The characteristics of a single phase induction motor are identical to three phase induction motor except that single phase induction motor has no inherent starting torque and some special arrangement have to be made for making itself starting.
Though single phase induction motor is not self-starting, we are using it because the three phase supply is not present at everywhere.
The voltage variation as well as power control of inductive load is essential in industrial sector.
The load may any motor or any inductive load.
We can use thyristor to this job but it is easier using TRIAC.
The characteristics of a single phase induction motor are identical to three phase induction motor except that single phase induction motor has no inherent starting torque and some special arrangement have to be made for making itself starting.
Though single phase induction motor is not self-starting, we are using it because the three phase supply is not present at everywhere.
The voltage variation as well as power control of inductive load is essential in industrial sector.
The load may any motor or any inductive load.
We can use thyristor to this job but it is easier using TRIAC.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)
Project_1
1. PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
-It is an electronically
commutated motor powered by
DC Supply
-This DC supply is used by the
means of switching power supply
to drive each phase of the motor
by a closed loop controller.
- The controller provides pulses
of current to the motor winding .
-These pulses further control the
speed and the torque of the
motor.
2. PARAMETER MECHANICAL COMMUTATOR ELECTRONIC COMMUTATOR
Type of
Commutation
Brushed commutation because
of the mechanical contact
between the brush and the
commutator
Electronic Commutation using
the power semiconductor
devices like the
MOSFET,transistor etc
Position of
Commutator
Commutator are arranged on
the rotor
Commutator are arranged on
the stator
Speed Range Low High
Maintenance High Low
Control Difficult to control Easy to control
Life Shorter Life Longer Life
4. Operating Principle/Operation:
● Self-start motors don’t require any external force for starting.
● As power is supplied the armature winding draws current and flux is produced by the permanent magnets.
● The armature conductors experience a force by the Fleming’s left hand rule.
● This force being reactive in nature develops a torque for rotor rotation.
● If the produced torque is greater than the opposing frictional and load-torque,then the motor starts to
rotate.
5. ● As the speed increases there exists a relative angular velocity between the
permanent field and the armature conductors.
● This relative speed produces as emf in the armature conductors.
● Due to the lenz's law this back emf opposes its cause,that leads to the
reduction in the armature current and the developed torque.
● The rotator attains the steady state speed when the developed torque gets
exactly equal to the opposing frictional and load torque.
● On increase in the load torque, the rotor speed starts decreasing and back emf
generated in the armature winding also starts decreasing.
● And since,the supply voltage remains constant the supply is increased
● The increase in the armature current increase the torque in the motor
● Motor attains a new equilibrium position when the motor torque is equal to
the new load torque.
6. Classification of PMBLDC Motors:
One-phase
One-Pulse
One-Phase
two-pulse
Two-phase
two-pulse
Three-phase
three-pulse
Three-phase
six-pulse
1)This uses only one
semiconductor switch
2)Has only one armature
winding
3)Rotor position sensor gets
turned on and off on being
influenced by the N and S pole
respectively
4)Torque is only developed for
half cycle
1)Has one armature winding
2)Two-static switches used
3)It requires a 3-phase DC
supply
4)Requires a position sensor,
two switching position sensor
and 2 switching devices S1
and S2.
5)S1 is tuned on and off on
the influence of the N and S
pole and the reverse
happens in the case of S2
1)It has 2 armature windings
each displaced by 180.
2)Two semiconductor
switches are used.
3)It requires 2 independent
Phase windings
1)It has 3-phase windings
displaced by an angle of 120
electrical apart.
2)It has 3 switching devices.
3)3 position sensors are
required.
1)It has three-phase
windings.
2)It requires 6
semiconductor switches.
ADVANATGES:
1)The utilization of switch and
winding is 50%
2)Inertia is such that the rotor
rotates contionously
ADVANTAGES
1)Winding Utilization is better
2)A more uniform torque is
devloped
ADVANTAGE:
It produces a better torque
waveform
Multi-phase
Multipuse
1)It has embedded
permanent magnet rotor
2)The stationary armature
has parallel and
independent phase
windindgs
8. PMBL 120 Degrees Square-wave commutated DC-Motor:
● Three-phase bridge inverter composed of six-switching
devices is used.
● High-side device turned on in one phase and low-side
device is in another phase.
● Both high & Low side devices are turned off in the
remaining phase.
● This commutation technique always conducts electric
current through 2 windings at any one-time
● The phase voltage remaining to a motor’s neutral point
always becomes Vdc/2.
9. PMBL 180 degrees Square-Wave Commutated DC-Motor:
● 3-phase bridge inverters composed of six-switching devices is used.
● At once, only either the upper side or the lower side of the same arm
are turned on.
● Value of the phase voltage here is Vdc/3 or 2Vdc/3.
● Current here flows from the positive to the negative end of the DC bus.
● It produces a current ,4/3 times and torque 35% greater than
commutation in 120 degrees ,if operated on the same voltage.
10. MICROCONTROLLER BASED PMBLDC MOTOR:
● BLDC motor supplied with a power converter having 6
static devices
● Tachometer mounted on shaft to obtain the speed feedback
signal
● Hall-sensors used to provide position signal
● Stator current identified by Current sensor
● Amplitude identified by Optically Isolated Amplifier
● Output signals are multiplexed and converted into digital
form by ADC.
● During normal operation,Input-output terminals sent to
command and the line current,rotor position and speed are
sensed and fed to the CPU.
FUNCTIONS OF A MICROPROCESSOR:
● Receives current signal,position
signal,speed signal and current
references
● Processes the input signals and gives
the appropriate triggering signals to the
switches.
● After the Process, Issues control to
base/gate drive circuit where the signals
are amplified.
13. APPLICATIONS OF PMBLDC MOTORS
Computer Hard Drive, DVD/CD Player
ELECTRIC VEHICLES INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS WASHING MACHINE COMPRESSORS/DRYERS
FANS/PUMPS/BLOWERS