This document discusses population growth and migration trends over time. It notes that the world population has grown from fewer than 10 million 12,000 years ago to over 7 billion today, due to improved food production and healthcare extending lifespans. Demographers study population changes by measuring birth and death rates in different locations. People tend to migrate within and between countries to places that can better meet their needs, such as finding work or escaping poverty or conflict. Rapid urbanization has created challenges for cities to accommodate growing populations.

2. ▪ Students will demonstrate the
following enduring
understanding
▪ Population growth can have both
short- term and long-term economic
and environmental effects on a place.
▪ People choose to settle in areas that
meet their basic needs.
▪ Migration takes place when people
decide that their needs can be better
met in a different location.

4.  Today, the world’s
population is around 7
billion. When people first
began farming around 12,000
years ago, it was fewer than
10 million.
 Since then, better food
production and healthcare
have caused a population
boom.

5.  Demographers are
scientist who study
human populations. They
measure the rate at which
population is growing.
They compare birth rates
to death rates.
 The birth rate is the
number of live births per
1,000 people in a year.
 The death rate is the number
of deaths per 1,000 people
per year.

6.  The Industrial
Revolution brought
many changes to the
population growth.
 Medical Care
 Improvements in food
 production
 Living conditions

7.  Population growth has positive
and negative effects.
▪ For example, a growing population
can produce more goods and
services.
However a rapid growth can also
cause problems. The population
can grow faster than the supply of
food, water, medicine and other
resources.

8.  Population distribution
is the spreading of
people over an area of
land.
 The world’s population is
distributed unevenly on
Earth’s surface.
 People try to live in places
that meet their basic
needs.
Population density is the
number of people per
unit of land area.

9.  For thousands of
years, people have
migrated to new
places.
 Migration is the
movement of people
from one place to
another.

10.  People often migrate
within a country. When
you migrate from one
place of the country to
another place in the
country it is known as
internal migration.
 Moving from one country
to another country is
known as external
migration.

11.  When people leave their
country, they emigrate,
which means to migrate
out of a place.
 To enter a new country is
to immigrate, or to
migrate into a place.

12.  People who migrate are often
looking for a better life. They
may move to escape poverty,
a lack of jobs, or a harsh
climate. In some countries,
war or other conflicts forces
people to migrate. These
reasons for migration are
known as push factors.
 Push factors are causes
of migration that push
people to leave their
home country. Other
reasons are known as
Pull factors. Freedom,
supply of jobs are pull
factors.

13.  In many parts of the
world people are
migrating from rural
areas to urban areas.
 Urban areas are cities.
 Rural areas are
settlements in the
country.
Urbanization is the
movement of people
from rural areas to
urban areas.

14.  Rapid urbanization has created
challenges for growing cities,
especially those in poor
countries.
 These cities cannot provide
the housing, school, jobs
and other services.
▪ Resulting in slums, or
poor overcrowded urban
areas.
Wealthier countries deal with
Suburban sprawl.
Suburban sprawl is the
spread of suburbs away
fro the core city.