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PHYSICS
ELECTRIC POWER
Teacher: Telman Askeraliyev, MSc, Italy
POWER AND ENERGY IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
The resting human body uses
around 100 W of power—similar
to an incandescent light bulb.
A desktop computer + monitor
uses 150-200 W.
A laptop uses only 50 W.
POWER AND ENERGY IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
Recalling that power is the rate at which energy changes,
P = ΔE/Δt,
we can express the electric power as follows:
P = ΔE/Δt = (ΔQ)V/Δt
Knowing that the electric current is given by
I = (ΔQ)/Δt
allows us to write an expression for the electric power in terms of
the current and voltage.
POWER AND ENERGY IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
POWER AND ENERGY IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
Power:
Electrical power:
POWER AND ENERGY IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
Power is the rate at which
work is done or energy
transferred or transformed.
ELECTRIC POWER
Thus, the electric power used by a device is equal to the
current times the voltage. For example, a current of 1 amp
flowing across a potential difference of 1 V produces a
power of 1 W.
ELECTRIC POWER IN THE HOME
We all use electricity in our homes.
• Are our homes wired in series or in parallel?
• How do we make sure these circuits are safe?
• How are we billed for the electricity we use?
ELECTRIC COMPANIES SELL ENERGY
Your local power company charges
homeowners and companies in
kilowatt-hours (kWh).
• One kilowatt-hour is 1000 W of
power used continuously for
one hour of time.
• Kilowatt-hours are units
of energy, not power!
POWER DISSIPATION
This power represents the energy per unit time
delivered to, or consumed by, an electrical
component having a current I and a potential
difference V.
QUIZ 1
Use the definition of resistance R = V / I. together with the one we
just derived (P = VI) to derive the following formula:
P = I 2R
QUIZ 2
Use the definition of resistance R = V / I. together with the one we
just derived (P = VI) to derive the following formula:
P = V2/ R.
QUIZ 3
The graph shows the V-I
characteristics of a tungsten
filament lamp. What is its power consumption
at I = 0.5 mA and at I = 1.5 mA?
QUIZ 4
Two 40 Ω resistors are connected in parallel to a 60-V battery.
a) How much total current flows through the circuit?
a) What is the power output of this circuit?
QUIZ 4
Two 40 Ω resistors are connected in parallel to a 60-V battery.
a) How much total current flows through the circuit?
a) What is the power output of this circuit?
LESSON TAKEAWAYS!
THANK YOU!

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Physics electric power w11-l22

  • 1. PHYSICS ELECTRIC POWER Teacher: Telman Askeraliyev, MSc, Italy
  • 2. POWER AND ENERGY IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS The resting human body uses around 100 W of power—similar to an incandescent light bulb. A desktop computer + monitor uses 150-200 W. A laptop uses only 50 W.
  • 3. POWER AND ENERGY IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS Recalling that power is the rate at which energy changes, P = ΔE/Δt, we can express the electric power as follows: P = ΔE/Δt = (ΔQ)V/Δt Knowing that the electric current is given by I = (ΔQ)/Δt allows us to write an expression for the electric power in terms of the current and voltage.
  • 4. POWER AND ENERGY IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
  • 5. POWER AND ENERGY IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS Power: Electrical power:
  • 6. POWER AND ENERGY IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS Power is the rate at which work is done or energy transferred or transformed.
  • 7. ELECTRIC POWER Thus, the electric power used by a device is equal to the current times the voltage. For example, a current of 1 amp flowing across a potential difference of 1 V produces a power of 1 W.
  • 8. ELECTRIC POWER IN THE HOME We all use electricity in our homes. • Are our homes wired in series or in parallel? • How do we make sure these circuits are safe? • How are we billed for the electricity we use?
  • 9. ELECTRIC COMPANIES SELL ENERGY Your local power company charges homeowners and companies in kilowatt-hours (kWh). • One kilowatt-hour is 1000 W of power used continuously for one hour of time. • Kilowatt-hours are units of energy, not power!
  • 10. POWER DISSIPATION This power represents the energy per unit time delivered to, or consumed by, an electrical component having a current I and a potential difference V.
  • 11. QUIZ 1 Use the definition of resistance R = V / I. together with the one we just derived (P = VI) to derive the following formula: P = I 2R
  • 12. QUIZ 2 Use the definition of resistance R = V / I. together with the one we just derived (P = VI) to derive the following formula: P = V2/ R.
  • 13. QUIZ 3 The graph shows the V-I characteristics of a tungsten filament lamp. What is its power consumption at I = 0.5 mA and at I = 1.5 mA?
  • 14. QUIZ 4 Two 40 Ω resistors are connected in parallel to a 60-V battery. a) How much total current flows through the circuit? a) What is the power output of this circuit?
  • 15. QUIZ 4 Two 40 Ω resistors are connected in parallel to a 60-V battery. a) How much total current flows through the circuit? a) What is the power output of this circuit?