This document discusses permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motors. It provides details on their construction, operation, advantages over conventional DC motors, and applications. Key points include:
- PMBLDC motors have a permanent magnet rotor and electronic commutation instead of brushes and commutator, making them more efficient and reliable than conventional DC motors.
- The rotor position is detected by sensors like Hall sensors or optical sensors and fed to an electronic circuit that controls the timing of voltage applied to the motor windings.
- Advantages over conventional DC motors include lower maintenance, higher speed control, and regenerative braking capability. PMBLDC motors find use in automotive, industrial, consumer
This predefined speed control of BLDC motor runs a motor at user desired speed by using EEPROM for storing speed. It is an effective speed control method.
Speed control of Three phase Induction motor using AC voltage regulatorShivagee Raj
The role of AC Voltage Regulator in speed control of three phase Induction Motor is to vary the supply voltage which in turn, changes the speed of motor .
A reluctance motor is a type of electric motor that induces non-permanent magnetic poles on the ferromagnetic rotor. The rotor does not have any windings. It generates torque through magnetic reluctance.
Reluctance motor sub types include synchronous, variable, switched and variable stepping.
Reluctance motors can deliver high power density at low cost, making them attractive for many applications. Disadvantages include high torque ripple (the difference between maximum and minimum torque during one revolution) when operated at low speed, and noise due to torque ripple.
This predefined speed control of BLDC motor runs a motor at user desired speed by using EEPROM for storing speed. It is an effective speed control method.
Speed control of Three phase Induction motor using AC voltage regulatorShivagee Raj
The role of AC Voltage Regulator in speed control of three phase Induction Motor is to vary the supply voltage which in turn, changes the speed of motor .
A reluctance motor is a type of electric motor that induces non-permanent magnetic poles on the ferromagnetic rotor. The rotor does not have any windings. It generates torque through magnetic reluctance.
Reluctance motor sub types include synchronous, variable, switched and variable stepping.
Reluctance motors can deliver high power density at low cost, making them attractive for many applications. Disadvantages include high torque ripple (the difference between maximum and minimum torque during one revolution) when operated at low speed, and noise due to torque ripple.
An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature. Occasionally, a linear alternator or a rotating armature with a stationary magnetic field is used. In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines. An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is called a magneto. Alternators in power stations driven by steam turbines are called turbo-alternators. Large 50 or 60 Hz three phase alternators in power plants generate most of the world's electric power, which is distributed by electric power grids.
ITS A PPT ON BRUSHLESS DIRECT CURRENT MOTOR GIVING YOU A GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE WOKING OF THE BLDC MOTOR AND COMPARISON WITH CONVENTIONAL DC MOTORS
An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature. Occasionally, a linear alternator or a rotating armature with a stationary magnetic field is used. In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines. An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is called a magneto. Alternators in power stations driven by steam turbines are called turbo-alternators. Large 50 or 60 Hz three phase alternators in power plants generate most of the world's electric power, which is distributed by electric power grids.
ITS A PPT ON BRUSHLESS DIRECT CURRENT MOTOR GIVING YOU A GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE WOKING OF THE BLDC MOTOR AND COMPARISON WITH CONVENTIONAL DC MOTORS
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
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Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
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COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
2. PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS
DC MOTORS
• It is a brushless dc motor.
• It has a PM rotor type.
• Why we are choosing PMBLDC Motor…..
• Comparison between conventional dc motor
& PMBLDC Motor.
2
3. FEATURES CONVENTIONAL DC
MOTOR
PMBLDC MOTOR
Maintenance High low
Commutation method Mechanical contact
between brushes &
commutator.
Electronic switching using
power semiconductor
devices ie,
transistor,MOSFET
Detecting method Automatically detected by
brushes
Rotor position can be
detected by using sensor
ie, Hall sensor, optical
sensor
controllable Speed controllable is
difficult
Speed can be easily
controllable, so that it is
possible to have very high
speed
6. Construction of PMBLDC motor
• It consist of two parts mainly stator & rotor.
• Stator is made up of silicon steel stampings
with slots.
• The slots are accomodated armature
windings.
• This winding is wound with specified no.of
poles.(even number).
• This winding connected a dc supply through a
power electronic switching circuits.
7. • Rotor accomodates PM.
• The rotor shaft carries a rotor position sensor.
• Sensor provides information about the
position of the shaft.
• This shaft position signal send to electronic
commutator.
8. advantages
• There is no mechanical commutator, so that
size become very small.
• Speed can be easily controlled.
• Regenerative braking is possible.
10. Commutation in DC motors
(1) Mechanical commutator.
(2) Electronic commutator.
• Construction of Mechanical commutator
• Commutator is made up of specially designed
commutator segments,made of copper.
• These segments are insulated from each
other by a thin layer of mica.
• It forms a cylindrical shape.
12. • It consist of 2 pole machine with 12
commutator segments.
• Carbon brush A contacts with CS 1 and brush
B contacts with CS 7.
• When a dc supply is connected across A & B,
a dc current passes through A-CS1-tapping1-
tapping 7-CS 7 and through B.
• The current has 2 parallel path in the
armature winding.
• Parallel path 1= 1-2-3-4-5-6-7
• Parallel path 2=1-12-11-10-9-8-7
13. • The current crossing through the armature
conductor setup an mmf along the axis A and B
• The commutator rotates along the clockwise
direction, now the brush A makes contact with
CS2 and brush B with CS 8.
• Now there are two parallel path 1 is 2-8 &
parallel path 2 is 2-1-12-11-10-9-8.
• Function of commutator and bush arrangement is
to setup an armature mmf whose axis is always in
quadrature with the main field mmf irrespective
of the speed of rotation of the motor.
16. Step 1: S1 & S1’ are closed.other switches are
open
• current has 2 parallel path in armature winding.
• Parallel path 1 =1-2-3-4-5-6-7
• Parallel path 2 =1-12-11-10-9-8-7
• These current setup in the armature mmf.
Step 2: S1 & S1’ are opened,S2 & S2’ are closed
• Now the current passes through tapping 2-8.
• Thus operating switches in the sequential
manner, we are getting a revolving magnetic
field.
17. • For normal electronic commutator , 6 switching
devices are employed.
• Here the windings may be connected either star
or delta connection.
• Therefore the winding should have 3 tappings.
• Figure draw ..
18. Comparison between mechanical and
electronic commutator
Mechanical commutator Electronic commutator
Commutator is made up of commutator
segments and mica insulation. brushes
are made up of carbon.
Power electronics switching devices are
used in the commutator.
Shaft position sensing is inherent in the
arrangements.
It requires a separate rotor position
sensor.
Commutator arrangement is located in
the rotor
Commutator arrangement is located in
the stator.
Sliding contact between commutator and
brushes.
No sliding contacts.
19. Sparking takes place. There is no sparking.
It requires a regular maintenance. It requires less maintenance.
Number of commutator segments are
very high.
Number of switching devices is limited to
6.
Difficult to control the voltage available
across tapping
Voltage available across armature
tappings can be controlled by PWM
techniques.
Highly reliable Reliability depends on the switching
devices.
20. OPERATION OF PMBLDC MOTOR
• When dc supply is given to the motor,the
armature winding draws a current.
• The current distribution with in the stator
armature winding depends upon the rotor
position.
• The mmf perpendicular to the permanent
magnet field is setup.
• Then the armature conductor experience a
force.
• The force develops a torque in the rotor.
21. • If this torque is more than the opposing
frictional and load torque, the motor starts.
• It is self starting motor.