Politics: Who Gets What, and How?
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This document provides an overview of key concepts in political science. It defines politics as "who gets what, when and how" and notes that political scientists study power and its distribution. Power is the ability to influence or impose one's will on others. The document distinguishes between politics, which concerns the distribution of power and resources in society, and government, which is the system for exercising authority. It also contrasts different economic systems from laissez-faire to socialism and social democracy. Finally, it outlines different forms of government ranging from monarchy to different types of democracy.
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- 1. POL 140 Fall 2014
- 3. Politics: “Who gets what, when and how” Characteristics of Politics: Struggle for power Emphasis on decision-making Political scientists study power as it relates to the political community Political party, legislature, city, region, country
- 4. Power: Ability to influence others or impose will on them How To Know if You Have Power? Get someone to do something they would not do Prevent someone from doing something they would do Influence how people think ▪ Examples: Campaign Commercials
- 7. POLITICS Process or activity through which power and resources are gained and lost GOVERNMENT System or organization for exercising authority over a body of people
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- 10. Organizations where governmental power is exercised Constitution defines institutions of U.S. government Legislative, Executive, Judicial Branches Different arrangements in other countries: Parliament Ruler Council Goal: Prosperous political environment
- 12. POLITICS Concerned with distribution of power and resources in society ECONOMICS Concerned with production and distribution of goods
- 14. Means of production (land, labor, etc.) are privately owned Decisions about how much to produce, etc. are left to individuals ▪ Reliance on supply and demand Government interference is small
- 15. LAISSEZ-FAIRE “Let people do as they wish” Government has no economic role REGULATED Allows government to step in and regulate economy to safeguard individual rights
- 16. SOCIALISM Economic decisions made by politicians using their judgment on projected societal needs SOCIAL DEMOCRACY Middle ground between capitalism and socialism Equality through gradual democratization rather than Socialist revolution
- 18. State has ultimate power Various Forms: Monarchy—Rule by Individual Theocracy—Rule by God Fascist—Rule by State Totalitarian System ▪ Authoritarian Govt. and Socialist Economy
- 19. Anarchy Democracy Elite Democracy ▪ Government run by elites in various fields Pluralist Democracy ▪ Emphasis on group membership Participatory Democracy ▪ Individuals have right to participate in government