Power Supply & Demand, presentation given by Tony Ramunno, Director, Engineering & Project Management for Great River Energy.
Presented at the February 18, 2010 Maximize Minnesota event held at South Central College, North Mankato, MN
Optimization Technique for Power Quality Improvement using DSTATCOM Neural Ne...ijtsrd
This document reviews optimization techniques for power quality improvement using DSTATCOM with a neural network approach. It discusses how DSTATCOM and other custom power devices like DVR, UPQC can be used to improve power quality by mitigating issues like voltage sags, swells, harmonics, and reactive power. It also presents the configuration of a DSTATCOM system and a control algorithm using a backpropagation neural network to extract fundamental active and reactive power components and estimate harmonic currents for compensation under nonlinear loads. The proposed neural network control approach for DSTATCOM is aimed to improve power quality by compensating for harmonics, reactive power, and providing zero voltage regulation.
Impacts of distributed generation on electricity marketHarsh Dhiman
This document discusses impacts of distributed generation on power systems. It defines distributed generation as small-scale power generation located near customers, such as engines, turbines, fuel cells and photovoltaics. Distributed generation can improve voltage profiles and power quality while connecting to distribution systems. However, it also presents issues like reduced inertia and changed short circuit levels. The document recommends solutions like FACTS devices and explores topics like integration challenges, market impacts, ancillary service provisions, and the increasing relevance of distributed generation in India.
This document presents a voltage stability-based approach for distributed generation (DG) placement in distribution networks. It discusses tools for voltage stability analysis including P-V curves, V-Q curves, modal analysis, and continuous power flow methods. The proposed DG placement algorithm uses modal analysis to identify critical modes and buses, and continuous power flow to determine the most voltage sensitive bus. DGs are then placed at candidate buses to maximize loading and improve voltage stability metrics like voltage security margin, loss reduction, and voltage profile. The method is demonstrated on the 33-bus test system, showing improvements in these indices with DG placement.
Power factor is a measure of how effectively electric power is being used. Utilities impose power factor penalties on industrial customers when their power factor falls below a threshold because poor power factor places a heavier burden on the transmission system. There is no single standard for power factor in the U.S. Utilities employ various forms of power factor penalties to compensate for increased costs from serving loads with poor power factors. The most appropriate penalty for a utility depends on factors like the makeup of industrial loads and historical power factors.
This document discusses distributed generation, which refers to small-scale power generation located near the end users. It can include sources like solar panels, wind turbines, fuel cells, and cogeneration. Distributed generation has advantages like reduced transmission losses and improved supply security. However, it also presents challenges like impacts on power quality from issues such as voltage regulation, grounding, harmonics, and islanding effects. The document outlines different distributed generation technologies and concludes that its integration into the power system is possible if interconnection designs adequately address power quality and safety considerations.
This document discusses EPRI's work developing and implementing hosting capacity methods to evaluate the amount of distributed energy resources (DER) that can be accommodated on electric distribution systems without upgrades. It summarizes the evolution of hosting capacity methods from detailed analyses of individual feeders to a streamlined method that can be applied across entire utility systems using existing planning tools. The streamlined method provides location-specific hosting capacity values while considering multiple power system impacts. EPRI is working with software vendors to incorporate this method into common distribution planning tools to help utilities evaluate DER on their systems.
This document outlines Parth Vyas' seminar on his practical training at the Gandhinagar Thermal Power Station for his Bachelor of Technology degree in Electrical Engineering from the Chartered Institute of Technology. The seminar will cover topics such as the methods for producing electricity in large power plants, the fuel-wise capacity and principal components of thermal power plants, an overview of the Gandhinagar Thermal Power Station including its layout, coal cycle, steam cycle, water cycle, and internal power layout.
Optimization Technique for Power Quality Improvement using DSTATCOM Neural Ne...ijtsrd
This document reviews optimization techniques for power quality improvement using DSTATCOM with a neural network approach. It discusses how DSTATCOM and other custom power devices like DVR, UPQC can be used to improve power quality by mitigating issues like voltage sags, swells, harmonics, and reactive power. It also presents the configuration of a DSTATCOM system and a control algorithm using a backpropagation neural network to extract fundamental active and reactive power components and estimate harmonic currents for compensation under nonlinear loads. The proposed neural network control approach for DSTATCOM is aimed to improve power quality by compensating for harmonics, reactive power, and providing zero voltage regulation.
Impacts of distributed generation on electricity marketHarsh Dhiman
This document discusses impacts of distributed generation on power systems. It defines distributed generation as small-scale power generation located near customers, such as engines, turbines, fuel cells and photovoltaics. Distributed generation can improve voltage profiles and power quality while connecting to distribution systems. However, it also presents issues like reduced inertia and changed short circuit levels. The document recommends solutions like FACTS devices and explores topics like integration challenges, market impacts, ancillary service provisions, and the increasing relevance of distributed generation in India.
This document presents a voltage stability-based approach for distributed generation (DG) placement in distribution networks. It discusses tools for voltage stability analysis including P-V curves, V-Q curves, modal analysis, and continuous power flow methods. The proposed DG placement algorithm uses modal analysis to identify critical modes and buses, and continuous power flow to determine the most voltage sensitive bus. DGs are then placed at candidate buses to maximize loading and improve voltage stability metrics like voltage security margin, loss reduction, and voltage profile. The method is demonstrated on the 33-bus test system, showing improvements in these indices with DG placement.
Power factor is a measure of how effectively electric power is being used. Utilities impose power factor penalties on industrial customers when their power factor falls below a threshold because poor power factor places a heavier burden on the transmission system. There is no single standard for power factor in the U.S. Utilities employ various forms of power factor penalties to compensate for increased costs from serving loads with poor power factors. The most appropriate penalty for a utility depends on factors like the makeup of industrial loads and historical power factors.
This document discusses distributed generation, which refers to small-scale power generation located near the end users. It can include sources like solar panels, wind turbines, fuel cells, and cogeneration. Distributed generation has advantages like reduced transmission losses and improved supply security. However, it also presents challenges like impacts on power quality from issues such as voltage regulation, grounding, harmonics, and islanding effects. The document outlines different distributed generation technologies and concludes that its integration into the power system is possible if interconnection designs adequately address power quality and safety considerations.
This document discusses EPRI's work developing and implementing hosting capacity methods to evaluate the amount of distributed energy resources (DER) that can be accommodated on electric distribution systems without upgrades. It summarizes the evolution of hosting capacity methods from detailed analyses of individual feeders to a streamlined method that can be applied across entire utility systems using existing planning tools. The streamlined method provides location-specific hosting capacity values while considering multiple power system impacts. EPRI is working with software vendors to incorporate this method into common distribution planning tools to help utilities evaluate DER on their systems.
This document outlines Parth Vyas' seminar on his practical training at the Gandhinagar Thermal Power Station for his Bachelor of Technology degree in Electrical Engineering from the Chartered Institute of Technology. The seminar will cover topics such as the methods for producing electricity in large power plants, the fuel-wise capacity and principal components of thermal power plants, an overview of the Gandhinagar Thermal Power Station including its layout, coal cycle, steam cycle, water cycle, and internal power layout.
Impact of Distributed Generation on Energy LossNadineCroes
The aim is to give more insight into the effect of distributed power generation on energy loss. In most cases these distributed generators (DGs) are based on renewable energy such as solar panels and wind turbines, but there are also new technologies to increase efficiency such as the micro combined heat and power systems. Distributed generation can increase efficiency in the grid by reducing the distance between generators and consumers of electricity. The objective is to find an optimal mix of distributed generators (DGs) in a district so that energy loss is minimized and overload is avoided. The effect of using future electronic devices, such as electric vehicles, is also studied. To find an optimal mix of DGs a mixed integer quadratic programming model is defined and a case study is presented. The results indicate that the optimal solutions give substantial reductions in loss without overloading the system.
The document discusses smart grids and electric energy storage (EES) systems. It provides an overview of how smart grids integrate electrical and information infrastructure to improve energy efficiency and reliability through bidirectional communication between suppliers and consumers. It also describes how EES systems integrate batteries, power converters, and management systems to provide energy storage solutions for power generation, transmission, distribution, and end users. LSIS is introduced as developing EES technology, including building systems for Samsung SDI and a 16MW project for KEPCO frequency regulation. LSIS aims to expand its smart grid and EES experience globally.
Seminar on load scheduling and load sheddingBIJAY NAYAK
This document discusses load scheduling and load shedding in power systems. It defines electrical load and explains that load scheduling is important for optimal system operation as loads increase. It describes the need for load scheduling to estimate instantaneous loads and guide equipment sizing. Load shedding is defined as disconnecting part of the load to balance demand with capacity during excess load situations, preventing overloads and instability. The document outlines methodologies for load scheduling and procedures for planned load shedding, and discusses advantages like preventing damage but also disadvantages like loss of production.
The Gulf countries have seen rising energy demand that has strained their power grids. In 2001, six Gulf nations formed the GCCIA to address this by linking their electrical networks. The first major project was the GCCIA Project, which consists of three phases connecting the countries' grids. Phase I went live in 2009, linking four countries. AREVA T&D provided key components, including the first Middle East HVDC back-to-back stations allowing power sharing between grids rapidly and efficiently. This dynamic reserve power sharing minimizes the need for excess generation capacity in each country.
New control of pv solar farm as statcom (pv statcom) for increasing grid powe...LeMeniz Infotech
New control of pv solar farm as statcom (pv statcom) for increasing grid power transmission limits during night and day
To Get this projects Call : 9566355386 / 99625 88976
Visit : www.lemenizinfotech.com / www.ieeemaster.com
Mail : projects@lemenizinfotech.com
The document discusses techniques for optimal placement of distributed generation (DG) in distribution networks based on voltage stability. It presents modal analysis and continuous power flow methods to evaluate voltage stability and determine the best DG locations. As a case study, these techniques are applied to a 33-bus radial distribution network with 40% DG penetration to minimize losses and improve voltage profiles. Additionally, a reactive power ranking method provides a priority list of DG sites to compensate for reactive power shortages. The techniques ensure DG placement enhances voltage security margin while addressing both long-term and short-term reactive power issues.
ATC for congestion management in deregulated power systemBhargav Pandya
This document discusses congestion management in deregulated power systems through enhancement of available transfer capacity (ATC) using flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices. It proposes a new set of AC sensitivity factors called AC power transfer congestion distribution factors (ACPTCDF) to calculate ATC and identify the most congested transmission line. FACTS devices like UPFC can then be optimally placed to enhance ATC and relieve transmission congestion while maintaining system security and stability constraints. The document provides background on deregulation, open access, congestion management, ATC calculation methodology, and the role of various FACTS technologies to improve power transfer capability.
Congestion issues and its related managementalpna1808
This document discusses congestion issues and management in power systems. It defines congestion as overloading of transmission lines which can be caused by outages, load increases, or equipment failures. Congestion management aims to minimize market interference, secure operations, and improve efficiency. Facts devices can help relieve congestion by controlling power flows. The document presents a case study on congestion management methodology used in Thailand and provides results showing a congested transmission line exceeding its limit in a IEEE 30-bus system model. It concludes that congestion can be managed through methods like transmission line loading relief which identifies overloaded lines and curtails transactions impacting those lines.
The document discusses various types of equipment used in electrical distribution systems including transformers, circuit breakers, load break switches, and capacitor banks. It then describes methods of neutral grounding for distribution systems and the advantages of grounding such as improved safety and fault protection. Five methods of neutral earthing are outlined: unearthed neutral system, solidly earthed system, resistance earthed system, resonant earthed system, and earthing transformer system. Fault locators installed at substations are also summarized, which identify fault events, types, and calculate the distance to the fault location.
Congestion management using facts devices in deregulated power systemeSAT Journals
Abstract The deregulated power system offers more benefits to the customers so that it is quite popular in now days. The Increased power demand has forced the power system to operate very closer to its stability limits. This paper presents a new method to mitigate congestion in a deregulated Power system. The Increased power demand has forced the power system to operate very closer to its stability limits. So Transmission congestion, Voltage instability and power loss problems are arise in the power system. These are very serious problems which cause damage to the power system Congestion is a tough task in Deregulated power system. This paper deals with the best location for TCSC using priority list to have minimum total congestion rent and minimum total generation cost .The Simulation results were successfully tested on modified IEEE 9 bus system using Power world simulator 11.0. Keywords— Deregulated power system, Congestion, Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC), Reactive power loss, Power Transfer capability,
The document provides an overview of smart grids and their development. It discusses:
1) How today's power grids originated in the late 19th/early 20th century as local grids that grew over time and interconnected for reliability. By the 1960s, grids in developed nations were large, mature networks delivering power from thousands of central power plants.
2) The definition of a smart grid as a digitally enabled electrical grid that gathers, distributes, and acts on information from all participants to improve efficiency, reliability, and sustainability of electricity services.
3) Some key components of smart grids including intelligent appliances, smart meters, smart substations, super conducting cables, integrated communications networks, and phasor measurement units
This document provides information about evaluating power losses. It begins with an introduction to power losses that occur during transmission over long distances via networks from power plants to consumers. The document then discusses:
- Typical average loss percentages at different stages of transmission and distribution networks ranging from 1-6%
- The difference between transmission losses and power plant efficiencies
- The importance of regularly monitoring and evaluating losses to develop reduction strategies
- Methods for determining losses, including load flow analysis and calculating transformer, line, and commercial losses
- Software that can be used to analyze losses
The document concludes by thanking participants and listing references used.
Implementation of solar pv battery and diesel generator based electric vehic...Asoka Technologies
In this paper, a solar PV (Photovoltaic) array, a battery energy storage (BES), a diesel generator (DG) set and grid based EV charging station (CS) is utilized to provide the incessant charging in islanded, grid connected and DG set connected modes. The charging station is primarily designed to use the solar photovoltaic PV array and a BES to charge the electric vehicle (EV) battery. However, in case of exhausted storage battery and unavailable solar PV array generation, the charging station intelligently takes power from the grid or DG (Diesel Generator) set. However, the power from DG set is drawn in a manner that, it always operates at 80-85% loading to achieve maximum fuel efficiency under all loading conditions. Moreover, in coordination with the storage battery, the charging station regulates the generator voltage and frequency without a mechanical speed governor. It also ensures that the power drawn from the grid or the DG set is at unity power factor (UPF) even at nonlinear loading. Moreover, the PCC (Point of Common Coupling) voltage is synchronized to the grid/ generator voltage to obtain the ceaseless charging. The charging station also performs the vehicle to grid active/reactive power transfer, vehicle to home and vehicle to vehicle power transfer for increasing the operational efficiency of the charging station. The operation of the charging station is experimentally validated using the prototype developed in the laboratory.
Feasibility and optimal design of a hybrid power system for rural electrifica...IJECEIAES
This document presents a study on the feasibility and optimal design of a hybrid power system for rural electrification of a small village in Nigeria. The hybrid system considered consists of solar photovoltaic panels, a small hydropower turbine, batteries, and a diesel generator. The study first evaluates the feasibility of integrating a small hydropower plant into an existing water supply dam. It then develops an optimization model to determine the optimal sizing of each component in the hybrid system to minimize costs while ensuring reliability. The model is validated by comparing its results to those from the HOMER software using correlation coefficient and root mean square error tests. The developed model is found to better correlate with HOMER results and have a lower error,
The document discusses the objectives and operations of electric power systems. The key objectives are to provide continuous, quality service to users at minimum cost while minimizing environmental impact. Operations are divided into planning, control, and accounting. Planning optimizes resource allocation to meet peak demand at lowest cost. Control satisfies instantaneous load through economic dispatch and reserve calculation. Committing the most economical generating units based on costs and constraints is determined through unit commitment.
Impacts of Distributed Generation on Power QualityParth Patel
This paper studies the impacts of distributed generation, specifically solar and wind power, on power quality when interconnected to a distribution utility feeder. Multiple scenarios were modeled and simulated using the RSCAD/RTDS real-time simulation tool. The results show some increase in harmonic distortion and voltage fluctuations with the addition of distributed generation, but within acceptable limits. Harmonics were observed at higher orders which could impact power quality. Voltage fluctuations increased nearer to the distributed generation sources.
This document contains lecture notes on electrical distribution system planning from Dr. A. Arunagiri. It discusses key topics in distribution system planning including factors affecting planning, traditional least cost modeling, demand side planning, the role of computers, and the impact of dispersed storage and generation. It provides examples of different sub-transmission system configurations and distribution system types. The document is divided into numbered pages for a lecture on electrical distribution technology.
Updating rail signalling systems should involve evaluating the DC systems that power
them - to ensure they provide the proper foundation for safety, explains Mathias Lang
Article from Rail Professional, October 2014
Available transfer capability (atc) sbw pptRavi Sekpure
The document discusses available transfer capability (ATC) in power systems. ATC is a measure of unused transmission capacity and is calculated as total transfer capability (TTC) minus transmission reliability margin, existing transmission commitments, and capacity benefit margin. As electricity markets become more competitive, accurately calculating ATC is important to ensure efficient use of transmission networks over large distances. The document outlines various techniques for calculating ATC, including linear sensitivity analysis, power flow methods, and probabilistic approaches.
High level explanation of smart grids and battery energy storage systemsMircea Gingu
The document discusses how battery energy storage systems can help improve the performance and reliability of electrical grids. It notes that batteries can provide regulation and spinning reserves to balance generation and load, help maintain power supply during outages, and allow utilities to better manage demand and reduce peak loads. This helps improve grid efficiency, lower costs, and delay investments in new infrastructure.
Impact of Distributed Generation on Energy LossNadineCroes
The aim is to give more insight into the effect of distributed power generation on energy loss. In most cases these distributed generators (DGs) are based on renewable energy such as solar panels and wind turbines, but there are also new technologies to increase efficiency such as the micro combined heat and power systems. Distributed generation can increase efficiency in the grid by reducing the distance between generators and consumers of electricity. The objective is to find an optimal mix of distributed generators (DGs) in a district so that energy loss is minimized and overload is avoided. The effect of using future electronic devices, such as electric vehicles, is also studied. To find an optimal mix of DGs a mixed integer quadratic programming model is defined and a case study is presented. The results indicate that the optimal solutions give substantial reductions in loss without overloading the system.
The document discusses smart grids and electric energy storage (EES) systems. It provides an overview of how smart grids integrate electrical and information infrastructure to improve energy efficiency and reliability through bidirectional communication between suppliers and consumers. It also describes how EES systems integrate batteries, power converters, and management systems to provide energy storage solutions for power generation, transmission, distribution, and end users. LSIS is introduced as developing EES technology, including building systems for Samsung SDI and a 16MW project for KEPCO frequency regulation. LSIS aims to expand its smart grid and EES experience globally.
Seminar on load scheduling and load sheddingBIJAY NAYAK
This document discusses load scheduling and load shedding in power systems. It defines electrical load and explains that load scheduling is important for optimal system operation as loads increase. It describes the need for load scheduling to estimate instantaneous loads and guide equipment sizing. Load shedding is defined as disconnecting part of the load to balance demand with capacity during excess load situations, preventing overloads and instability. The document outlines methodologies for load scheduling and procedures for planned load shedding, and discusses advantages like preventing damage but also disadvantages like loss of production.
The Gulf countries have seen rising energy demand that has strained their power grids. In 2001, six Gulf nations formed the GCCIA to address this by linking their electrical networks. The first major project was the GCCIA Project, which consists of three phases connecting the countries' grids. Phase I went live in 2009, linking four countries. AREVA T&D provided key components, including the first Middle East HVDC back-to-back stations allowing power sharing between grids rapidly and efficiently. This dynamic reserve power sharing minimizes the need for excess generation capacity in each country.
New control of pv solar farm as statcom (pv statcom) for increasing grid powe...LeMeniz Infotech
New control of pv solar farm as statcom (pv statcom) for increasing grid power transmission limits during night and day
To Get this projects Call : 9566355386 / 99625 88976
Visit : www.lemenizinfotech.com / www.ieeemaster.com
Mail : projects@lemenizinfotech.com
The document discusses techniques for optimal placement of distributed generation (DG) in distribution networks based on voltage stability. It presents modal analysis and continuous power flow methods to evaluate voltage stability and determine the best DG locations. As a case study, these techniques are applied to a 33-bus radial distribution network with 40% DG penetration to minimize losses and improve voltage profiles. Additionally, a reactive power ranking method provides a priority list of DG sites to compensate for reactive power shortages. The techniques ensure DG placement enhances voltage security margin while addressing both long-term and short-term reactive power issues.
ATC for congestion management in deregulated power systemBhargav Pandya
This document discusses congestion management in deregulated power systems through enhancement of available transfer capacity (ATC) using flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices. It proposes a new set of AC sensitivity factors called AC power transfer congestion distribution factors (ACPTCDF) to calculate ATC and identify the most congested transmission line. FACTS devices like UPFC can then be optimally placed to enhance ATC and relieve transmission congestion while maintaining system security and stability constraints. The document provides background on deregulation, open access, congestion management, ATC calculation methodology, and the role of various FACTS technologies to improve power transfer capability.
Congestion issues and its related managementalpna1808
This document discusses congestion issues and management in power systems. It defines congestion as overloading of transmission lines which can be caused by outages, load increases, or equipment failures. Congestion management aims to minimize market interference, secure operations, and improve efficiency. Facts devices can help relieve congestion by controlling power flows. The document presents a case study on congestion management methodology used in Thailand and provides results showing a congested transmission line exceeding its limit in a IEEE 30-bus system model. It concludes that congestion can be managed through methods like transmission line loading relief which identifies overloaded lines and curtails transactions impacting those lines.
The document discusses various types of equipment used in electrical distribution systems including transformers, circuit breakers, load break switches, and capacitor banks. It then describes methods of neutral grounding for distribution systems and the advantages of grounding such as improved safety and fault protection. Five methods of neutral earthing are outlined: unearthed neutral system, solidly earthed system, resistance earthed system, resonant earthed system, and earthing transformer system. Fault locators installed at substations are also summarized, which identify fault events, types, and calculate the distance to the fault location.
Congestion management using facts devices in deregulated power systemeSAT Journals
Abstract The deregulated power system offers more benefits to the customers so that it is quite popular in now days. The Increased power demand has forced the power system to operate very closer to its stability limits. This paper presents a new method to mitigate congestion in a deregulated Power system. The Increased power demand has forced the power system to operate very closer to its stability limits. So Transmission congestion, Voltage instability and power loss problems are arise in the power system. These are very serious problems which cause damage to the power system Congestion is a tough task in Deregulated power system. This paper deals with the best location for TCSC using priority list to have minimum total congestion rent and minimum total generation cost .The Simulation results were successfully tested on modified IEEE 9 bus system using Power world simulator 11.0. Keywords— Deregulated power system, Congestion, Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC), Reactive power loss, Power Transfer capability,
The document provides an overview of smart grids and their development. It discusses:
1) How today's power grids originated in the late 19th/early 20th century as local grids that grew over time and interconnected for reliability. By the 1960s, grids in developed nations were large, mature networks delivering power from thousands of central power plants.
2) The definition of a smart grid as a digitally enabled electrical grid that gathers, distributes, and acts on information from all participants to improve efficiency, reliability, and sustainability of electricity services.
3) Some key components of smart grids including intelligent appliances, smart meters, smart substations, super conducting cables, integrated communications networks, and phasor measurement units
This document provides information about evaluating power losses. It begins with an introduction to power losses that occur during transmission over long distances via networks from power plants to consumers. The document then discusses:
- Typical average loss percentages at different stages of transmission and distribution networks ranging from 1-6%
- The difference between transmission losses and power plant efficiencies
- The importance of regularly monitoring and evaluating losses to develop reduction strategies
- Methods for determining losses, including load flow analysis and calculating transformer, line, and commercial losses
- Software that can be used to analyze losses
The document concludes by thanking participants and listing references used.
Implementation of solar pv battery and diesel generator based electric vehic...Asoka Technologies
In this paper, a solar PV (Photovoltaic) array, a battery energy storage (BES), a diesel generator (DG) set and grid based EV charging station (CS) is utilized to provide the incessant charging in islanded, grid connected and DG set connected modes. The charging station is primarily designed to use the solar photovoltaic PV array and a BES to charge the electric vehicle (EV) battery. However, in case of exhausted storage battery and unavailable solar PV array generation, the charging station intelligently takes power from the grid or DG (Diesel Generator) set. However, the power from DG set is drawn in a manner that, it always operates at 80-85% loading to achieve maximum fuel efficiency under all loading conditions. Moreover, in coordination with the storage battery, the charging station regulates the generator voltage and frequency without a mechanical speed governor. It also ensures that the power drawn from the grid or the DG set is at unity power factor (UPF) even at nonlinear loading. Moreover, the PCC (Point of Common Coupling) voltage is synchronized to the grid/ generator voltage to obtain the ceaseless charging. The charging station also performs the vehicle to grid active/reactive power transfer, vehicle to home and vehicle to vehicle power transfer for increasing the operational efficiency of the charging station. The operation of the charging station is experimentally validated using the prototype developed in the laboratory.
Feasibility and optimal design of a hybrid power system for rural electrifica...IJECEIAES
This document presents a study on the feasibility and optimal design of a hybrid power system for rural electrification of a small village in Nigeria. The hybrid system considered consists of solar photovoltaic panels, a small hydropower turbine, batteries, and a diesel generator. The study first evaluates the feasibility of integrating a small hydropower plant into an existing water supply dam. It then develops an optimization model to determine the optimal sizing of each component in the hybrid system to minimize costs while ensuring reliability. The model is validated by comparing its results to those from the HOMER software using correlation coefficient and root mean square error tests. The developed model is found to better correlate with HOMER results and have a lower error,
The document discusses the objectives and operations of electric power systems. The key objectives are to provide continuous, quality service to users at minimum cost while minimizing environmental impact. Operations are divided into planning, control, and accounting. Planning optimizes resource allocation to meet peak demand at lowest cost. Control satisfies instantaneous load through economic dispatch and reserve calculation. Committing the most economical generating units based on costs and constraints is determined through unit commitment.
Impacts of Distributed Generation on Power QualityParth Patel
This paper studies the impacts of distributed generation, specifically solar and wind power, on power quality when interconnected to a distribution utility feeder. Multiple scenarios were modeled and simulated using the RSCAD/RTDS real-time simulation tool. The results show some increase in harmonic distortion and voltage fluctuations with the addition of distributed generation, but within acceptable limits. Harmonics were observed at higher orders which could impact power quality. Voltage fluctuations increased nearer to the distributed generation sources.
This document contains lecture notes on electrical distribution system planning from Dr. A. Arunagiri. It discusses key topics in distribution system planning including factors affecting planning, traditional least cost modeling, demand side planning, the role of computers, and the impact of dispersed storage and generation. It provides examples of different sub-transmission system configurations and distribution system types. The document is divided into numbered pages for a lecture on electrical distribution technology.
Updating rail signalling systems should involve evaluating the DC systems that power
them - to ensure they provide the proper foundation for safety, explains Mathias Lang
Article from Rail Professional, October 2014
Available transfer capability (atc) sbw pptRavi Sekpure
The document discusses available transfer capability (ATC) in power systems. ATC is a measure of unused transmission capacity and is calculated as total transfer capability (TTC) minus transmission reliability margin, existing transmission commitments, and capacity benefit margin. As electricity markets become more competitive, accurately calculating ATC is important to ensure efficient use of transmission networks over large distances. The document outlines various techniques for calculating ATC, including linear sensitivity analysis, power flow methods, and probabilistic approaches.
High level explanation of smart grids and battery energy storage systemsMircea Gingu
The document discusses how battery energy storage systems can help improve the performance and reliability of electrical grids. It notes that batteries can provide regulation and spinning reserves to balance generation and load, help maintain power supply during outages, and allow utilities to better manage demand and reduce peak loads. This helps improve grid efficiency, lower costs, and delay investments in new infrastructure.
The document discusses green IT and increasing energy efficiency. It covers topics like improving power distribution systems, using more efficient generators and power supplies, adopting energy management software, and generating power from renewable sources. It also discusses challenges facing data centers like increasing power and cooling demands, and solutions to improve availability like deploying redundant power systems and parallel power supplies.
The document discusses the North Delhi Power Limited (NDPL), a power distribution company in Delhi, India. It provides details on NDPL's performance parameters like AT&C losses, billing and collection efficiencies across different circles and districts. It also outlines NDPL's vision, mission and guiding principles for IT, and highlights some of its IT achievements like connectivity across offices and payment options for consumers.
This document discusses the transition from conventional power grids to smart grids. It outlines some limitations of conventional grids, including centralized generation, one-directional power flow, and inability to optimize transmission. Key components of smart grids are identified as distributed generation, renewable integration, communication-enabled transmission and distribution, and smart energy meters. Strategies to reduce transmission and distribution losses in India such as APDRP and RGGVY programs are also summarized. The benefits of HVDC transmission over long HVAC lines are provided.
This document discusses power factor correction and harmonics in electrical systems. It introduces Power Factor Solution as a company that provides solutions to improve power factor and reduce harmonics. The document then provides background information on power factor, how it is measured, and how capacitors can be used to improve power factor. It also discusses harmonics, how they are generated by non-linear loads, the problems they can cause, and how to identify harmonic issues in a system.
This document summarizes a study that analyzes the costs of alternative energy sources for powering a house in Gwalior, India. The authors conducted an energy audit of the house to determine its total energy consumption. They then analyzed the costs and feasibility of using solar panels and inverters as alternative energy sources. The results provided guidance on using methods like selective loading to reduce energy costs by powering parts of the house with these alternative sources. In conclusion, the study evaluated alternative energy options for the house to help address issues with India's unreliable electricity supply.
This presentation discusses load scheduling and load shedding in power systems. Load scheduling involves estimating loads to prepare for equipment sizing and power studies. It should be done early in design. Load shedding controls load balancing by disconnecting circuits to prevent overloads. It prevents damage but causes loss of production and crime during blackouts. Utilities must increase capacity to meet rising demand.
The merits of integrating renewables with smarter grid carimetRick Case, PMP, P.E.
A critical look at the response a grid will need with increasing penetration levels of Variable Renewable Resouces (VRRs) on a grid and the SMART solutions required to maintain grid stability.
The document discusses key terms related to electric power generation systems and operations. It defines reserve capacity, operating reserve, average demand, maximum demand, base load and peak load. It also discusses load curves, load duration curves, mass curves, demand factor, load factor, diversity factor, capacity factor, use factor and different tariff structures. Factors that help determine the optimal size and number of generating units are also covered. The roles and challenges of electrical grids are outlined. Brownouts and blackouts are defined and distinguished.
Energy Efficiency in Electrical Systems.pptxPoojaAnupGarg
The document discusses energy efficiency in electrical systems, including electricity billing, electrical load management, maximum demand control, power factor improvement, transformers, and capacitor performance assessment. It provides details on electromagnetic meter outputs, load curve generation, rescheduling loads, non-essential load shedding, and capacitor sizing, location, and performance evaluation to reduce maximum demand and improve power factor.
An overview of Demand Side Management with a concept of demand and supply in Power Distribution with Demand Response and Energy Efficiency in adherence to Indian Installation Capacity
Demand Side Management” means the actions of a Distribution Licensee, beyond the customer's meter, with the objective of altering the end-use of electricity
Controlled Sine wave front end drives address electrical pollution from variable frequency AC drives by drawing current in a near sinusoidal waveform, producing near-zero harmonics. This technology enables unity power factor, reduces energy losses, and allows regenerative energy to be returned to the supply. The latest advancements provide additional benefits that reduce the total cost of ownership for large drive systems.
(a)What do you mean by smart substation, smart feeders & Transmission system?
(b)What is need of smart substation, smart feeders & Transmission system?
(c) What are various merits and benefits of smart substation, smart feeders & Transmission system?
(d) Various technologies to make adjusting system into smart substation, smart distribution & Transmission system?
The document provides information about different groups in the power sector and their responsibilities. It discusses the current state of power generation, transmission, and distribution in India. Key challenges include high transmission and distribution losses, lack of proper asset management and monitoring systems, and political interference. The last section discusses automation systems that can help address some of these challenges.
The document discusses demand side management (DSM) strategies to efficiently manage electricity demand. It covers:
1. The goals of DSM including encouraging off-peak energy use and reducing environmental impacts.
2. Key steps in planning and implementing DSM programs including load forecasting, identifying target sectors and efficiency measures, and designing incentive programs.
3. Examples of DSM strategies for different sectors like encouraging efficient pump use in agriculture and promoting efficient appliances in residential and commercial buildings.
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Kenya’s main electricity producer walks us through their efforts in energy efficiency including their 2010 CFL program and other energy management projects.
Similar to Maximize Minnesota Power Supply And Demand Presentation February 2010 (20)
The document summarizes a camp hosted by Anoka Technical College to expose underrepresented middle school students to STEM careers through hands-on learning activities. The camp provided leadership opportunities for past participants and supported first generation college students and those with GPAs between 2.0-3.0. Students engaged in classes, field trips, and projects with transportation, materials, and meals provided. Organizers conducted surveys and interviews for feedback to improve connecting students to technical education pathways.
The document summarizes a camp hosted by Anoka Technical College to expose underrepresented middle school students to STEM careers through hands-on learning activities. The camp provided leadership opportunities for past participants and supported first generation college students and those with GPAs between 2.0-3.0. Students engaged in classes, field trips, and projects with materials, transportation, meals, and a graduation ceremony provided. Organizers conducted surveys and interviews with participants and their families to evaluate the program. Students enjoyed the hands-on activities, especially building a robot, and making new friends while learning.
ZAP Camp outlines best practices for running a successful summer camp including maintaining low student-staff ratios, extensive staff training, daily parent communication through email and surveys, and offering a variety of hands-on and team building activities such as a high ropes course. An organized camp coordinator with a science background and strong communication skills oversees the program.
STEPS camp is a hands-on, girls-only engineering camp held overnight at the University of St Thomas. The camp focuses on themes like planes or rockets and sustainability. Small classes are taught by passionate teachers and divided into small, mixed teams of 6th through 9th grade girls. The camp schedule follows a 30/30/30 rule with technical, developmental, and recreational activities split equally each day. Activities include labs in areas like aviation, animation, chemistry and more. Evening activities are counselor-led and include topics like problem solving and team building. The camp aims to be accessible to all income levels and provides a large take-home project. Engineering students serve as counselors while professionals teach. Staff meets after each
The document describes two ZAP camps offered in 2010 at South Central College. The camps allowed youth ages 11-15 to experience hands-on activities in fields like mechatronics, computer integrated machining, and architectural drafting. At both camps, students planned and created a project using real-world equipment and materials. They also visited work sites and shared what they learned with family and friends.
Normandale Community College hosted several STEM outreach workshops from 2008-2010 for middle and high school students. Surveys found the workshops increased students' interest in STEM subjects and careers. Workshops were successful due to collaborations with schools, STEM organizations, and industry. Challenges included securing consistent funding and recruiting participants.
The document summarizes Mesabi Range College's 2009 STEM camp, which provided excellent hands-on learning opportunities in fields like engineering, physics, chemistry, and biology. Students toured local industries, worked on designing fuel cell cars, and went on a field trip to the Soudan Underground Mine. The camp encouraged engaged and team-based learning between students and teachers. It aimed to inspire young minds, especially girls, and support the next generation of innovators in STEM fields through real-world experiences.
This document discusses 3M's energy management program. It outlines 3M's sustainability strategy and goals for reducing energy use across its facilities. The document also introduces ISO 50001, an international standard for energy management systems that 3M has adopted. It promotes teaming up to save energy through implementing energy management programs.
This document discusses energy management in manufacturing. It notes that 30% of energy is consumed by industry and 10-20% or more is wasted. Managing energy can lead to great savings for companies. Innovation is needed to manage energy and change organizational culture. Standards like ISO have helped industries grow. Comments from manufacturers note the need to take a long view and implement recommendations to ensure a skilled workforce for the future when the economy improves. The presentation previews increasing sustainability and competitiveness through innovation.
This document outlines a strategic plan for MNCEME with goals in four areas:
1) Expanding STEM pipeline programs like summer camps and competitions.
2) Developing a Knowledge Center to share best practices in advanced technologies and energy optimization.
3) Increasing sustainability through partnerships, shared programs, and industry engagement.
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The plan aims to increase access to STEM fields while promoting quality learning and innovation.
This document discusses employer-community college partnerships for workforce training. It provides examples of four such partnerships: between Sequins International and LaGuardia Community College; DaimlerChrysler and Macomb Community College; Intel and Mission College; and Boeing and Shoreline Community College. These partnerships were formed to address employers' needs to upgrade workers' skills due to technological changes, competition, and a tight labor market. Community colleges can meet large training demands through their breadth of courses and instructors. The partnerships provide workers with technical and soft skills training to help companies and workers remain competitive.
The document summarizes a webinar about $220 million in Recovery Act grants for training workers for careers in high-growth industries like healthcare, information technology, and advanced manufacturing. The grants will provide up to $125 million for healthcare and $95 million for other emerging industries to fund projects that train unemployed, dislocated, and incumbent workers for in-demand jobs. Eligible applicants include workforce boards, education providers, and employers who must partner together on training programs that lead to credentials and employment. The webinar provided details on eligible activities, participants, and criteria for the competitive grants which will range from $2-5 million each over a 36 month period.
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Maximize Minnesota Power Supply And Demand Presentation February 2010
1. Power Supply & Demand Tony Ramunno Director, Engineering & Project Management Great River Energy
2. Great River Energy G&T Cooperative 28 Member Cooperatives Customer Interface 634,000 Members (Owners) Sales: 57.4% Residential 40.2% Commercial and Industrial, Agriculture 2.4% Seasonal 5th largest G&T in nation Second largest utility in Minnesota Tony Ramunno - Director Engineering & Project Management - Transmission
3. Great River Energy Service area covers 60% of Minnesota Nearly 850 employees (in MN and ND) 2,800 MW of generation 4,500 miles of transmission lines Total assets: $2.3 billion
4. Overview of Presentation Generation types/cost/application Power Delivery – Transmission Correlation of load to electrical infrastructure What can we do!
5. Introduction Electricity Is not Magic Can’t be stored/warehoused Ordered, Manufactured, and delivered “on-demand” Electricity usage and production costs are directly related! Infrastructure must be built to accommodate “peak demand” Assets are expensive ($$ and lead time) Users of electricity share the cost
7. Matching Generation & Load Types Unpredictable or added to high Load timeframe High Cost Generation Cycling, Seasonal, other predictable Load ContinuousLoad Low Cost Generation
8. Power Delivery System OverviewTransmission Must Cover “peak load” Generating Plants Purchased Power Power is generated or purchased Bulk transmission (DC line and >115kv) moves the power to transmission substations, allows reserve sharing, and integrates resources into a regional grid Bulk Transmission Bulk Transmission Substation These substations drop the voltage down Load serving transmission (<115kv) moves the power to distribution substations Load Serving Transmission distribution substations drop the voltage down Distribution Substations Distribution Lines distribution lines move the power to the end customer.
11. What Can We Do! Understand/manage process energy usage Energize/de-energize frequency/duration Staging starts/stops to levelize load Consider energy in utilization equation Is there operational flexibility? Can facility load be shifted to off-peak times? Consider energy in equipment selection Energy efficiency – upfront vs. lifetime costs
12. Working Together Collaborate with Electric Utility Time of day or time of year load benefits On-site emergency generation capabilities Load shedding or other flexibility during times of emergency We all share the costs for Electrical Infrastructure! We all share the savings of deferred/delayed infrastructure!
This chart is busy, intention is to show Optimization of Generation relative to the load characteristics Run Baseload plants continuous Least cost generation Utilize intermediate plants for seasonal (or other planned) load fluctuationUtilize peaking to cover peak loads (hot days) high loads for short duration
Need enough continuous load during off-peak times to keep base load plants on-line! Wind Generation makes this more challenging (calm hot days and windy nights!)Minimize unpredictable or peak loads (more costly to Generate Power)
The red line represents a load curve that would be ideal considering the demand curves for this utilityThis is what is exciting about pluggable electric automobiles…plug in at night more fully leveraging existing infrastructure