The document discusses several topics related to public administration including:
1) It defines public administration as the detailed and systematic application of law and notes it is part of the executive branch of government and related to state activities.
2) It describes the classical theory of public administration including principles by Fayol, Taylor, and Weber as well as the neoclassical theory which incorporates behavioral science.
3) It discusses different perspectives on the scope of public administration from narrow to broad and prevailing views covering areas like planning, organization, and budgeting.
It is probably fair to say that public administration scholarship has been more successful in demonstrating the need for theories of bureaucratic politics than in actually producing those frameworks. It has been more than half a century since scholars such as Waldo and Gaus exposed the rickety foundations of the politics administration dichotomy and made a convincing brief that administrative theory had to share common ground with political theory.
It is probably fair to say that public administration scholarship has been more successful in demonstrating the need for theories of bureaucratic politics than in actually producing those frameworks. It has been more than half a century since scholars such as Waldo and Gaus exposed the rickety foundations of the politics administration dichotomy and made a convincing brief that administrative theory had to share common ground with political theory.
Organization Theory is a set of theories that explain and help us understand how organizations function.
Organizations and people within organizations are the focus of organization theory. Organization theories could focus on the total organization, groups of employees such as departments or divisions, or on individual employees.
There are different theories of organization to predict and explain the process and also behavior patterns in an organizational setting. There are three different types of organizational theory: Classical Organization Theory, Neo-Classical Organizational Theory, and Modern Organizational Theory.
Ethical Principles in Regulatory ManagementAnalyze ethical princronnasleightholm
Ethical Principles in Regulatory Management
Analyze ethical principles in regulatory management of private organizations, from both a theoretical and a practical perspective. How does this differ from public organizations?
Unit 2 Ethics and Human Resources Complexities in Public Administration
INTRODUCTION
Unit 2 - Readings
Use your Public Human Resource Management text to complete the following:
• Review Chapter 14, "Motivating Public Service Employees in the Era of the "New Normal"."
Motivation of employees is both an intrinsic and extrinsic process. The text explores both processes in
public service employees.
Use the Research Library to read the following:
• Hsieh, C., Yang, K., & Fu, K. (2012). Motivational bases and emotional labor: Assessing the impact of
public service motivation. Public Administration Review, 72(2), 241–251.
• Perry, J. L., Hondeghem, A., & Wise, L. R. (2010). Revisiting the motivational bases of public service:
Twenty years of research and an agenda for the future. Public Administration Review, 70(5), 681–690.
• Clerkin, R. M., & Coggburn, J. D. (2012). The dimensions of public service motivation and sector work
preferences. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 32(3), 209–235.
• Vandenabeele, W. (2007). Toward a public administration theory of public service motivation. Public
Management Review, 9(4), 545–556.
Readings (Optional)
• French, P. E., & Emerson, M. C. (2014). Assessing the variations in reward preference for local
government employees in terms of position, public service motivation, and public sector motivation.
Public Performance & Management Review, 37(4), 552–576.
• Alonso, P., & Lewis, G. B. (2001). Public service motivation and job performance: Evidence from the
federal sector. The American Review of Public Administration , 31 (4), 363–380.
• Wright, B. E. (2007). Public service and motivation: Does mission matter? Public Administration
Review, 67 (1), 54–64.
A Note on Theory
What is theory? How does it add value to human resource management? Merriam-Webster's Online
Dictionary offers three simple definitions of theory:
1. An idea or set of ideas that is intended to explain facts or events.
2. The general principles or ideas that relate to a particular subject.
3. An idea that is suggested or presented as possibly true but that is not known or proven to be true.
Given these definitions, we can extrapolate that theory can be used in human resource management in the
following ways:
• Theories offer explanations that guide practice, provide insight into problems, and point toward
solutions.
• The generality of theories makes them adaptable for many different situations.
In addition, core theories are widely known by most practitioners in our field. That makes these theories
valuable in communicating management ideas to other professionals and for justifying actions or procedures
that you propose. This is why it is important to learn to explicitly relate you ...
The future of 21st century global educationjoyce pittman
The presenter discusses the relationships between systems thinking, leadership and sustainability in complex learning organizations: Implications for new educational leadership research and development.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
1. Three branches of government
• Definition of public administration: public administration is a detailed and
systematic application of law.
Important characteristic of public administration:-
a) It is a part of executive branch of government.
b) It is related with the activities of the state.
Nature of public administration:-
a) The managerial view and
b) The integral view.
Scope of public administration:-
1) Narrow perspective or POSTCORB perspective.
2) Broad perspective or subject matter view
3) Prevailing view
2. Narrow perspective or POSTCORB perspective
1) ‘P’ stands for ‘Planning’
2) ‘O’ stands for ‘Organization’
3) ‘S’ stands for ‘Staffing’
4) ‘D’ stands for ‘Directing’
5) ‘Co’ stands for ‘Co-ordination’
6) ‘R’ stands for ‘Reporting’
7) ‘B’ stands for ‘Budgeting’
Prevailing view: It is divided two parts:-
1) Administrative theory and
2) Applied administrative
3. Administrative theory: It includes following aspects-
1) Organizational theory
2) Behavior theory
3) Public personal administration
Classical theory: Classical theory means which is approved formality
and strict rules. Its functions and economic demand of workers. It maintain
autocratic management and strict rules. Its emphasize discipline and
rationality.
Classical theory define 14 principles of Henry Fayol, 5 principles of Frederic
Taylor and bureaucratic theory of Max-weber.
4. 14 Principles of Fayol are:
1) Division of work
2) Authority and Responsibility
3) Discipline
4) Unity of command
5) Unity of Direction
6) Subordination of individual
interest
7) Remuneration
8)The Degree of centralization
9)Scaler chain
10)Order
11)Equity
12)Stability
13)Initiative
14)Esprit de corps
5. 5 principles of scientific management: propounded
by Taylor
1) Science, not rule of thumb
2) Harmony, not Discord
3) Mental Revolution
4) Co-operation, not individualism
5) Development each or every person to his greatest efficiency and prosperity
Neoclassical theory:
Definition:- The Neoclassical theory is the extendent version of the classical theory
where in the behavioral science gets included into the management. According the
theory, the organization is the social system, and its performance does get affected
by the human actions.
6. Points of distribution Classical Approach Neo-classical approach
Focus Functions and economic demand of
workers
Emotion and human qualities of
workers
Structure Impersonal and mechanistic Social system
Application Autocratic management and strict
rules
Democratic process
Emphasize Discipline and rationality Personal security and social demand
Goal of worker Maximum remuneration and reward Attainment of organization goal
Concept about men Economic being Social being
Relation Formal Informal
Difference between classical and Neoclassical theory
7. Hawthorn experiment
“The Hawthorn effect”
The hawthorn effect is named after what was one of the most famous experiments
or, more, accurately, series of experiments in industrial theory. It marked a sea
change in thinking about work and productivity.
4 phases of Hawthorn experiments-
1) Illumination
2) Relay assembly test room experiment
3) Mass interviewing programme
4) Bank wiring observation room experiment
The experiment to explain two stage
1) Control group and
2) Experiment group
8. Modern Theory
• Definition: Modern theory is an organization combine process. This is the
interdisciplinary study of systems. A system is a cohesive conglomeration of
interrelated and independent part that is either natural or man-made. All type of
process is situated at the organization input from the output.
Types of system:
1) Closed system
2) Open system
3) Sub system
Theory of organizational behavior
1) Trait theory
2) Behavioral theory
3) Leader- member exchange theory
4) Charismatic leadership theory
5) Transitional / Transformation
9. Decision making
According to Trewartha and Newport, “Decision making involves the selection of a
courses of action from among two or more possible alternatives in order to arrive at
a solution a given problem.
Two types of decision making: –
1) Rational Decision
2) Bounded Rationality
Motivation process
Theory ‘X’: This assumes that employees one naturally unmotivated and dislike
working, and this ensure ages an authoritarian style of management.
Theory ‘Y’: This expands a participative style of management that is de-
centralized. It assumes that employees are happy to work, self motivated and
creative and enjoy working with greater responsibility.
10. Public personal administrative
Bangladesh needs a civil service of high quality for mobilizing and utilizing it’s domestic
resources. In Bangladesh thousands of civil servants are recruitment in various cadres every
year.
BCS selection process:-
Activities of the PSC
Publication of results list of selected candidates sent to
MOPA recommendation for appointment
Medical examination
Activities MOPA Public Verification
Final Appointment
Preliminary Test
Written Test
Viva Voce
Merit List
Screening the application form