Martijn Steger and Katja Garvey presented "Piercing the Corporate Veil" at Friedrich Graf von Westphalen & Partner in Freiburg, Germany on June 23, 2015.
The presentation discussed the differences between a corporation and LLC, subsidiary management and discovery and document production obligations.
This is a nice presentation on Business low and tax. This a presentation for Universities students who are studying on Business communication or economics.
Debt Collection Harassment: What Consumers Should KnowLemberg Law
Are you being harassed by debt collectors? Did you know that the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) was enacted to protect you? Broadly speaking, the FDCPA law forbids debt collection agencies from harassing you, embarrassing you, threatening you, and misleading you. Learn more about the FDCPA, what is and isn’t covered, and common scenarios such as “Can a debt collector contact anyone else about my debt?,” “Can a collector keep contacting me if I don’t think I owe any money?,” and many others.
Lemberg Law is the top-rated law firm dedicated to fighting for the rights of hard-working people like you. Our experienced debt collection attorneys have helped bring consumer cases all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court. We level the playing field so you can win – and win big – even against giant corporations.
https://lemberglaw.com/jefferson-capital-systems-collections-complaints/
https://lemberglaw.com/fdcpa/debt-collection-harassment-lawyer-attorney/
When advising business clients about doing business in Canada, lawyers must turn their minds not only to the kinds of corporate vehicles which Canadian law permits but also the remedies permitted if disputes arise. In this paper, we highlight the range of remedies available in the common law jurisdictions of Canada to protect shareholders and others from abusive corporate action.
This is the fourth update revision of a paper which was first published on the internet in 2005. It has been widely read and has been well-received by clients and other lawyers. We believe that we have been repeatedly quoted by other lawyers. Our paper was used in global corporate law texts in Asia and was including in required reading for a business valuators program in Canada.
This paper begins by discussing the various sources of shareholder rights, including corporate statutes, articles of incorporation and by-laws, and shareholder agreements. Although securities laws will also be briefly mentioned, the securities regime is exceedingly complex and it is beyond the scope of this paper to address it in detail. We then discuss the remedies provided by corporate statute to shareholders who are aggrieved by the manner in which management conducts the business and affairs of the corporation, including voting, court-ordered meetings, derivative actions, the oppression remedy, investigations, appraisals and court-ordered winding-up on the “just and equitable principle”.
The oppression remedy, widely acknowledged to be the most powerful weapon in the shareholder's arsenal of remedies, focusses on two particular points: the broad definition of "complainant" under corporate statutes, and the manner in which the courts have defined the reasonable and legitimate expectations of shareholders and other "proper persons" under the oppression remedy.
The authors are members of ELLYN LAW LLP Canadian Business Litigation & Arbitration Lawyers, a Toronto law firm, specializing in dispute resolution for small and medium businesses and their shareholders. The firm is a member of the International Network of Boutique Law Firms (www.inblf.com), a prestige network of specialized law firms who have demonstrated pre-eminence their practice fields. Ellyn Law LLP is INBLF’s designated Toronto firm for shareholder disputes and arbitration. Igor Ellyn, QC is the Chair of INBLF's Business Litigation & Arbitration Practice Group.
In the seven years since this paper was first published, ELLYN LAW LLP has acted on dozens of complex shareholder disputes. Despite our long experience in this area, each case brings its shares of new twists and surprises. In each revision of this paper, we have added the benefits of our added experiences.
Martijn Steger and Katja Garvey presented "Piercing the Corporate Veil" at Friedrich Graf von Westphalen & Partner in Freiburg, Germany on June 23, 2015.
The presentation discussed the differences between a corporation and LLC, subsidiary management and discovery and document production obligations.
This is a nice presentation on Business low and tax. This a presentation for Universities students who are studying on Business communication or economics.
Debt Collection Harassment: What Consumers Should KnowLemberg Law
Are you being harassed by debt collectors? Did you know that the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) was enacted to protect you? Broadly speaking, the FDCPA law forbids debt collection agencies from harassing you, embarrassing you, threatening you, and misleading you. Learn more about the FDCPA, what is and isn’t covered, and common scenarios such as “Can a debt collector contact anyone else about my debt?,” “Can a collector keep contacting me if I don’t think I owe any money?,” and many others.
Lemberg Law is the top-rated law firm dedicated to fighting for the rights of hard-working people like you. Our experienced debt collection attorneys have helped bring consumer cases all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court. We level the playing field so you can win – and win big – even against giant corporations.
https://lemberglaw.com/jefferson-capital-systems-collections-complaints/
https://lemberglaw.com/fdcpa/debt-collection-harassment-lawyer-attorney/
When advising business clients about doing business in Canada, lawyers must turn their minds not only to the kinds of corporate vehicles which Canadian law permits but also the remedies permitted if disputes arise. In this paper, we highlight the range of remedies available in the common law jurisdictions of Canada to protect shareholders and others from abusive corporate action.
This is the fourth update revision of a paper which was first published on the internet in 2005. It has been widely read and has been well-received by clients and other lawyers. We believe that we have been repeatedly quoted by other lawyers. Our paper was used in global corporate law texts in Asia and was including in required reading for a business valuators program in Canada.
This paper begins by discussing the various sources of shareholder rights, including corporate statutes, articles of incorporation and by-laws, and shareholder agreements. Although securities laws will also be briefly mentioned, the securities regime is exceedingly complex and it is beyond the scope of this paper to address it in detail. We then discuss the remedies provided by corporate statute to shareholders who are aggrieved by the manner in which management conducts the business and affairs of the corporation, including voting, court-ordered meetings, derivative actions, the oppression remedy, investigations, appraisals and court-ordered winding-up on the “just and equitable principle”.
The oppression remedy, widely acknowledged to be the most powerful weapon in the shareholder's arsenal of remedies, focusses on two particular points: the broad definition of "complainant" under corporate statutes, and the manner in which the courts have defined the reasonable and legitimate expectations of shareholders and other "proper persons" under the oppression remedy.
The authors are members of ELLYN LAW LLP Canadian Business Litigation & Arbitration Lawyers, a Toronto law firm, specializing in dispute resolution for small and medium businesses and their shareholders. The firm is a member of the International Network of Boutique Law Firms (www.inblf.com), a prestige network of specialized law firms who have demonstrated pre-eminence their practice fields. Ellyn Law LLP is INBLF’s designated Toronto firm for shareholder disputes and arbitration. Igor Ellyn, QC is the Chair of INBLF's Business Litigation & Arbitration Practice Group.
In the seven years since this paper was first published, ELLYN LAW LLP has acted on dozens of complex shareholder disputes. Despite our long experience in this area, each case brings its shares of new twists and surprises. In each revision of this paper, we have added the benefits of our added experiences.
Ehsan Kabir Solicitor is telling about, how to make a will in the United Kingdom? Ehsan Kabir works effortlessly and tirelessly around the clock to anyone with a legal inquiry.
An overview of Mercantile Law in PakistanAyesha Majid
This overview of business laws of Pakistan is a very brief description of common forms of businesses adopted by private and public sector investors in Pakistan. An attempt has also been made to outline general requirements and regulatory regimes for each of these forms of businesses in Pakistan.
As well as assisting individual clients, Ehsan Kabir regularly liaises and consults businesses by providing consultancy, assistance, and advisory services. Contact Ehsan Kabir today regarding any legal concerns you are facing. Ehsan Kabir works effortlessly and tirelessly around the clock to anyone with a legal inquiry. To maintain the high standards of client care Mr. Kabir provides out of hours services as well as Skype consultations and meetings with clients who may be based abroad.
Introduction and Overview of the Justice SystemCorporate ExiTatianaMajor22
Introduction and Overview of the Justice System
Corporate Existence and Liability
Fraud and Internal Controls
Week #1 Part #1
1
2
Federal Court Jurisdiction: Limited Jurisdiction
The term jurisdiction means the power to adjudicate. As the framers wrote the Constitution, some feared that the federal courts might threaten the independence of the states and the people. To combat this fear the framers set up a federal court system that can only hear cases in special circumstances. This is called courts of limited jurisdiction. Since the federal courts can only hear certain kinds of cases, most of the day-to-day cases that courts deal with happen in state courts.
Basically, federal courts hear only 2 types of cases; those that raise a federal question and those involving lawsuits between citizens of different states known as diversity of jurisdiction.
Also, all criminal tax cases are federal question jurisdiction arising under Title 18 or Title 26 of the U.S. Code. So, all criminal federal tax cases are filed in the federal district court.
Additional some civil tax cases are heard in the federal courts as well.
State Court Jurisdiction: General Jurisdiction
General Jurisdiction
The Tenth Amendment provides that “powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”
The ultimate effect these provisions have upon state courts is to reserve to them the right to hear and decide any legal matter not expressly reserved for the exclusive jurisdiction of federal courts (such as lawsuits between states).
Thus, state courts are courts of general jurisdiction. They hear all the cases not specifically selected for federal courts. Just as the federal courts interpret federal laws, state courts interpret state laws. Each state gets to make and interpret its own laws. This helps the states retain power, and makes sure that the national government does not become too strong.
The Tax Court: An Inferior Court
The United States Tax Court is a federal trial court of record established by Congress under Article I of the U.S. Constitution, section 8 of which provides (in part) that the Congress has the power to "constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court".
When the taxpayer is called for an audit, the taxpayer has two choices: agree with the IRS or disagree.
If the taxpayer agrees, the case is over. If the taxpayer disagrees, the IRS sends the taxpayer a "notice of deficiency" (also called a 90-day Letter), stating the adjustments that the Service wants to make to the tax return. The taxpayer then has 90 days to file a petition with the Tax Court. If not filed within 90 days, the taxpayer has agreed with the IRS.
By going to the Tax Court, the taxpayer is suing the IRS in court.
The Tax Court consists of 19 judges who travel the circuit to all 50 states. Tax Court cases do not get tried before a jury. In a regular Tax Court case, i ...
An Overview of Corporate law in PakistanAyesha Majid
In context of this article, law is a system of rules that lays down standards to which we ought to conform originated from legal rule, moral rule and social convention. It is a system recognised by a particular country or community for regulating the actions of its members which are enforced by the imposition of penalties. Law is a fundamental business discipline. Its study allows to develop a wider perspective on both the business and regulatory landscape and specialised expertise that will not only enrich our business career but will also lay the foundations for successful comprehension of the business environment.
Navigating the world of forex trading can be challenging, especially for beginners. To help you make an informed decision, we have comprehensively compared the best forex brokers in India for 2024. This article, reviewed by Top Forex Brokers Review, will cover featured award winners, the best forex brokers, featured offers, the best copy trading platforms, the best forex brokers for beginners, the best MetaTrader brokers, and recently updated reviews. We will focus on FP Markets, Black Bull, EightCap, IC Markets, and Octa.
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdfthesiliconleaders
In the recent edition, The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024, The Silicon Leaders magazine gladly features Dejan Štancer, President of the Global Chamber of Business Leaders (GCBL), along with other leaders.
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As a business owner, I understand the importance of having a strong online presence and leveraging various digital platforms to reach and engage with your target audience. One often overlooked yet highly valuable asset in this regard is the humble Yahoo account. While many may perceive Yahoo as a relic of the past, the truth is that these accounts still hold immense potential for businesses of all sizes.
Tata Group Dials Taiwan for Its Chipmaking Ambition in Gujarat’s DholeraAvirahi City Dholera
The Tata Group, a titan of Indian industry, is making waves with its advanced talks with Taiwanese chipmakers Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) and UMC Group. The goal? Establishing a cutting-edge semiconductor fabrication unit (fab) in Dholera, Gujarat. This isn’t just any project; it’s a potential game changer for India’s chipmaking aspirations and a boon for investors seeking promising residential projects in dholera sir.
Visit : https://www.avirahi.com/blog/tata-group-dials-taiwan-for-its-chipmaking-ambition-in-gujarats-dholera/
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media MasterclassLuanWise
In this masterclass, presented at the Global HR Summit on 5th June 2024, Luan Wise explored the essential features of social media platforms that support talent acquisition, including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok.
Understanding User Needs and Satisfying ThemAggregage
https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26903918/understanding-user-needs-and-satisfying-them
We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
In this webinar, we won't focus on the research methods for discovering user-needs. We will focus on synthesis of the needs we discover, communication and alignment tools, and how we operationalize addressing those needs.
Industry expert Scott Sehlhorst will:
• Introduce a taxonomy for user goals with real world examples
• Present the Onion Diagram, a tool for contextualizing task-level goals
• Illustrate how customer journey maps capture activity-level and task-level goals
• Demonstrate the best approach to selection and prioritization of user-goals to address
• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challengesHolger Mueller
Holger Mueller of Constellation Research shares his key takeaways from SAP's Sapphire confernece, held in Orlando, June 3rd till 5th 2024, in the Orange Convention Center.
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
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Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern Businesses
Legal Environment
1. THE LEGAL
ENVIRONMENT
Chad Penny, Kimberly Schaub. Courtney Spall,
Kaya Comrie
2. COMMON LAW
Body of law that comes from decisions handed down by Judiciary
part of our government through court system
Also known as unwritten law
Uses what is called Precedents, which are decisions decided in
previous cases
Created by decisions made in trial courts, appellate courts, and
special courts
Lower courts must abide by precedents made by higher courts
3. STATUTORY LAW
Actual written law that is made up of Federal and State
constitutions, legislative enactments, treaties of the Federal
Government and Ordinances
Although written where anyone can read, it’s usually determined
by courts systems.
Law created by legislatures
4. ADMINISTRATIVE
AGENCIES
Federal or State institutions and other government organizations
created by Congress or state legislators with delegated power to create
rules and regulations within their given area of authority
Legislative bodies can create administrative agencies, as well as
terminate them
Agencies can pass rules and regulations within it’s area of authority,
conduct investigations in rule violations, as well as hold hearings
Important agencies include the Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC), Federal Reserve Board, as well as the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission
5. ANTITRUST
LEGISLATION
Was created in 1890 by Congress.
Sherman Antitrust Act was passed to alleviate any chance of large
companies becoming so big that smaller companies would be
crushed
Forbids: Contracts, combinations, or conspiracies in restraint of
trade, as well as the creation of Monopolies
Other laws enacted: Clayton Act of 1914. Federal Trade
Commission Act of 1914, Robinson-Patman Act of 1936
7. TORT LAW
Any wrong doing against another person, property, or reputation
Often non-criminal in nature I.E. Tobacco lawsuits
Examples of Torts:
Negligence
Product Liability
Strict Product Liability
8. DEREGULATION
Government withdrawal of certain laws and regulations that seem
to hinder competition
Example: Airline Industry
Banking Industry downfall of Deregulation
Government takeover of Fannie May and Freddy Mac/Bailout of
AIG
9. COPYRIGHTS
Protects a creator's rights to materials such as books, articles,
photos, paintings and cartoons.
Filed in Library of Congress and lasts lifetime + seventy years
Can be passed to heir
JK Rowling lawsuit
10. TRADEMARKS
Legally protected name, symbol, or design that identifies the
goods or services of one seller and distinguishes them from those
of competitors.
Belongs to owner forever as long as it’s properly registered and
renewed every ten years
Protected against infringement
Some well known trademarks include: AFLAC duck, Mickey
Mouse, McDonald’s arches, Nike swoosh
11. BANKRUPTCY
The legal process by which a person, business, or gov't entity
unable to meet financial obligations is relieved of these
obligations by a court that divides any assets among creditors,
allowing creditors to get at least part of their money and freeing
the debtor to begin anew.
The US Constitution gives congress the power to establish
bankruptcy laws, and legislation has existed since the 1890's.
12. BANKRUPTCY CON’T
Different types of bankruptcy:
Chapter 7: Straight bankruptcy in which all assets are divided
among creditors after exemptions
Chapter 11: Allows a firm to reorganize and continue operation
after paying only a limited portion of it’s debts. EX: AA
Chapter 13: Allows individuals to pay their creditors over an
extended period of time
14. CONTRACT LAW
Contract: Legally enforceable agreement between two or more
parties
Contract Law: Specifies what constitutes a legally enforceable
agreement
Consideration: Something of value someone is willing to give up
in order to enter into contract with someone else
15. CONTRACT LAW
CON’T
What makes a contract binding?
1. Oral or written offer is made
2. Mutual acceptance/agreement of offer and cannot be forced
upon
3. Both parties give consideration/collaboration. Both parties
must hold up their end of contract
4. Both parties sober and conscience of details of contract
5. Must be legal and not contain any stolen goods
6. Contract is in proper form
16. BREACH OF
CONTRACT
Happens when one party fails to uphold their end of contract
Damages: Agreed settlement awarded by the court to person
affected by breach of contract
If breech happens, the following can occur:
1. Specific Performance
2. Payment of Damages
3. Discharge of Obligation
17. LAWS TO PROTECT
CONSUMERS
Consumerism: A social movement that seeks to increase and
strengthen the rights and powers of buyers in relation to the
sellers
Fair Packaging and Labeling Act of 1966: Makes deceptive
packaging or labeling of a package illegal
Child Protection Act of 1966: Removes unsafe toys and allows
the FDA to pull dangerous products from the market
18. TAX LAWS
Taxes: How all forms of government raises money
Governments have used taxes primarily as a source of funding
for their operations and programs
Sin Tax: Used to raise prices on certain items
Tax Credits: An amount firms can deduct from their tax bills
19. TAX LAWS CON’T
Income Tax: Income received by businesses and individuals
Property Taxes: Paid on real and personal property
Sales Taxes: Paid on merchandise sold at retail level
Excise Tax: Paid on Select handful of items
20. PATENTS
A document that gives inventors exclusive rights to their
inventions for twenty years
Approval two to four years
USPTO
Selling and license use of patents
International companies
22. UCC
Uniform Commercial Code
Laws that cover any and all sales transactions
Adopted by all fifty states
Has eleven articles which contain laws covering sales
23. WARRANTIES
Article two of the UCC
Four Types:
Warranty- guarantees that the product sold will be acceptable
for the purpose for which the buyer intends to use it.
Express warranties- are specific representations by the seller
that buyers rely on regarding the goods they purchase
24. WARRANTIES CON’T
Implied warranties- are legally imposed on the seller, who implies
that a product will conform to the customary standards of the
trade or industry in which it competes.
Full/limited warranty-full warranty requires a seller to replace or
repair a whereas a limited warranty typically limits the defects or
mechanical problems the seller cover.
25. NEGOTIABLE
INSTRUMENTS
Negotiable instruments- forms of commercial paper (such as checks)
that are transferable among business and individuals; they represent a
promise to pay a specified amount.
Article 3 of the UCC requires negotiable instruments to follow four
conditions
-they must be written and signed by the maker or drawer
-they must be made payable on demand or at a certain time
-they must be payable to the bearer or to specific order
-they must contain an unconditional promise to pay a specified amount
of money.
