This document discusses Pakistan's energy conservation policy and provides tips to reduce energy consumption across various sectors. It finds that the power and industrial sectors consume the most energy in Pakistan. Various challenges to sustainability are outlined. Significant energy savings of $2 billion per year are possible through conservation efforts. Barriers to conservation like lack of legislation, financing, culture and standards are identified along with potential options to address them. Specific tips are then provided to reduce consumption in domestic, agriculture, transport, building and industry sectors. Regular maintenance, efficient appliances, insulation and education are emphasized.

1. Energy Conservation Policy of
Pakistan
Muhammad Uzair Rasheed
MS NPE KINPOE

2. End Use Energy Consumption by Sector (2011-2013)
(Total: 58.61 Million TOE)
2%
28%
3%
29% 1%
15%
22%
Domestic
Other Govt.
Transport
Agriculture
Industrial
Commercial
Power
Power Sector takes the largest slice of national energy
consumption closely followed by Industrial sector.

3. State Bank’s Projection

4. Challenges
 Sustainability of Indigenous fossil fuels
 Sustainability of Environment
 Economic Sustainability
 Compounding poverty and political fallout

5. EC Potential in Pakistan
Industry 25%
Transport 20%
Agriculture 20%
Power 30%
Average 24%
Possible Savings for Pakistan by EC
US $ 2 Billion/Year.

6.  Barrier:
 Option:
 Absence of Legislation
 A legislation specifically focused to promote
efficient use of energy resources with
provision of
 Energy reporting
 Mandatory audit of major energy consuming
entities
 Enforcement of standards and labeling,
 Investment promotion
 Punish the defaulter and reward the energy
proficient
Barriers/ Options

7. Barriers/ Options
Issue:
Option:
Distorted perception of EC
Propagate EC as a means to cut costs, increased
production and better profitability through
efficiency improvement. It’s a win-win for all stake
holders.

8. (Contd.)
 Barrier:
 Option:
o Absence of Financing
Instruments/Mechanisms
soft leasing.
soft loans for energy-conservation
specific projects.
the use of micro-finance institutions
need to be explored.
Private Public partnership by
facilitating access to appropriate
technology.

9. (Contd.)
 Barrier:
 Option:
o Lack of EC culture
o Cultivate a new energy culture through
extensive training, pilot initiatives, value
engineering, and demonstration to promote
energy efficiency in all sectors of economy.

10. (Contd.)
 Barrier:
 Option:
 Absence of Standardization & Labeling
 Need to develop Energy Efficiency
Standards in collaboration with relevant
stakeholder institutions.

11. (Contd.)
 Issue:
 Option:
 Lack of Awareness and Education
 More resources need to be allocated on a
sustainable basis to educate the
stakeholders.
 Free time for EC on all electronic media
by PEMRA be ensured.

12. Conservation Imperatives
 Energy conservation represents least-cost ‘supply’
option. It’s a win-win for all.
 Unit of energy saved usually is a fraction of
generating additional unit.
 Electricity peak load reduction and shifting results
in better utilization of existing generation assets.

13. Domestic Consumers

14. Gas Consumers
 Minimize the use of heaters.
 Use solar panel geysers.
 Turn on geyser only in the morning.
 Repair gas leakages immediately.
 Switch off the stove after use.

15. Cont.
 Use pressure cookers as much as possible.
 Use lids to cover the pans while cooking.
 Bring items taken out of refrigerators (like vegetables, milk etc)
to room temperature before placing on the gas stove for
heating

16. ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS
 Shift use from peak times. For example, fill the water tank in the
early mornings. Avoid ironing during the evenings.
 Time of use meters are being installed throughout the country
and soon consumers will pay more for electricity in peak time.
Beginning to change your behavior now, will help the country
avoid load shedding and soon will reduce your energy bill.
 Look for energy efficient appliances when replacing an existing
appliance

17. Cont.
 The first, most important, measure is to simply turn off the lights
when you leave a room.
 Use daylight to the maximum.
 Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) can be four times as efficient as
traditional bulbs. So when replacing lights, upgrade to CFLs.
 Use Ceiling fans with electronic regulators.
 Operate the ceiling fan along with your window air conditioner to
spread the cooled air more effectively throughout the room and
operate the air conditioner at higher temperature
 Install exhaust fans at a higher elevation than ceiling fans

18. Cont.
 Use sun film, curtains or outside use chicks to block the sun
 ACs are one of the biggest contributors summer time power
failures. If fan and AC are used together, the temperature can
easily be lowered to 24oC
 Plant trees to shade air-conditioning units but not to block the
airflow. A unit operating in the shade uses as much as 10% less
electricity than the same one operating in the sun
 When purchasing a new AC, look for one that is energy efficient
and has an automatic temperature shut off (Mitsubishi, Samsung)
 When purchasing a new fan, look for one that is energy efficient
(Royal, Pak, GFC )

19. AGRICULTURE SECTOR

20. Tips for Agriculture Sector
 Tune up your tractor and farm machinery regularly
 Service your tube well/pumping station regularly
 Do not use tube well in morning/evening peak electricity
consumption hours
 Remember! Irrigation during day time results in vaporization of
large quantities of water, which can be saved if crops are
irrigated during night time
 Rewind the burnt tube-well motor with good quality wire which
not only prolongs the motor's life but also reduces your electricity
bill

21. TRANSPORT SECTOR

22. TIPS FOR TRANSPORTERS/VEHICLE
OWNERS
 Tune up your vehicles regularly after every 15,000 Kms
 Opt for joint commuting instead of using individual
vehicle
 Use bicycle or walk for short trips
 Travel off peak hours. Avoid traffic congestion
 Accelerate slowly & smoothly.
 Avoid jerky starts
 Keep air filter clean & change it every 10,000 Kms
 Avoid frequent acceleration and braking
 Check the brakes for even & adequate braking

23. Cont.
 Check steering system for ease & smoothness of operation
 Change oil filter regularly.
 Check tyre pressure weekly and wheel alignment every 10,000 Kms
 More speed - More fuel. Drive between 65-80 Km/h normally.
 Cold engine consumes more fuel
 Turn off engine while waiting on traffic signal. Don't idle for more
than 1 minute
 Check cooling system regularly
 Inspect & clean the battery terminals

24. Building Sector

25. TIPS FOR BUILDING OWNERS/
CONSTRUCTORS
 Determine the orientation of the building on its site
 Construct room sizes appropriate from energy stand point
 Whitewash the rooms for better use of lights
 Use exhaust fans in kitchen/bathrooms
 Landscape shading and solar heating absorbed through
windows and roofs can increase your air conditioning use.
Incorporating shading concept into your landscaping design
can help reduce this solar heating gain, reducing your
cooling cost.
 Use false ceiling in the building.

26. Cont.
 Always opt for the following building and roof insulation
 Mud Plaster
 Reflective chemicals
 Adopt wall paneling on the inside
 Plywood paneling
 Wood fiber
 Lasani sheet
 Wall paper

27. INDUSTRY, POWER SECTOR

28. Tips to reduce ENERGY COSTS for
INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL CONSUMERS
 Devise energy conservation plans to avoid energy losses.
 Arrange for regular boiler/ furnace tune ups.
 Arrange for Steam System Surveys.
 Arrange for Electrical System Surveys.
 Switch to energy efficient lighting.
 Use high efficiency motors.
 Use variable speed drives.

29. Boilers Caring
A small care of BOILERS guarantees BIG SAVINGS
 Tune-up boilers every 3 months.
 Install temperature indicator in stack/chimney.
 Install flow meters for natural gas and steam in boilers to get exact
efficiencies.
 Install an economizer to recover the exhaust heat from stack.
 Install automatic system for pressure control.
 Pre-heat feed water.
 Repair damaged insulation and openings.

30. Tune-up savings

31. Public Campaigns for raising
awareness

37. References
 POLICY ISSUES AND OPTIONS IN ENERGY CONSERVATION
& EFFICIENCY
 Energy Conservation options/Suggestions
http://www.enercon.gov.pk/

38. Special Thanks to
K.M.Zubair, Chief (ENERCON)