1. The document discusses the recycling of polyester, specifically polyethylene terephthalate (PET). PET is commonly used in textiles and plastic bottles. 2. Recycled PET (rPET) is considered more environmentally friendly than virgin PET as it uses less energy and emits fewer carbon emissions. rPET can be used to make new textiles, carpets, and sleeping bags. 3. The document then outlines processes for depolymerizing and recycling PET waste through glycolysis. The recycled PET can be used to produce polyester polyols, coatings, textile softeners, and hydrophobic dyes. It can also be used as reinforcement in concrete and to strengthen recycled paper.

1. A PRESENTATION ON:
1
RECYLING OF POLYESTEReNG OF
POLYESTER
Presented by-
Ashish Kumar Dua 2012TTF2406

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POLYSTER & POLYESTER BOTTLES:
Most synthetic fibers (approximately 70%) are made from polyester, and
the polyester most often used in textiles is polyethylene terephthalate
(PET).
The majority of the world’s PET production – about 60% – is used to
make fibers for textiles; about 30% is used to make bottles.
It’s estimated that it takes about 104 million barrels of oil for PET
production each year – that’s 70 million barrels just to produce the
virgin polyester used in fabrics.
The reason recycled polyester (often written rPET) is considered a
green option in textiles today is twofold, and the argument goes like
this:
Saving energy (33% to 53% less energy than produce from virgin)
Estimate at 54.6% fewer CO2 emissions
Keeping bottles and other plastics out of the landfills.
Some major companies in recycling-
1. Tex America,inc
2. Napcar,USA
3. Fleissner GmbH and Co.
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DELHI

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FUN FACTS ABOUT POLYSTER :
First PET bottle was recycled in 1977
FACTS about PET:
Recycling 1 ton of PET bottles saves 7.4 cubic yards
of landfill space
It takes 5 recycled two-liter PET bottles to make one
square foot of carpet.
PET bottles and containers are actually a form of
polyester, which is why it is so easy to recycle bottles
into T-shirts, sweaters and socks.
It takes 35 liter recycled PET bottles to make the soft
filling inside a sleeping bag, called “fiberfill.”
Plastic makes up 8% of our trash by weight, but is
24% of the volume

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Introduction:
Chemical Structure
Rigid Flexible
 Its having crystallinity around 60-65%.
 Its having high glass transition temp. around 70-80 ºC .
 It is produced basically two routes by step growth polymerization.
POLYESTER
DMT PTA
Dimethyl terphththalate Purified terephthalic acid

5. PROCESS TO MAKE POLYESTER: 5

6. Glycolysis process .. 6
180-2000C
N2
Bis(2-hydroxyetylterphthalate(BHET).
EG+ PET are taken in molar basic ratio 1:4 t0 1:6 & .5 % zinc acetate as a catalyst.
Applications-1.Resins
2.Coating
3.Laminates
4.Dyes

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RECYLING OF POLYESTER BOTTLES.
 Common PET depolymerisation treatments for recycling.
Note- Current work aims at effective recycling of waste PET from soft drink bottles by
glycolysis method and thereby utilization of recycled product for coating application.
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,DELHI

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PET WASTE USING TO VARIOUS TEXTILE AUXILLARIES :
1.Softners-Conversion of BHET TO BHECL form.
Fatty acid BHET+thionyl chloride +.5% dimethyl formaldehyde in toluene as a
dissolved in catalyst after reaction excess toluene was collected via vacuum distillation.
toluene with
stirring
BHECL
Add amine salt
continuously
to drop wise
After that BHECL Amine
added to flask(1:1) derivatives
for 3 hr

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CONTINUED:
Quaternarization of the amine derivative was carried out by adding dimethyl
sulfate (1:1). Sodium carbonate was added as an acid quencher and the
mixture was kept at 70 °C for 3 h. Upon distillation of toluene, the cationic
softener product was obtained. Following were the fatty acids and amines tried.
It gives the details of the reactants Since DETA reacted to BHECL has two free
amine groups, whereas EDA reacted to BHECL has one free amine group and
hence one mole of this amine combines with one mole of fatty acid.
S.R. Shukla et al. / Waste Management 28 (2008) 51–56

10. CONTINUED: 10

11. USE OF PET WASTE TO MAKE HYDROPHOBIC DYESTUFF : 11
S.R. Shukla et al. / Polymer Degradation and Stability 94 (2009) 604–609

12. CONTINUED…
12
S.R. Shukla et al. / Polymer Degradation and Stability 94 (2009) 604–609
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DELHI

13. 13
CONTINUED :

14. Alkyd resins derived from glycolized waste: 14

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Contiuned…
European Polymer Journal 41 (2005) 201–210
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DELHI

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PREPARTION OF PET POLYOL :
Glycolzed product is used for synthesis for PE polyol.
Adpic acid+pthallic
anhydride +neopentyl BHET PE polyol
glycol
.5 % of P-toluene sulphonic acid+xylene,inert atm.
Prepartaion of PE polyol coating
It is used with different isocyanete curing agent ratio NCO:OH (1:1) OF 1:1 Dimetyl formamide is used
as a solvent to system.
Curing film applied at
substrate for 1800c for 1
hr.

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CONTINUED…
.

18. CONTINUED…
18
.

19. RECYCLE PAPER TREATED WITH PET RESIN OR PET
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COATNG :
1.The PET dispersion can be used with other wet strength resin,such as poly
amide-epichlorohydrin.
2. PET not only add additional dry & wet strength but not repulable wet
strength resin repulable.
.
Figure 1. Dry tensile strength of sheets treated with different polyesters.
Stephen A Fischer, Repulping wet-strength paper,
TAPPI Journal, 141-147, Vol. 80, No. 11

20. continued : 20
Figure 2. Wet tensile of the sheets treated with different polyesters
LSE-Low surface energy product
HSE-High surface energy product
HTG-High Tg product
Advantages-Its having the high potential to save a large amount of trees
and energy while limiting filling.

21. Recycled pet fibre in concrete –reinforcement
21
fibre:
Cement & Concrete Composites 29 (2007) 448–455
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DELHI

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conituned :

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Development in process technology &process
chemistry:
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DELHI

24. CONTINUED…
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T. Ochi et al. / Cement & Concrete Composites 29 (2007)

25. CONCLUSION:
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1.The water dispersible polymer used in coating recyclable paper can be used as a wet end
additive to improve paperdry dry & wet strength. We can make paper water respellent ,paper
stiff with good dry strength or both dry & wet strength good by treating with different resins.
2. Waste PET was depolymerized via glycolysis product was used for synthesis of new polyester
polygol. This was used for coating application having excellent mechanical properties like as
flexibility ,impact resistance ,scratch & hardness ,good chemical resistance.
3.To produce a new material from plastic waste, PET was oligomerized by a poly-functional
alcohol and mixed temp. The presence of oligomers enhanced thermal stability.
4. PET waste is used in useful textile finishing softeners. By the high purity of virtual manner
BHET ,it can further converted into quaternary compound which used as softeners in textile
finishing.
5. Recycled PET does not adversely affect the resins properties based on recycled PET can
help decrease the cost of polymer end product & reduce environment pollution.

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GO GREEN ..LIVE HAPPY!