in case of access, its huge surface area, and systemic access through underlying circulatory and lymphatic networks and the noninvasive nature of drug delivery. The main objective of transdermal patches system is to deliver drugs into systemic circulation through skin at predetermined rate with minimal inter and intrapatient variation.
The first adhesive transdermal delivery system (TDDS) patch was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1979 (scopolamine patch for motion sickness). Nitroglycerine patches were approved in 1981. This method of delivery became widely recognized when nicotine patches for smoking cessation were introduced in 1991.
Transdermal drug delivery system by Nayan Shridhar Kakdegrowthwithus07
This document summarizes a student project on transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). It provides an overview of TDDS, including that they are adhesive patches that deliver drugs through the skin for systemic effects. It discusses key topics like skin anatomy, penetration enhancers, drug selection criteria, system types, evaluation methods, and advantages/disadvantages of TDDS. The document is intended to guide development and testing of TDDS to optimize drug permeation across the skin at predetermined rates.
Steam & Power Engineers Company Brouchure (spe)sachindesai055
Established in the year 2007, we Steam & Power Engineers are engaged in designing and manufacturing and supplying boilers for the power and energy sector in India. Apart from this, we even provide erection and commissioning and sales and services in boiler field. Our vast range of products includes water tube boiler, smoke tube boiler, smoke tube cum water tube boiler, thermic fluid boiler, water heater and hot air generators.
Winis Hospitality is a company focused on the hospitality industry. They provide services to hotels, resorts, and other lodging businesses. Their goal is to help hospitality clients improve operations and profitability through strategic consulting and technology solutions.
This document certifies that QRICS Calibration Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. has been accredited by the Accreditation Commission for Conformity Assessment Bodies (ACCAB) according to the international standard ISO/IEC 17025 for demonstrating technical competence in mechanical quantities. The accreditation is valid until October 21, 2014 for calibration of mass, weighing balances, push pull meters, durometers, and torque wrenches within specified measurement ranges and uncertainties at its facility in Pune, India. The annex provides details on the laboratory's scope of accreditation including calibration methods and equipment used.
This document provides the scope of accreditation for QRICS Calibration Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. located in Pune, India. It lists 45 mechanical calibration services that the laboratory is accredited to perform, including the calibration of micrometers, calipers, height gauges, plug gauges, snap gauges, and other dimensional measurement instruments. For each service, it specifies the measurement ranges and calibration uncertainties that the laboratory is capable of achieving. The accreditation is granted by the National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories and is valid until June 27, 2014.
1. The document provides recommended retail prices in Indian rupees (Rs.) per piece for various fasteners like bolts, screws and nuts effective from February 1st, 2013.
2. It includes prices for fasteners used in vehicles manufactured by Tata, Maruti, Toyota and other brands across 4 pages with details like part number, description, grade and basic price.
3. The fasteners are categorized based on size and type and prices are provided for both metric and imperial sizes for applications in different components like engines, steering, wheels etc.
This document is a price list containing the prices of various sizes of dowel pins (DPH) and taper pins (TPS) in Indian rupees. It lists the price for each size of pin in various diameter measurements. The price increases as the diameter size increases. It provides the price of pins for over 60 different sizes, ranging from 1.5x8 mm to 20x30 mm in dimensions.
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2. Background
A Transdermal Patch is a medicated adhesive patch
that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of
medication through the skin and into the bloodstream.
Often, this promotes healing to an injured area of the
body. An advantage of a transdermal drug delivery route
over other types of medication delivery such as oral,
topical, intravenous, intramuscular, etc. is that the patch
provides a controlled release of the medication into the
patient, usually through either a porous membrane
covering a reservoir of medication or through body heat
melting thin layers of medication embedded in the
adhesive.
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2
3. Transdermal Patch
Much more than a Surgical Tape
Transdermal
patches
are simple to use
into the
bloodstream
deliver drugs
straight
28-01-2014
through the
skin.
3
4. Medicines
in
pill form
have a long,
tortuous journey
must go
through the
digestive
system
the liver must
eventually
eliminate them
to get to
destination
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they are
absorbed
into the
blood
they pass
through the
liver, before
circulating to
the rest of the
body
4
5. Comparison of Medicine Travel
Pill v/s Transdermal
Medicines
pill
Transdermal
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5
6. Transdermal Drug Delivery
Designing
The essential
Factors are
Selection
of Drug
Drug
Stability
Polymer
Selection
Release
Control
Improvement
of drug
absorption
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Minimize
Skin
Irritation
6
10. Drug in Adhesive System
Backing
Adhesive with
Drug
Release
Liner
Simple DIA designs are popular, as they can be made by adding
the drug and other components to the adhesive, mixing them, and
then laminating them to a backing layer.
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10
12. Liquid Reservoir System
Backing
Drug reservoir
Adhesive
Rate Limiting membrane
Release
Liner
while the extra membranes create a more complex manufacturing
process. The matrix is often created by mixing a high concentration
of drug into an adhesive, as high as 30 per cent, compared to
around 5 per cent in DIA designs.
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12
13. Advantages of Transdermal Drug Delivery
do not put too much load on digestive
system and liver
avoid the pain on injection
eliminate the adverse effects associated
with excessive absorption of drugs taken
orally
thereby alleviate anxiety
offer more comfort to patients
produce excellent prolonged effects
administration can be visually confirmed
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13
14. Transdermal Drug Delivery patches
May cause side effects
like
o light headedness
o dizziness
o redness or irritation of the skin ( covered by
the patch )
o flushing
some other side effects cab be serious
slow or fast heart beat
worsening chest pain
fainting
rash
itching
difficulty in breathing or swallowing
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14
15. Transdermal Drug Delivery patches
The patient can suffer a overdose
symptoms of
overdose
may include
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Headache
confusion
Fever
dizziness
slow or pounding heartbeat
nausea
Vomiting
fainting
shortness of breath
sweating
Flushing
cold and clammy skin
loss of ability to move the body
coma ( loss of consciousness for
a period of time )
15
16. Applications of Transdermal
Patches
Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease
TDD with isosorbide dinitrade contain in adhesive
treats ischemic heart diseases such as angina pectoris,
when applied on chest or upper abdomen
release the drug
contribute to therapeutic improvement of cardic function.
For Local Anesthesia
with tulobuterol
( Respiratory function has a circadian rhythem and is known to decrease from
around midnight to early morning , generally known as "morning dip"
paients suffering from bronchial asthma, accacks often occur in the early morning
, caused by morning dip,
is a major stress factor
this patch offers a long lasting brochodilating effect
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16
17. Special precautions
when using transdermal patches
• apply patch to clean, dry, unbroken skin
• apply patch firmly ( it may take 20-30 seconds to get it
stick firmly in place)
• wash your hands after applying
• use only one patch at a time
• if ou need to conduct MRI test , the patch may need to
be removed
• if you develop skin irritation ( due to adhesive ) , appy
the next patch on another area
• when you remove the skin patch, fold it so the
adhesive edges stick together
• gently wash the area with soap and water
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18. The main
Components
The main components to a transdermal patch are:
Liner -
Protects the patch during storage. The liner is
removed prior to use.
Drug Drug solution in direct contact with release liner
Adhesive Serves to adhere the components of the patch
together along with adhering the
patch to the
skin
Membrane - Controls the release of the drug from the
reservoir and multi-layer patches
Backing Protects the patch from the outer environment
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19. There are five main types
of transdermal patches.
Single-layer Drug-in-Adhesive
Multi-layer Drug-in-Adhesive
Reservoir
Matrix
Vapour Patch
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19
20. Single-layer Drug-in-Adhesive
The adhesive layer of this system also contains the drug. In this
type of patch the adhesive layer not only serves to adhere the
various layers together, along with the entire system to the skin,
but is also responsible for the releasing of the drug. The
adhesive layer is surrounded by a temporary liner and a
backing.
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20
21. Multi-layer Drug-in-Adhesive
The multi-layer drug-in adhesive patch is similar to the singlelayer system in that both adhesive layers are also responsible for
the releasing of the drug.One of the layers is for immediate
release of the drug and other layer is for control release of drug
from the reservoir. The multi-layer system is different however
that it adds another layer of drug-in-adhesive, usually separated
by a membrane (but not in all cases). This patch also has a
temporary liner-layer and a permanent backing.
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21
22. Reservoir
Unlike the Single-layer and Multi-layer Drug-in-adhesive
systems the reservoir transdermal system has a separate drug
layer. The drug layer is a liquid compartment containing a drug
solution or suspension separated by the adhesive layer. This
patch is also backed by the backing layer. In this type of system
the rate of release is zero order.
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22
23. Matrix
The Matrix system has a drug layer of a semisolid matrix
containing a drug solution or suspension. The adhesive layer in
this patch surrounds the drug layer partially overlaying it. Also
known as a monolithic device.
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24. Vapour Patch
In this type of patch the adhesive layer not only serves to adhere
the various layers together but also to release vapour. The
vapour patches are new on the market and they release essential
oils for up to 6 hours. The vapour patches release essential oils
and are used in cases of decongestion mainly. Other vapour
patches on the market are controller vapour patches that
improve the quality of sleep. Vapour patches that reduce the
quantity of cigarettes that one smokes in a month are also
available on the market.
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25. Popular uses
The highest selling transdermal patch in USA is the
nicotine patch,
Hormonal patches
Estrogen patches
contraceptive patch
testosterone patches for both men and women
Nitroglycerin patches
Transdermal scopolamine
The anti-hypertensive drug Clonidine
Vitamin B12 may also be administered through a
transdermal patch.
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25
26. Scope of our Supply
1.
2.
3.
4.
The Complete Plant and Machinery for manufacturing
The Adhesive formulations
The Raw Material sources
The Manufacturing Process parameters
Not in our Scope
1. The FDA approval
2. Other Govt. approvals if any necessary
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26
27. The Details of the Plant
and Machinery ,
supplied by us
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27
28. The Manufacturing Process
The preparation and homogeneity of the bulk
drug containing
or non bulk drug containing adhesive mass
the coating process , including those
parameters to control layer thickness
drying , curing and removal of residual
solvent
lamination steps
the storage and handling of intermediate rolls
roll conversion to patches
primary packing
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28
29. The Coating
machine
We offer a Fully automatic
Programmable Machine Designed as
per GMP Standards ,
Complete Stainless Steel Construction
Inside , provided with clean Room
facility
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29
31. The Coating
machine Capacity
Installed
Coating plant
Capacity / Shift of 8 Hrs
Capacity / PM ( one Shift of 8 Hrs/ Day )
: 3,600 sq. Mtrs
: 90,000 sq. Mtrs
Die Cuts into patches ( gen size 50 mm X 75 mm )
Capacity / Shift of 8 Hrs
: 3,20,000 Nos.
Capacity / PM ( one Shift of 8 Hrs/ Day ) : 80,00,000 Nos.
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33. The
Supporting
Machines
( Testing )
1. Complete set of Testing equipment's for
Transdermal Patch and Surgical tape
Manufacturing.
The same is not in our Scope of supply
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33
34. The Installed Plant Location
, where
Contract manufacturing
is Possible
This Plant is Located in North Karnataka
about 460 KM south of Mumbai . We will
share the details at a appropriate time
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34
35. Our Comments on your points
1. Comparative analysis between contract
manufacturing and own production setup with a
working on capital and operational costs
The approximate Contract Manufacturing , cost per
sq. mtr. will be Rs. 40 - 45 ( Exclusive of Raw
material Cost ) , The same will be around Rs. 15 per
sq. mtr if you manufacture in house.
Capital investment will be approximately , Rs.
Lakhs.
Working Capital will depend on the production
quantity in sq. mtr. / PM
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35
36. Our Comments on your points
2. Liasoning with prospective contract manufacturers,
if that route is preferred.
This is also possible. We have spoken to the
Manufacturer and he is ready for Contract
Manufacturing
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36
37. 3. Putting together a production unit with machinery, if
an own unit is to be set up
This is also possible. We will offer you a suitable
plant and Machinery , for manufacturing.
4. Setting up a supply chain for raw materials (other
than active pharmaceutical drugs); agreements with
preferred suppliers
We will assist you in providing Raw Material
manufacturers contact details.
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37
38. 5. Assistance in formulations of new products
We will take care of this , and assist you with
formulations.
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38
39. The Products of your Interest
Transdermal products:
1. Elastic Bandages and Patches for relief from Injury pain,
inflammation and swelling
We will help you in Adhesive formulations for the same.
The suitable Drug additive for the same to be supplied by you.
2. Nasal patches for relief from nasal congestion, cold etc.
We will help you in Adhesive formulations for the same.
The suitable Drug additive for the same to be supplied by you.
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39
40. The Products of your Interest
Transdermal products:
3. Elastic Bandages and Patches for relief from Joint Pain,
Arthritis, Rheumatism etc.
We will help you in Adhesive formulations for the same.
The suitable Drug additive for the same to be supplied by you.
4. Patches for relief from Headache, Fever, Anxiety, Sleep
Deprivation etc.
We will help you in Adhesive formulations for the same.
The suitable Drug additive for the same to be supplied by you.
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40
41. The Products of your Interest
Transdermal products:
5. Patches for Motion Sickness
We will help you in Adhesive formulations for the same.
The suitable Drug additive for the same to be supplied by you.
6. Hydrogel Cosmetic Masks and Psoriasis Patches for lesions
due to dry and scale skin
We will help you in Adhesive formulations for the same.
The suitable Drug additive for the same to be supplied by you.
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41
42. Types of Transdermal
patches available today
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transdermal patch Nicotine
transdermal patch for severe pain
transdermal patch for harmone theorapy
transdermal patch anti hypertensive
transdermal patch anti depressant
transdermal patch deficit hyper activity disorder
transdermal patch vitamin b12
transdermal patch easy breath
42
43. Types of Transdermal
patches available today
Transdermal patch Nicotine
Nicorette Patch helps to give up smoking by relieving
the desire to smoke, and some of the unpleasant effects
which smokers experience when they stop smoking.
To successfully become a non-smoker it is important to
understand how Nicorette Patch works.
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43
44. Transdermal patch for severe pain
A transdermal analgesic or pain
relief patch is a medicated
adhesive patch used to relieve
minor to severe pain. There are
two primary types of analgesic
patches: patches containing
counterirritants, which are used
to treat mild to moderate pain,
and patches containing fentanyl,
a narcotic used to relieve
moderate to severe pain in
opioid-tolerant patients.
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44
46. transdermal patch anti hypertensive
Hypertension is one of the largest deaths causing
disease for the mankind. Since it is a chronic disease
it necessitates long term treatment.
Depending on the release required over a period of
time, the concentrations of polymer, plasticizer and
penetrant were varied.
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46
47. Transdermal patch anti depressant
Is a transdermal patch containing the Selegiline, in small
doses, is most commonly used in the treatment
of Parkinson's disease. It is also effective in higher doses
for the treatment of major depressive disorder.
The patch "is a matrix containing three layers consisting
of a backing, an... adhesive drug layer, and a release liner
that is placed against the skin.
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47
48. Transdermal patch deficit hyper
activity disorder
ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) is
the most common behavioural disorder that starts
during childhood. However, it does not only affect
children - people of all ages can suffer from ADHD.
Psychiatrists say ADHD is a neurobehavioral
developmental disorder.
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48
50. Transdermal patch Easy Breath
When you suffer from nasal congestion, it
affects your whole day. Breathe Right helps
you breathe better so you can sleep better
and feel better all day long.
When placed correctly, Breathe Right nasal
strips provide:
Nasal congestion relief due to the common
cold or allergies
Better breathing for people with a deviated
septum
Snoring relief due to night time nasal
congestion
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50
51. Photo Gallery
A 21mg dose Nicoderm CQ
patch applied to the left arm
Contraceptive
patch
Clonidine tablets and
transdermal patch
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51
52. Background
Please feel free to contact us
For more Information
Our website
Personal Email
Cell
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: www.psadhesive.com
: psatechno@gmail.com
: 00 91 9850242282
52