Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development – Building Blocks for Policy Coherence
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Ebba Dohlman, Senior Advisor, Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development, Office of the Secretary-General, OECD
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Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development – Building Blocks for Policy Coherence
- 1. Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development Ebba Dohlman, Ph.D. Senior Advisor OECD @OECD_PCD www.oecd.org/pcd UNDP REGIONAL KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE Supporting policy coherence for accelerating progress towards the 2030 Agenda Manila, Philippines 2-4 October 2017 Building Blocks for Policy Coherence #SDGAction12066
- 2. POLICY COHERENCE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Source: OECD (2014) Better Policies for Development 2014: Policy Coherence and Illicit Financial Flows, OECD Publishing. MainObjectives Foster synergies across economic, social and environmental policy areas Identify trade-offs & reconcile domestic policy objectives with internationally agreed objectives Address the spillovers of domestic policies 1 2 3 PCSD is an approach and policy tool to integrate the economic, social, environmental dimensions of sustainable development at all stages of domestic and international policy making.
- 3. 5 COMPLEMENTARY LEVELS OF COHERENCE FOR PCSD Source: OECD (2015), Better Policies for Development 2015: Policy Coherence and Green Growth, OECD Publishing, Paris.
- 4. PCSD IN THE SDG FRAMEWORK (SDG17.14) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 a b c d Finance Tech. Capacity Trade PCSD Partners. Data,etc. ECONOMIC SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL GOAL ON MEANS OF IMPLEMENTATION (MOI)SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGs) TARGETSTARGETSONMOI Indivisible Reinforcing Enabling Consistent Constraining Counteracting Cancelling +3 +2 +1 0 -1 -2 -3 Source: adapted from the presentation by Amb. Csaba Kőrösi, PR of Hungary to UN: “From SDGs to Post-2015 Agenda” at the OECD in Paris on October 7th, 2014. 1.2 2.3 15.5 2.2 7.1 7.2 13.2 3.9 2.b 3.b 4.b 10.c 12.c
- 5. Is there a clear statement at the highest political level backed by action plans? Have policy inter-linkages (synergies and trade-offs) been considered in sectoral strategies and policy proposals? Are there mechanisms in place to ensure sustained efforts beyond electoral cycles? Have the potential transboundary and intergenerational effects been identified? Are there mechanisms in place to mitigate potential negative effects? Is the coordination mechanism located strategically to promote coherence and resolve policy conflicts? Are implementation responsibilities clearly divided and actions aligned across levels of government? What mechanisms are in place to ensure that stakeholder input feeds into decision-making processes? Are there mechanisms in place to monitor policy impacts and report to the public? Checklist Source: OECD (2017), Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development 2017: Eradicating Poverty and Promoting Prosperity, OECD Publishing, Paris. EIGHT BUILDING BLOCKS FOR PCSD
- 6. INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSES FROM SOME OECD COUNTRIES Estonia Political commitment Policy integration Long-term perspective Policy effects Policy coordination Local involvement Stakeholder participation Monitoring and reporting PCSD Building Blocks Source: OECD (2017), Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development 2017: Eradicating Poverty and Promoting Prosperity, OECD Publishing, Paris.
- 7. Policy Effects Policy interactions Institutional Mechanisms Policy formulation • Analyse contextual factors, enablers, disablers, systemic conditions. • Define policy objectives, inputs/outputs, outcomes Institutional settings and processes • PCSD Building Blocks: political commitment, policy integration, long-term perspective, policy effects, policy coordination, local involvement, stakeholder participation, monitoring and reporting. Policy implementation Consider effects on people’s well-being: • ‘Here and now’ • ‘Elsewhere’ • ‘Later’ KEY ELEMENTS OF PCSD
Editor's Notes
- 1. Between the SDGs and national policies including at the local level. Consistent actions across multiple levels of governance at the local, regional, national and international level will be fundamental for a successful implementation of the SDGs (vertical coherence). 2. Between the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and other international agendas. The SDGs cannot be achieved without complementary actions at the global level and without supportive international normative frameworks and regimes. These international frameworks are critical for creating international enabling environments through: a fair and well-functioning global trading system, a more transparent global tax system, stable financial systems, equitable access to knowledge, innovation and technology, responsible investment, effective climate action, amongst others. 3. Between economic, social and environmental policies. The 2030 Agenda needs to be implemented in a way that synergies can be realised across the environmental, social and economic dimensions of sustainable development. There is a need for inter-ministerial committees at the highest level to understand key policy linkages, to map out plans with long-term horizons, and to link national budgets and national statistic systems. 4. Between diverse sources of finance (public, private, international and domestic). One of the main challenges in achieving the SDGs will be to increase and mobilise private investments, and a PCSD approach can help countries reduce inefficient legal and policy barriers in order to enhance synergies between the provision of ODA and private financial sources. 5. Between actions of multiple actors (governments, international organisations, civil society and the private sector). Multi-stakeholder partnerships, including public-private partnerships can help mobilise resources, collective action and means for creating the necessary enabling environments to achieve the SDGs
- Interlinkages (source: ICSU Report) Indivisible SDG 2.2 and 1.2 – food and nutrition security (2.1, 2.2) are inextricably linked to reducing and eradicating poverty (1.1, 1.2). Without proper nutrition, humans cannot reach their full potential. Improving nutritional outcomes of a population is essential to break the intergenerational cycle of poverty. Reinforcing SDG 13.2 – 3.9 integrating climate change measures into national policies (13.2) will support improvements in air quality and thus contribute to reduce the number of deaths from air pollution (3.9). Counteracting SDG 2.3 – 7.1/7.2 Competition over land and water can result in trade-offs. Doubling agricultural productivity (2.3) may constrain the use of water at the expense of increasing renewable energy sources (e.g. hydropower) (SDG 7.2) or the use of other water-related energy sources to ensure access to energy (7.1). SDG2.3 – 15.5 Intensive agriculture and revenue increase based solely on agricultural productivity (SDG2.3) without sustainability may counteract ecosystems protection/restoration (15.5) and increase deforestation and land degradation. In addition, the SDG framework includes targets on MOI which are relevant from a PCSD perspective and can provide the basis for defining PCSD priorities, such as: SDG 2.b Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets, including through the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies and all export measures with equivalent effect, in accordance with the mandate of the Doha Development Round. SDG 3.b provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which affirms the right of developing countries to use to the full the provisions in the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights regarding flexibilities to protect public health, and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all. SDG 4.b By 2020, substantially expand globally the number of scholarships available to developing countries, in particular least developed countries, small island developing States and African countries, for enrolment in higher education, including vocational training and information and communications technology, technical, engineering and scientific programmes, in developed countries and other developing countries. SDG 10.c By 2030, reduce to less than 3 per cent the transaction costs of migrant remittances and eliminate remittance corridors with costs higher than 5 per cent. SDG 12.c Rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions, in accordance with national circumstances,