The document discusses population composition and food production trends around the world. It notes that Africa, Asia, and Latin America currently have the youngest populations, while Europe has the oldest. In the US, about 1 in 8 Americans are elderly, a proportion that has been increasing since 1900 due to high birth rates in the late 19th/early 20th century and declining mortality. Over two-thirds of global cropland is used to grow cereals and grains, which provide half of global caloric intake. While food production doubled between 1950-1990, production per capita has declined since 1984. China accounts for a large portion of food output but also population in developing regions. Strategies to increase yields include fertilizers, irrigation, and