This document discusses paraphrasing and its importance. Paraphrasing involves rewriting a text in your own words while keeping the key ideas. It is important to paraphrase to avoid plagiarism and enhance vocabulary. The steps to paraphrase include carefully reading the passage, identifying the main ideas, highlighting important parts, and putting the ideas in your own words. Guidelines for effective paraphrasing include changing the structure, finding synonyms, altering between active and passive voice, and changing word forms. Exercises are provided to practice paraphrasing skills.

1. Paraphrasing

2. What is paraphrasing?
•A rewriting of text in your own words
•Used to clarify meaning
•Used to shorten a longer statement
but keeps the main ideas
•A way to enhance vocabulary

3. Why is paraphrasing important?
• To avoid Plagiarism –
• So, what is plagiarism?
• Copying someone else’s words and/or ideas
without giving credit to the author.
• It is a serious offence in the academic world.
For more information on plagiarism, click on the
link below
http://www.eduinreview.com/blog/2008/11/10-
good- reasons-to-never-ever-plagiarize-a-college-
paper/

4. Steps to paraphrase
•Read the passage carefully
•Decide the main ideas of the passage
•Highlight important words or phrases
•Put the main points in your own
words

5. Guidelines for Paraphrasing
1. Change the structure or order of the sentence
and/or paragraph.
Students seem to be under serious stress because
they have so much homework.
Since they have so much homework, students
seem to be under serious stress.

6. Guidelines for Paraphrasing
2. Find appropriate synonyms.
student = pupil, learner serious = severe
homework = assignments seem = appear
Students seem to face serious pressure due to
countless homework.
Learners appear to be under severe stress
because they have so many assignments.
(note: much  many)

7. Guidelines for Paraphrasing
3. Change active voice to passive and vice versa.
(note: this strategy is not always
possible or desirable)
Students seem to be under serious stress because
they have so much homework.
As they are given too much assignments, students
appear to be under a lot of pressure.

8. Guidelines for Paraphrasing
4. Change word forms.
Students seem to be under serious stress because
they have so much homework.
Students feel seriously stressed because they
have so much homework.

9. Guidelines for Paraphrasing
Now put all the strategies together:
Students seem to be under serious stress because
they have so much homework.
Because so many assignments are being given to
students, they appear to be seriously stressed.
 good paraphrase!

10. Nowtry this simpleexercise!
1. Peter didn’t arrive in time to see Lucy.
a. Peter didn’t meet Lucy because he arrived late.
b. Lucy came too late so she couldn’t see Peter.
c. Peter came too early so he wasn’t able to see Lucy.
2. “Leave my house now or I’ll call the police,” the lady said to the man.
a. The lady told the man to leave the house and call the police.
b. The lady wanted the man to leave the house and call the police.
c. The lady threatened to call the police if he didn’t leave the house.
3. He last had his eyes tested 10 months ago.
a. He hasn’t had his eyes tested for 10 months.
b. He has to have his eyes tested within 10 months.
c. He tested his eyes every month for 10 months.

11. Exercises A
Paraphrase each sentence. There may be more than one way to
rewrite each one. Remember to change vocabulary, phrases and
sentence structure wherever you can.
1. Despite their massive size, elephants are known for being agile.
2. Because elephants consume up to 500 pounds of food a day,
they are able to strip a forest bare in no time.
3. Over the centuries, lions have been used in art to represent
power and magnificence.
4. Lions are social creatures with one overwhelming male in each
pride.

12. For interactive online exercises on paraphrasing, click on the
websites below:
• http://amarris.homestead.com/files/paraphrase.html
• http://www.englishexercises.org/buscador/buscar.asp?nivel=
any&age=0&contents=paraphrasing
• www.beaconlearningcenter.com/weblessons/paraphrasecraz
e/
• https://www.quia.com/quiz/3652860.html

13. END OF LESSON