The document discusses the differences between using the past continuous and past simple tenses in English. The past continuous is used for actions that were ongoing or in progress in the past. The past simple is used for completed actions in the past or actions that were witnessed. Both tenses can be used together, with the past continuous describing a longer ongoing action and the past simple used for a shorter action that occurred within that ongoing period. Connectives like "as", "while", and "when" are used to join clauses with different tenses.