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POL 375
Spring 2020
ANDREW JACKSON RACHEL ROBARDS
Cleveland had
an affair with
Maria Crofts
Halpin,
fathering a
child with her.
Cleveland
would
later
marry
Frances
Fulsom—
27 years
his junior
Cleveland narrowly won all swing states—including NewYork—
through the “assistance” of a organization calledTammany Hall…
My Darling:
There are no words, at my command, sufficient to
say the full extent of my love for you — a mad,
tender, devoted, ardent, eager, passion-wild,
jealous reverent, wistful, hungry, happy love
Warren Harding and Carrie Phillips
Nan Britton with Elizabeth Ann, “The
President’s Daughter.” Britton would write a
tell-all book of the same name about her
“experiences” with Harding.
The Gennifer Flowers
press conference—where
she answered questions
about her alleged 12-year
affair with Bill Clintion.
Jones filed a $700,000 civil suit
against Clinton for sexual
harassment
Clinton v.
Jones (1997)
was an
important
Supreme
Court case
regarding
the extent of
presidential
power and
authority.
Clinton
eventually
settled with
Jones for
$850,000.
 Denial
 Evading Responsibility
 Reducing Offensiveness of Event
 Corrective Action
 Mortificiation
SIMPLE DENIAL
 Denies having done
anything wrong
 Example: Bill Clinton’s
statement, “I’m going to
say this again. I did not
have sexual relations with
that woman, Miss Lewinsky.
I never told anybody to lie—
not a single time. Never.
SHIFTTHE BLAME
 Attempts to lay
responsibility for
transgression on another
party
 Example: Hillary Clinton’ s
statement: “The attacks
against my husband are
part of a vicious ‘right-wing’
conspiracy.”
PROVOCATION
 Actions of another
goaded them into
offensive behavior
 Example: “The independent
Counsel dug into my past
first, which caused my
evasive statements.”
DEFEASIBILITY
 Indicate lack of
information or ability in a
situation; reduces
responsibility
 Example: “It all depends of
what the definition of ‘is’ is.
ACCIDENT
 The issue in question was
an accident and not done
purposefully
GOOD INTENTIONS
 Good intentions were the
motive behind the act
 Example: GeorgeW. Bush,
“Despite the loss in
American lives, the War in
Iraq removed Saddam
Hussein from power.”
BOLSTERING
 Reminding particular
audience of the accused
person’s many good
qualities that should make
current transgression less
offensive
 Example: Clinton noting
large-scale growth of private
sector jobs during his
administration.
MINIMIZATION
 Asking audience to
consider that offense is
minor in some way
 Example: A lot of people have
extramarital affairs—or at least think
about having them
DIFFERENTIATION
 Accused attempts to
define deed as somehow
different from what is has
been called (in media,
etc.)
 Example: Clinton differs on
what constitutes “sexual
relations.”
TRANSCENDENCE
 Accused tries to put
misdeed in a larger context
 Example: Sex scandal was not
with married woman, so it did
not have broader
repercussions
(i.e. hurting family)
 Example: Clinton, “I need to
go back to work for the
American people.”
ATTACK ACCUSER
 Attack accuser
 Example: Girl accusing
politician of sexual
misconduct “had it
coming.”
COMPENSATION
 Accuser promises
compensation for any
misdeeds that occurred
 Example: Paying off family
or troubled young woman
for emotional pan and
suffering as result of affair
 Involves taking actions to change one’s
conduct to prevent recurrence of incident
 Example:A politician with a drinking problem
enters Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
 Accused might decide to admit wrong-
doing and express regret, or engage in
mortification, over the issue in question
 Example: Politician asks constituents to
forgive them for action
 Denial
 “I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss
Lewinsky…”
 Bolstering (reminder of good qualities)
 “We’re doing our best to cooperate here. I will
cooperate.”
 Transcendence (putting misdeed in larger
context)
 “I got hired to help the rest of the American people.”
 Attack Accuser
 “Independent Counsel investigation moved on to my staff and friends,
then into my private life.”
 Transcendence (putting misdeed in larger context)
 “It is private, and I intend to reclaim my family life for my family.”
 Mortification (accused expresses wrong-doing, regret for
action)
 “Indeed, I did have a relationship with Miss Lewinsky that was not
appropriate. In fact, it was wrong.
 Good Intentions
 “I can only tell you I was motivated by many factors. I was also very
concerned about protecting my family.”
All traditional economic
measures, such as the
national unemployment
rate, were more positive in
1998 then when Clinton
assumed the presidency.
DOMESTIC POLICY
 DECREASE in number of
welfare recipients
 DECREASE in drug use and
violent crime
 DECREASE in abortion and
teen pregnancy rates
FOREIGN POLICY
 LOST USSR as political
enemy with ending of Cold
War
 NO major current ongoing
war
 Could move left or right depending on issue
 National Health Insurance; “Don’t Ask, Don’tTell”
 “Triangulation” strategy during 1996 Election
 “Era of big government is over” (1996 SOTU)
 Discussed “personal responsibility,” “hard
work,” and “playing by the rules”
Clinton was fond of saying, “I feel your pain”
and hugging pretty much everyone.
Bush looking perplexed
at the sight of a “new”
and “modern” grocery
store checkout.
INDEPENDENTCOUNSEL
KEN STARR
HOUSE SPEAKER
NEWT GINGRICH
Monica
Lewinsky
Linda
Tripp
Paula
Jones
Henry
Hyde
 Argument can be made that many individuals
have extramarital affairs—and might lie about
them
 Americans saw “The Lewinsky Matter” as
between Bill Clinton, Monica Lewinsky, and
Hillary Clinton
 Many prominent Republicans—including Hyde—
ended up admitting to their own “youthful
indiscretions.”
 For only the second time in the twentieth century,
the party controlling theWhite House actually
gained seats in House
 GOP Majority to 11 seats; Newt Gingrich resigned as
House Speaker
 GOP also failed to make gains in Senate elections
 Outcome of midterm election is reflection on
outcome of previous presidential election
 Idea of “presidential coattails”
 Midterm election is referendum on state of
economy and overall performance of
incumbent president
 If there is a salient issue that political parties
take different positions on, this can influence
midterm election outcome
Vice President Al Gore
claimed that Clinton’s
scandal deflated the
enthusiasm of the
Democratic Party, s0….
Clinton claimed that the
scandal made the Gore
campaign too cautious.
If Clinton would have
been allowed to campaign
more vigorously for Gore,
the eventual Florida
recount wouldn’t have
mattered.

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Clinton and Lewinsky

  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 7. Cleveland had an affair with Maria Crofts Halpin, fathering a child with her. Cleveland would later marry Frances Fulsom— 27 years his junior
  • 8. Cleveland narrowly won all swing states—including NewYork— through the “assistance” of a organization calledTammany Hall…
  • 9. My Darling: There are no words, at my command, sufficient to say the full extent of my love for you — a mad, tender, devoted, ardent, eager, passion-wild, jealous reverent, wistful, hungry, happy love Warren Harding and Carrie Phillips Nan Britton with Elizabeth Ann, “The President’s Daughter.” Britton would write a tell-all book of the same name about her “experiences” with Harding.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12. The Gennifer Flowers press conference—where she answered questions about her alleged 12-year affair with Bill Clintion.
  • 13.
  • 14. Jones filed a $700,000 civil suit against Clinton for sexual harassment Clinton v. Jones (1997) was an important Supreme Court case regarding the extent of presidential power and authority. Clinton eventually settled with Jones for $850,000.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.  Denial  Evading Responsibility  Reducing Offensiveness of Event  Corrective Action  Mortificiation
  • 20.
  • 21. SIMPLE DENIAL  Denies having done anything wrong  Example: Bill Clinton’s statement, “I’m going to say this again. I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky. I never told anybody to lie— not a single time. Never. SHIFTTHE BLAME  Attempts to lay responsibility for transgression on another party  Example: Hillary Clinton’ s statement: “The attacks against my husband are part of a vicious ‘right-wing’ conspiracy.”
  • 22.
  • 23. PROVOCATION  Actions of another goaded them into offensive behavior  Example: “The independent Counsel dug into my past first, which caused my evasive statements.” DEFEASIBILITY  Indicate lack of information or ability in a situation; reduces responsibility  Example: “It all depends of what the definition of ‘is’ is.
  • 24. ACCIDENT  The issue in question was an accident and not done purposefully GOOD INTENTIONS  Good intentions were the motive behind the act  Example: GeorgeW. Bush, “Despite the loss in American lives, the War in Iraq removed Saddam Hussein from power.”
  • 25.
  • 26. BOLSTERING  Reminding particular audience of the accused person’s many good qualities that should make current transgression less offensive  Example: Clinton noting large-scale growth of private sector jobs during his administration. MINIMIZATION  Asking audience to consider that offense is minor in some way  Example: A lot of people have extramarital affairs—or at least think about having them
  • 27. DIFFERENTIATION  Accused attempts to define deed as somehow different from what is has been called (in media, etc.)  Example: Clinton differs on what constitutes “sexual relations.” TRANSCENDENCE  Accused tries to put misdeed in a larger context  Example: Sex scandal was not with married woman, so it did not have broader repercussions (i.e. hurting family)  Example: Clinton, “I need to go back to work for the American people.”
  • 28. ATTACK ACCUSER  Attack accuser  Example: Girl accusing politician of sexual misconduct “had it coming.” COMPENSATION  Accuser promises compensation for any misdeeds that occurred  Example: Paying off family or troubled young woman for emotional pan and suffering as result of affair
  • 29.
  • 30.  Involves taking actions to change one’s conduct to prevent recurrence of incident  Example:A politician with a drinking problem enters Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
  • 31.
  • 32.  Accused might decide to admit wrong- doing and express regret, or engage in mortification, over the issue in question  Example: Politician asks constituents to forgive them for action
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.  Denial  “I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky…”  Bolstering (reminder of good qualities)  “We’re doing our best to cooperate here. I will cooperate.”  Transcendence (putting misdeed in larger context)  “I got hired to help the rest of the American people.”
  • 36.
  • 37.  Attack Accuser  “Independent Counsel investigation moved on to my staff and friends, then into my private life.”  Transcendence (putting misdeed in larger context)  “It is private, and I intend to reclaim my family life for my family.”  Mortification (accused expresses wrong-doing, regret for action)  “Indeed, I did have a relationship with Miss Lewinsky that was not appropriate. In fact, it was wrong.  Good Intentions  “I can only tell you I was motivated by many factors. I was also very concerned about protecting my family.”
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43. All traditional economic measures, such as the national unemployment rate, were more positive in 1998 then when Clinton assumed the presidency.
  • 44.
  • 45. DOMESTIC POLICY  DECREASE in number of welfare recipients  DECREASE in drug use and violent crime  DECREASE in abortion and teen pregnancy rates FOREIGN POLICY  LOST USSR as political enemy with ending of Cold War  NO major current ongoing war
  • 46.
  • 47.  Could move left or right depending on issue  National Health Insurance; “Don’t Ask, Don’tTell”  “Triangulation” strategy during 1996 Election  “Era of big government is over” (1996 SOTU)  Discussed “personal responsibility,” “hard work,” and “playing by the rules”
  • 48.
  • 49. Clinton was fond of saying, “I feel your pain” and hugging pretty much everyone.
  • 50. Bush looking perplexed at the sight of a “new” and “modern” grocery store checkout.
  • 51.
  • 53.
  • 54.
  • 56.
  • 57.
  • 58.  Argument can be made that many individuals have extramarital affairs—and might lie about them  Americans saw “The Lewinsky Matter” as between Bill Clinton, Monica Lewinsky, and Hillary Clinton  Many prominent Republicans—including Hyde— ended up admitting to their own “youthful indiscretions.”
  • 59.
  • 60.
  • 61.
  • 62.  For only the second time in the twentieth century, the party controlling theWhite House actually gained seats in House  GOP Majority to 11 seats; Newt Gingrich resigned as House Speaker  GOP also failed to make gains in Senate elections
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65.  Outcome of midterm election is reflection on outcome of previous presidential election  Idea of “presidential coattails”
  • 66.
  • 67.  Midterm election is referendum on state of economy and overall performance of incumbent president
  • 68.
  • 69.  If there is a salient issue that political parties take different positions on, this can influence midterm election outcome
  • 70.
  • 71.
  • 72.
  • 73. Vice President Al Gore claimed that Clinton’s scandal deflated the enthusiasm of the Democratic Party, s0…. Clinton claimed that the scandal made the Gore campaign too cautious. If Clinton would have been allowed to campaign more vigorously for Gore, the eventual Florida recount wouldn’t have mattered.