The ductus arteriosus is a blood vessel that normally closes within 5-7 days after birth. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occurs when the ductus arteriosus fails to close, allowing blood to continue flowing from the pulmonary artery to the aorta. Symptoms of a PDA include tachycardia, respiratory problems, dyspnea, poor growth, and cyanosis. Diagnosis involves cardiac examination, ECG, chest x-ray, and echocardiogram. Treatment options include medical management with indomethacin or surgery to close the ductus arteriosus if medical management is unsuccessful.

2. PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS(PDA)
 Ductus arteriosus is connecting between pulmonary artery with
descending artery.
 Permanent closure occur within 5-7 days .
 If the closure of ductus arteriosus does not occur even by 2-3 weeks
of age it is known as patent ductus arteriosus.

4. PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS(PDA)

5. CLINICAL FEATURE
• Tachycardia
• Respiratory problems
• Dyspnea
• Poor growth
• Increased cardiac output
• Cyanosis

6. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
• Cardiac examination
• Electrocardiogram
• Chest radiograph
• Echocardiogram

7. MANAGEMENT
• Some PDA close spontaneously.
• In preterm who are symptomatic and require increasing ventilator
support will need early intervention either medical or surgical.

8. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:-
1. Administration Indomethacin od.
2. A prostaglandin inhibitor.
• More effective in preterm and should given before the age of 10 days.
• Orally/IV in 0.2mg/kg and may be repeated up to 3 times at the
interval of 12-24 hours.

9. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
• Lateral thoracotomy.
• Open heart surgery ,if child had low weight.
1. Surgical closure is required when medical management is unsuccessful.
2. Can be done at any age but
prefer at 6 months of age.