The Persian garden originated over 4000 years ago as an answer to the arid climate, using high walls, trees, and fountains to create a paradise. Inspired by ancient myths of paradise, Persian gardens symbolized nature, deities, and eternal life. Following Zoroastrian elements of earth, sky, water and plants, the gardens were meant as peaceful, spiritual places and a harmonious microcosm representing Eden. This tradition spread through the Persian empire and influenced art, architecture, carpets, and miniature paintings. Notable examples include Cyrus the Great's 6th century BC palatial gardens at Pasargadae that set the symmetrical four-part design standard.

1. Persian Garden
History and Psychology

2. ORIGIN
• Origin : 4000 years ago BC
• Also called : Iranian garden, Paradise
on earth, Sustainable garden.
• Persian Garden Style evolved after
the Egyptian Style of gardening.
• The Persian garden was an answer to
the aridity of the local climate where
the high walled garden and the shady
trees with its air cooled by streams
and fountains, was a simple recipe for
paradise.
• The dream of a perfect place is very
ancient and appears in the Epic of
Gilgamesh.
• Water symbolized life, Plants and
trees symbolized deities and the
symbol of eternal life.
Persian Lovers under tree - miniature
painting

3. Belief
• Nature has been a source of wonder and meditation for
the Iranians for centuries – which is reflected in the
Persian garden. Where the creative forces of nature
and human met with each other.
• Persian garden is men's aspiration to create another
heaven on earth . A place for peace harmony and
tranquility and balance.
• Serving as the symbol of hope and unity.
• The garden's purpose was, and is, to provide a place
for protected relaxation in a variety of manners:
spiritual, and leisurely.
• The Persian Garden materializes the concept of Eden
and the four Zoroastrian elements : earth, heavens,
water, and plants or Paradise on Earth. A completely
harmonious world in itself and Paradise on earth.
• which mean a beautiful garden enclosed behind walls.
• The Chahar Bagh is a reflection of the mythical
perception of nature, and the cosmic order in the eyes
of the ancient Iranian peoples. Persian Miniature Painting

4. Achievements & Inspiration
• Over half of Iran is desert and there is an
ancient tradition of making gardens which
provide relief from the extremes of the
climate – summer heat and winter cold.
• An ability to survive in extreme climatic
condition is an result of artistic blend of
knowledge, technology, engineering,
architecture and agriculture.
• An artistic achievement that displays Iran
art, philosophy, culture, architecture and
religion.
• The principal source of inspiration for the
Persian carpet, textile design, music,
architectural ornament, miniature painting,
literature and calligraphy.
• The Persians made three types of garden,
as did the Egyptians:
– palace gardens
– tomb gardens
– domestic pleasure gardens
Emperor Babur's Garden From
Baburnama

5. Cyrus – The Great Garden
• Cyrus the Great's Palatial
complex, in Pasargadae 6th
century BC.
• The Facade has pavilions,
channels, orchids, pools, and
terraces, and also a
sophisticated irrigation system.
That were laid out
symmetrically in a four part
system .
• Every element is there to
create a sense of value and
philosophy
• There are surviving examples
of this garden type at Yazd
(Dowlatabad) and at Kashan
(Fin Garden).
Alexander at the tomb of Cyrus the great
Paradise of Cyrus, 6th c. BCE

6. Spread Of Persian Garden
• The Mongols then carried a Persian garden tradition to other parts
of their empire (notably India).
• Babur introduced the Persian garden to India i.e. Aram Bagh at Taj
Mahal in Agra.
• Hanging Gardens of Babylon were built based on the Median.
Taj Mahal's Chahar Bagh in a painting at the
Smithsonian
Hanging Gardens of Babylon. An artist's impression