The document provides techniques for paraphrasing text, including changing clauses to phrases or vice versa, changing quoted to indirect speech or vice versa, changing between active and passive voice, replacing words with synonyms, changing word forms, combining techniques, interpreting meaning, changing transitions, and changing word forms. Some examples are given to illustrate each technique.

1. PARAPHRASINGPARAPHRASING
TechniquesTechniques
Tactics to rewrite something
in a different way

2. ParaphrasingParaphrasing
 To paraphrase is to say the same thing inTo paraphrase is to say the same thing in
another way,another way, using your own wordsusing your own words..
 We can successfully paraphrase byWe can successfully paraphrase by using ausing a
combination of techniques.combination of techniques.

3. ParaphrasingParaphrasing
TechniquesTechniques
1.1. Change from aChange from a ClauseClause to ato a PhrasePhrase (or(or
vice versa)vice versa)
2.2. Change fromChange from Quoted SpeechQuoted Speech toto
Indirect SpeechIndirect Speech (or vice versa)(or vice versa)
3.3. Change fromChange from Active VoiceActive Voice toto PassivePassive
VoiceVoice (or vice versa)(or vice versa)
4.4. Change toChange to SynonymsSynonyms
5.5. ChangeChange Word FormsWord Forms

4. Change from aChange from a ClauseClause to ato a PhrasePhrase
 After he studiedAfter he studied, John took a nap., John took a nap.
 AfterAfter studyingstudying, John took a nap., John took a nap.
♦The house across the street is new.
♦The house that is across the street is new.

5. “I am readyI am ready
for lunch.”for lunch.”
Change fromChange from Quoted SpeechQuoted Speech toto
Indirect SpeechIndirect Speech
 Mr. Lee said,Mr. Lee said, “I am ready for lunch.”“I am ready for lunch.”
 Mr. LeeMr. Lee saidsaid he was ready for lunchhe was ready for lunch..

6. Change from Active Voice toChange from Active Voice to
Passive VoicePassive Voice
 A hotel employeeA hotel employee will carrywill carry your bags.your bags.
 Your bagsYour bags will be carried bywill be carried by a hotela hotel
employee.employee.

7. …………and replace words withand replace words with
synonyms.synonyms.
 A hotel employee will carry your bags.A hotel employee will carry your bags.
 Your bags will be carried by aYour bags will be carried by a hotelhotel
employee.employee.
♦Your luggage will be picked up by a bell boy.

8. Change Word FormsChange Word Forms
 Use anUse an adverbadverb instead of aninstead of an adjectiveadjective
 Use aUse a verbverb to replace ato replace a noun.noun.
 GROGGROG is anis an accurate typistaccurate typist..
 GROG typesGROG types accuratelyaccurately..

9. Change to SynonymsChange to Synonyms
 Replace the original words with wordsReplace the original words with words
that mean the same.that mean the same.
The stallion wasThe stallion was contentcontent with the mare.with the mare.
The stallion was happy with the mare.

10. When You can’t find a SynonymWhen You can’t find a Synonym
 Replace the original word with a definition.Replace the original word with a definition.
 TheThe stallionstallion was content with thewas content with the maremare..
 TheThe male horsemale horse was happy with thewas happy with the femalefemale
horsehorse..

11. Combine TechniquesCombine Techniques
Change to a phrase & add synonyms orChange to a phrase & add synonyms or
definitionsdefinitions
 AfterAfter he ate lunchhe ate lunch,, Mike took a napMike took a nap..
 AfterAfter eating luncheating lunch, Mike, Mike slept a littleslept a little..

12. Combine TechniquesCombine Techniques
Change to a phrase & add synonyms orChange to a phrase & add synonyms or
definitionsdefinitions
 The houseThe house that is across the street is oldthat is across the street is old..
 The houseThe house across the streetacross the street is old.is old.
 The houseThe house on the other side of the streeton the other side of the street is old.is old.
 TheThe dwellingdwelling on theon the other side ofother side of the roadthe road isis ancientancient..

13. Interpret Meaning…….Identify the underlyingInterpret Meaning…….Identify the underlying
meaning of a statement.meaning of a statement.
The wolf said, “The wolf said, “I am ready for lunchI am ready for lunch.”.”
I am ready
for Lunch
The wolf complained about being hungry
which made the sheep extremely anxious.
The sheep looked very worried.

14. Change transitionsChange transitions
 Although it was raining, Bob walked to workAlthough it was raining, Bob walked to work..
 It was raining, but Bob walked to work.It was raining, but Bob walked to work.
 It was raining; however, Bob walked to work.It was raining; however, Bob walked to work.

15. ………… and change word formsand change word forms
 Although it was raining, Bob walked to work.Although it was raining, Bob walked to work.
 It was raining, but Bob walked to work.It was raining, but Bob walked to work.
 It was raining; however, Bob walked to workIt was raining; however, Bob walked to work..
♦Despite the rain, Bob went to work on foot.

16. Your TurnYour Turn
Paraphrase the following:Paraphrase the following:
• Today, people are worried about internet security.
• Advocates of internet tracking believe that it helps
marketers to understand what people want.
• People who oppose internet tracking believe that it is
an invasion of privacy.
• This information age will cause more and more
people to become concerned with the level of
personal detail that can be found from the internet.