Energy Conservation by Mehfooz Qazi

1. ENERGY CONSERVATION THE BEST ALTERNATIVE ENERGY AVAILABLE BY ENGR. MEHFOOZ QAZI June 15, 2007

13. As a result of Power Factor correction from Cos Ø1 =0.65 to Cos Ø2 =0.9 51.3 : 184.6 = 0.28 ( 28% more active power can be utilized) M/S Trans Asia at Plot No: 9/3 Sec 17 Korangi 41 kW 74 Amperes 51.3 kVA Relief to the Generation/Distribution System (Saving) 192 133.3 120 0.9 Proposed 266 184.6 120 0.65 Existing Proposed Saving (kVA * 0.8) Current/Phase (kVA/( √ 3 * V)) Apparent Power (kW* 1/Cos ø)kVA Active Power (kW) Power Factor (Cos ø ) Description

15. REACTIVE LOAD DETAILS Only by improving the power factor of these 1800 customers we may easily save more than 2 MW 33.6 48.4 0.77 2.08 82.1 100.1 12.6 604.0 1,746 May-07 26.1 47.8 0.8 2.37 74.0 99.7 14.1 592.3 1,925 Apr-07 23.1 39.7 0.79 2.77 62.9 82.7 14.1 509.1 1,910 Mar-07 43.8 37.8 0.69 2.90 81.7 78.9 13.6 467.0 1,880 Feb-07 36.3 41.3 0.73 3.00 77.7 85.4 15.2 504.7 1,850 Jan-07 Saving of kVArh/PM At 0.9 PF kVArh Approx. PF % of bill paid as penalty Reactive Power Active Power Total PF Penalty billed Total amount billed of these customers (Millions) Total no of customers who were charged PF Penalty Month

16. Replacing standard Fluorescent lighting with efficient Electronic ballasts: Recommendation submitted to M/S Chief Fabrics at SITE Karachi The plant is lit with 100, 4-foot fluorescent fixtures approximately, with electromagnetic chokes. Recommended Action: Energy efficient electronic ballasts are recommended for all the plant’s lighting fixtures. The electromagnetic chokes may be replaced with electronic ballasts. These chokes consume 52 watts per fixture as per our observation, out of which more than 30% power is dissipated by the heat losses in the choke. It is recommended that energy efficient electronic ballasts with different ratings may be replaced.

17. Saving Calculations : Annual Savings = Rs. 60830/= (Note: The cheapest type of ballasts available in the local market are not recommended.) Approximate Implementation Cost: The average cost of electronic ballast fixture = Rs.500/= approx. 100 fixtures * 500 =Rs. 50,000/= Expected Simple Pay Back; Payback = 50000 / 60830 = 9 Months. 60830 10138 1.6 Annual Savings 136853 22809 7920 660 22 0.8 3.6 0.036 100 T/L Proposed 197683 32947 7920 660 22 0.8 5.2 0.04 100 T/L Existing Annual Elect. Cost (Rs) Annual kWh Hrs/yrs Hrs/month Hrs/ Day LF Operating load (kW) Rated power (kW) Qty Description Lighting

18. Energy Saver V/S Ordinary Bulb . Rs. 2664 Cost Savings by using CFL 696 3360 Total Cost = Bulb + Energy 576 3200 Energy cost (Domestic) (@ Rs.4 /unit) average 656 Units -- Energy Savings by using CFL 8000 x18 = 144 Units 1000 8000 x 100 = 800 Units 1000 Energy consumed for 8000 hrs operation 1 x120 =120 8 x 20 = 160 Cost of lamps (Rupees) 1 8 No. of lamps required for 8000 hrs operation 8000 hrs 1000 Hrs Operating life Good Quality 18 Watt CFL 100 Watt Ordinary Incandescent Lamp