The document discusses why sustainable buildings are important and provides techniques to save power in buildings. It notes that buildings consume a large portion of energy usage annually. Building sustainably can reduce environmental impacts from fossil fuel usage and is more efficient over time due to lower operating costs. The document then outlines major sectors of power consumption in residential and commercial buildings. It also discusses prerequisite studies of building design considerations like orientation, envelopes and insulation to improve energy performance. Finally, it presents various power saving techniques for buildings like geothermal systems, solar heating, efficient lighting and daylight harvesting.

1. Save power, Save money,
and
Save lives

2. Table of Content
• Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
• Power consumption sectors.
• Prerequisite building studies.
• Power saving techniques.

3. Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
Why do we need energy saving?

4. Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
Why do we need energy
saving?:
• Building consume approximately 39%
of the energy and 74% of the
electricity annually in USA.
• Coal and Oil are the most common
source of energy used in building,
these fuels are finite resources.
• The process of extraction and
consuming energy from fossil fuels
causes: air and water pollution, land
degradation, solid waste generation,
and greenhouse gas emissions.

5. Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
Why do we need energy
saving?:
• Other green source energy, also
carry environmental costs;
Hydropower for example, alter
aquatic ecosystem and harm
endangered species.
• Building achieve any level of Green
building certification; at a
minimum, perform better than
any other building.

6. • Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
• Power consumption sectors.
• Prerequisite building studies.
• Power saving techniques.

7. Power consumption sectors
• Together, the commercial, residential and public sectors account
for 30% of electricity consumption.
• Residential consumption is estimated to be twice that of
commercial.

8. Power consumption sectors
The barriers to energy efficiency
in developing countries namely:
• Consumers are not familiar with energy-
efficient products.
• Many energy-efficient products, are not
widely available.
• Building contractors, and architectural &
Engineering firms, are not familiar with
the basic techniques which could
improve the energy efficiency of the
building.

9. Power consumption sectors
Residential Electricity Consumption by End Use
Source: EIA, U.S. Household Electricity Reports, Table US-1, 2005

10. Power consumption sectors
Commercial Sector Electricity Consumption by End
Use
Source: EIA, Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS), Table E5A, 2008

11. Power consumption sectors
The major electricity loads are from:
• HVAC and Ventilation.
• Lighting.
• Heating and water heating

12. • Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
• Power consumption sectors.
• Prerequisite building studies.
• Power saving techniques.

13. Building design studies
• Green building should reduce the
amount of energy required for building
operation.
• The energy performance of a building
depends on its design.
• Its massing and orientation, building
envelop and insulation, and lighting
system.
“improved energy performance results in
lower operating costs.”

14. Building design studies
Building form and orientation:
• The sun is higher in summer and lower
in winter sky.
• Building should capture free heating in
winter, and reject the heat in summer.

15. Building design studies
Building form and orientation:
• In the concept phase, try more than one
orientation with simulation’s software.
• If changing building orientation isn’t
applicable, use building shape ideas.

16. Building design studies
Building envelop and insulation:
• Brick wall air cavity will significantly
reduce heat ingress.
• Insulated walls. (could be: Extruded
polystyrene, glass-wool, … etc.)

17. Building design studies
Building envelop and insulation:
• Double skin, in case of structure glazing
skin.
• Select high performance glazing with
low U-value, low shading coefficient &
high VLT ( visual light transmittance).

18. Building design studies
Building envelop and insulation:
• Insulated or planted roof (heat ingress
through the roof can be as high as
12-15%).
• Consider shading devices for window
opening.

19. Building design studies
Natural lighting and view:
• Outdoor environment have been proven
to increase occupant productivity and
comfort.
• Daylight reduces the need for electric
lighting for building interior.

20. Building design studies
Natural lighting and view:
• A well-designed daylight building is
estimated to reduce light energy use by
50% to 80%.
• Glazing can increase initial costs for a
project and can lead to excessive
heat gain if not designed properly.

21. • Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
• Power consumption sectors.
• Prerequisite building studies.
• Power saving techniques.

22. Power saving techniques
Underground Geothermal pipes:
• Geothermal heat pump can provide
space heating and air conditioning.
• These systems use a heat pump to
transfer heat from the ground to the
application.
• Geothermal heat pump could work as
closed loop circulate a carrier fluid
through pipes buried in the ground or
ground water

23. Power saving techniques
Solar heating and water heating
(Solar Combisystem):
• A collector, often fastened to a roof
or a wall facing the sun, heats
working fluid that is pumped through
it.
• Which delivers heat to the tank
through a heat exchanger.
• Heat is stored in a hot water storage
tank for most of the year, in winter, a
gas or electric booster is normally
used to heat the water.

24. Power saving techniques
Under floor air distribution
(UFAD):
• UFAD systems operate at much lower
design pressure, and wormer
temperature, than traditional ducted
overhead system.
• Use the open space between concrete
slab and raised floor.
• Reduce the fan horsepower on the
mechanical equipment.

25. Power saving techniques
LED Light bulbs:
• LED: Light-Emitting Diodes.
• Lighting output is smaller than
incandescent, therefore often use
multiple diodes together.
• Robust , where most other light source
are fragile.
• LED lamps offer long service life and
high energy efficiency.
• Incandescent bulbs have a typical life of
1,000 hours, compact fluorescents
about 8,000 hours, LED offer lifespans of
30,000 or more hours

26. Power saving techniques
Daylight harvesting:
• Daylight harvesting systems are typically
designed to maintain a minimum
recommended light level.
• Photosensors (light level sensor) are
used to integrate an electric lighting
system with a day-lighting to operate
only when day-lighting is insufficient.
• lighting control system, uses an
automated device, and/or motion
sensors, to shutting off or dimming
lighting fixtures as appropriate.

27. • Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
• How could we define Green Building?
• Power consumption sectors.
• Prerequisite building studies.
• Power saving techniques.

28. Thank You
?