The document discusses parametric tests used for hypothesis evaluation, including types such as t-tests, z-tests, f-tests, and ANOVA, and emphasizes their assumption of a normal distribution. It describes specific testing scenarios related to drug potency and blood pressure reduction, detailing hypothesis formation and required significance levels. It also covers experimental procedures and the analysis of results in clinical trials.

1. Parametric test

2. - used to evaluate hypotheses
- Types of Parametric test
• t-test
• Z-test
• F-test
• Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
- Parametric tests assume a normal distribution of values
2
P a r a m e t r i c t e s t
2022

3. 3
T t e s t
2022

4. 4
T t e s t
3 types of t-test
2022

5. 5
T t e s t
2022

6. 6
Two-tailed One-tailed
For α=0.05 For α=0.05
left-tailed
right-tailed
T t e s t
2022

7. Case I
- After A large amount of data was collected for the content of drug in the tablet formulation during
a period of several years , The manufacturing process showed an average
potency of 5.01 mg and a standard deviation of 0.11, both values
considered to be equal to the true process parameters.
- A new batch was made with a modification of the usual
manufacturing procedure. And assay of 20 tablets give bellow..
7
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

8. 8
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

9. 2. The null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis
two sided hypothesis testing
- Alternative hypothesis suggest that the average drug potency of the
new batch can conceivably be smaller as well as greater than the
historical process average of 5.01 mg.
9
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

10. 3. The level of significance is specified
1
Z ≤ -1.96 or Z ≥ 1.96 then reject H0
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

11. 4. Selection of sample
5. Experiment trials
6. After the experiment is completed , Statistical calculations are
1
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

12. One-sample test, variance unknown. two-sided test
1
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

13. 1
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

14. 1
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

15. Case II
- A pharmaceutical company places A new compound on an
“antihypertensive” screening. Experience has shown that a blood
pressure reduction of more than 15 mm Hg in hypertensive animals.
since such testing is expensive, the researchers wish to be reasonably
sure that statistically the compound truly reduces the blood pressure
by more than 15 mm Hg before testing is continued. The level of
significance of 10% was chosen
1
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

16. 1
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

17. 1
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

18. What difference (reduction) would have been needed to show a significant
reduction in this clinical trial ?
1
O n e - s a m p l e t e s t
2022

19. 1
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

20. 2
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

21. - Statement of hypothesis
2
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

22. 2
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

23. 2
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

24. 2
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

25. 2
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

26. 2
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

27. 2
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

28. 2
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

29. Synonym:
2
U n p a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

30. P a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
3
2022

31. 3
P a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

32. 3
P a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

33. 3
P a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

34. EXCERSIZE
- A certain stimulant drug is administered to each of 12 patients resulted in
the following change in blood pressure 5, 2, 8, -1, 3, 0, -2, 1, 5, 0, 4, 6
Can it be concluded that the stimulant will in general be accompanied by an
increase in blood pressure with ( = 0.05 )
3
P a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

35. 3
P a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

36. 3
P a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

37. 3
P a i r e d s a m p l e t e s t
2022

38. Full form : Analysis of variance
Defination :
ANOVA is a statistical technique specially designed to test whether the
means of more than 2 quantitative populations are equal.
3
A N O V A
2022

39. 3
A N O V A
2022

40. 4
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

41. 4
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

42. 4
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

43. 4
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

44. Calculation steps
4
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

45. 4
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
Calculation steps
2022

46. 4
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
Calculation steps
2022

47. 4
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
Calculation steps
2022

48. 4
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
Calculation steps
2022

49. 4
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

50. 5
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

51. - statement of hypothesis
5
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

52. 5
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

53. 5
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

54. 5
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

55. ANOVA table
5
O N E - W A Y A N O V A
2022

56. 5
L S D t e s t
2022

57. 5
L S D t e s t
2022

58. - Finding LSD in EXCERSIZE 2
- t = 2.306
- S2 = 4
5
L S D t e s t
2022

59. 5
L S D t e s t
2022

60. 6
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

61. 6
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

62. 6
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

63. 6
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

64. 6
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

65. 6
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

66. 6
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

67. 6
ANOVA table
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

68. 6
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

69. 6
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

70. 7
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

71. 7
T W O - W A Y A N O V A
2022

72. 7
O N E - W A Y v s T W O - W A Y
2022

73. 7
S t u d y q u e s t i o n s
2022

74. 7
S t u d y q u e s t i o n s
2022

75. 7
S t u d y q u e s t i o n s
2022

76. 7
S t u d y q u e s t i o n s
2022

77. 7
S t u d y q u e s t i o n s
Ans.
2022

78. 7
S t u d y q u e s t i o n s
Ans.
2022

79. 7
S t u d y q u e s t i o n s
Ans.
2022

80. 8
S t u d y q u e s t i o n s
Ans.
2022

81. End
Reference:
Ph’ceutical statistics- Practical and clinical
applications –Sanford Bolton
Fundamental of Statistics –S.C. Guptha
Net Source
of the topic