1) The document discusses drought indicators and indices that can be used in drought early warning systems. It provides examples of commonly used indices for meteorological, agricultural, soil moisture, and hydrological drought monitoring.
2) Indices are categorized by inputs required, ease of use, and applications. No single indicator can determine drought impacts or responses, so using multiple indices is best.
3) Quantitative triggers based on index values are favored for initiating predetermined actions in drought plans. Monitoring is essential for risk management and response cannot be implemented without ongoing measurement and assessment of drought conditions.
Drought monitoring and early warning in the MENA region: The ICBA contributio...NENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egyp
Drought Assessment and Mitigation in Southwest Asia: project overview and workshop format
Vladimir Smakhtin
Presentation at the South West Asia Regional Drought Workshop
Colombo, Sri Lanka, 7 October 2004
drought monitoring and management using remote sensingveerendra manduri
Monitoring drought and its management became easier with the help of remote sensing..several drought monitoring indices can be used to monitor drought condition. this ppt consists of information regarding droughts in relation to agriculture and their monitoring with the help of remotely sense based indices.
Presentation by Vladimir Smakhtin & Giriraj Amarnath at the Advisory Committee meeting of the Integrated Drought Management Program held in Geneva, 9 September, 2014.
Presented by IWMI's Giriraj Amarnath at an expert consultation meeting on the implementation of our South Asia Drought Monitoring System (SADMS) in Sri Lanka, at IWMI headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka, on September 26, 2017
Drought monitoring and early warning in the MENA region: The ICBA contributio...NENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egyp
Drought Assessment and Mitigation in Southwest Asia: project overview and workshop format
Vladimir Smakhtin
Presentation at the South West Asia Regional Drought Workshop
Colombo, Sri Lanka, 7 October 2004
drought monitoring and management using remote sensingveerendra manduri
Monitoring drought and its management became easier with the help of remote sensing..several drought monitoring indices can be used to monitor drought condition. this ppt consists of information regarding droughts in relation to agriculture and their monitoring with the help of remotely sense based indices.
Presentation by Vladimir Smakhtin & Giriraj Amarnath at the Advisory Committee meeting of the Integrated Drought Management Program held in Geneva, 9 September, 2014.
Presented by IWMI's Giriraj Amarnath at an expert consultation meeting on the implementation of our South Asia Drought Monitoring System (SADMS) in Sri Lanka, at IWMI headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka, on September 26, 2017
Pan_European and pan-African Early Warning on Floods and Droughts: From the E...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
Pan_European and pan-African Early Warning on Floods and Droughts: From the European Flood Alert System (EFAS) and European Drought Observatory (EDO) towards a pan-African early warning system
Climate Risk Vulnerability Assessment to Support Agricultural ResilienceLeo Kris Palao
CRVA a tool to spatially assess vulnerability to support communities at high risk to climate variability and change thru the provision of climate resilient agriculture (CRA). The project in the Philippines is funded by the Department of Agriculture - System Wide Climate Change Office (DA-SWCCO) to enhance farmer resilience in vulnerable areas. Watch out for the Landscape-CRVA that we are currently piloting in Isabela. This is also funded by DA-SWCCO.
Vulnerability Assessment and Rapid Warning System Enhancements inKeith G. Tidball
This presentation represents initial efforts to down scale a global flood vulnerability model developed in a cloud based computing tool Google Earth Engine for the noncoastal “upstate areas” of the State of New York. This customized New York application of the model is the result of collaboration with colleagues at Yale University. The model analyzes social and physical vulnerability to riverine flooding based on multiple data inputs, outputs the high risk areas for flooding, and runs statistics on the population living in the flooded zone. Initial results examine the ability for the model to predict risk for a specific storm area, county, or watershed in 1-30 seconds. Future work requires further testing and validation of the model, a more advanced algorithm, and dynamic user-friendly interface for public risk communication of both underlying vulnerability and an early warning system.
“Building Collaborations and Combined Drought Indicators Aimed at Bettering our Drought Early Warning Capacity Globally as Part of an Integrated Drought Risk Management Approach” by Mark Svoboda at the 2023 Water for Food Global Conference. A recording of the presentation can be found on the conference playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSBeKOIXsg3JNyPowwJj6NDSpx4vlnCYj.
Pan_European and pan-African Early Warning on Floods and Droughts: From the E...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
Pan_European and pan-African Early Warning on Floods and Droughts: From the European Flood Alert System (EFAS) and European Drought Observatory (EDO) towards a pan-African early warning system
Climate Risk Vulnerability Assessment to Support Agricultural ResilienceLeo Kris Palao
CRVA a tool to spatially assess vulnerability to support communities at high risk to climate variability and change thru the provision of climate resilient agriculture (CRA). The project in the Philippines is funded by the Department of Agriculture - System Wide Climate Change Office (DA-SWCCO) to enhance farmer resilience in vulnerable areas. Watch out for the Landscape-CRVA that we are currently piloting in Isabela. This is also funded by DA-SWCCO.
Vulnerability Assessment and Rapid Warning System Enhancements inKeith G. Tidball
This presentation represents initial efforts to down scale a global flood vulnerability model developed in a cloud based computing tool Google Earth Engine for the noncoastal “upstate areas” of the State of New York. This customized New York application of the model is the result of collaboration with colleagues at Yale University. The model analyzes social and physical vulnerability to riverine flooding based on multiple data inputs, outputs the high risk areas for flooding, and runs statistics on the population living in the flooded zone. Initial results examine the ability for the model to predict risk for a specific storm area, county, or watershed in 1-30 seconds. Future work requires further testing and validation of the model, a more advanced algorithm, and dynamic user-friendly interface for public risk communication of both underlying vulnerability and an early warning system.
“Building Collaborations and Combined Drought Indicators Aimed at Bettering our Drought Early Warning Capacity Globally as Part of an Integrated Drought Risk Management Approach” by Mark Svoboda at the 2023 Water for Food Global Conference. A recording of the presentation can be found on the conference playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSBeKOIXsg3JNyPowwJj6NDSpx4vlnCYj.
Speakers: Mikaela Rambali, Policy Analyst, Climate adaptation and resilience team (OECD) and Maike Kirsch, Junior Policy Analyst, Climate adaptation and resilience team (OECD).
Presentation at the 1st meeting of the Working Party on Climate Change (WPCC) held at the OECD headquarters on 27-28 September, 2023.
Monitoring and evaluation of adaptation: An approach from Mexico | Gloria Cue...NAP Global Network
Presentation by representatives from SEMARNAT, Mexico, as part of the NAP Global Network's Targeted Topics Forum on “Troubleshooting for NAP implementation and building support for the NAP process through strategic communications” held in Stone Town, United Republic of Tanzania, in February 2019.
1) What is the social and environmental screening procedure?
2) ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RISK SCREENING TEMPLATE
3) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP)
4) Soil Moisture Active Passive Data (SMAP)
5)
Session II: Crop Water Productivity Case Study Tunisia, Nabil SghaierNENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Session I: Water Consumption – Evapotranspiration (ET) Case Study TunisiaNENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Agriculture and Irrigation at the Ministry of Agriculture, Saleh AlluhaydanNENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Use of Remote Sensing to Investigate Striking Challenges on W R in Lebanon, A...NENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Drought Management in Iran, Masoud Bagherzadeh KarimiNENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Why do we need a nexus approach in addressing?, Bahram TaheriNENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Water Consumption (Evapo-Transpiration- ET), B. Taheri, S.M. Nabavi & MousaviMr.NENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
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Can we able to enhance water productivity under Water scarcity?, Dr. Alaa. Z....NENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Advanced Irrigation Scheduling Model Utilizing Remote Sensing and Low Cost Fi...NENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Overview of Drought Indicators and their application in the context of a Drought Early Warning and Information System, Mark Svoboda
1. Overview of Drought Indicators and
their Application in the Context of a
Drought Early Warning and
Information System
Mark Svoboda, Climatologist/Monitoring Program Area Leader
National Drought Mitigation Center
NOAA’s Drought Risk Management Research Center
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
NENA Regional Water/Drought Platform Stakeholders Workshop
Cairo, Egypt, October 27-29, 2015
5. Provide a template for action that
countries can use in the development of a
national drought management policy and
drought preparedness/mitigation plans
The process is structured in 10 steps
that can be adapted by countries to reflect
their institutional, infrastructure, legal,
socio-economic and environmental
context
Case studies from Brazil, Mexico,
Morocco and the USA and will be
continuously updated based on the
experiences gained in the guidelines’
application
The guidelines respond to a need for
action oriented drought policies
IDMP Guidelines
6. Drought Plan Components
Monitoring and early warning
Integrate and distill information
Assess, communicate, and trigger action
Foundation of a drought mitigation plan
Vulnerability assessment
Who and what is at risk and why?
Mitigation and response actions
Actions/programs that reduce risk and
impacts and enhance recovery
Most processes and plans in the past have
primarily focused on monitoring and response...
7. The Importance of Drought
Early Warning and Information
Systems (DEWIS)
Allows for early drought detection
Improves response (proactive)
Data and tools for decision support
“Triggers” actions within a drought plan
A critical mitigation action
Foundation of a drought plan
8. Components of a Drought Early
Warning and Information System
(DEWIS)
Monitoring AND Forecasting
Access to timely data (including impacts)and
“value added” information
Synthesis/analysis of data used to “trigger”
set actions within a drought plan
Tools for decision makers
Efficient dissemination/communication
(WWW, media, extension, etc.)
Drought risk assessment and planning
Education and Awareness
11. Definitions: Indicators, Indices
and Triggers
Indicators: Variables or parameters
used to describe drought conditions.
(NOTE: Indices are Indicators as well)
Examples: precipitation, temperature,
streamflow, groundwater, reservoir levels,
snowpack, soil moisture, drought indices, etc.
Indices: Typically a computed numerical
representation of a drought’s
severity/intensity using climatic,
hydrologic, or remotely sensed inputs.
12. Definitions: Indicators, Indices
and Triggers
Triggers: Specific values of an
indicator/indice that initiate and/or
terminate each level of a drought plan,
and associated management responses.
Who is accountable to do what
and when?
Ties back to the plan!
Examples: 6-mo SPI below the 5th percentile for
two consecutive months Level 4 Drought
OR…
3-mo SPI above the 30th percentile for
three consecutive months No Drought
13. What Questions Do Drought
Indicators/Indices Help Answer?
How does the drought compare historically?
How often does a drought of this magnitude
happen? (frequency/return periods)
When was the last time a drought like this
happened? (analogs)
What did the spatial footprint of the last
drought look like? (areal extent via maps)
Expand drought planning horizons?
Add paleo (tree rings) data in the future?
14. Importance of Drought Indices
Simplify complex relationships
and provide a good communication
tool for diverse audiences/users
Quantitative assessment of
anomalous climatic conditions
Intensity
Duration
Spatial extent
Historical reference (probability
of recurrence)
Planning and design applications
15. Considerations for Choosing
Indicators / Triggers
Proper and Timely Detection of Drought
Spatial and Temporal Sensitivity
Supplies and Demands
Drought In / Drought Out
Composite and/or Multiple Indicators
Data availability/stability, period of record,
and validity
Ease of Implementation
Validation….do they match the
impacts/reality of the situation on the
ground?
16. Approaches to Drought Assessment
Single index or indicator (parameter)
Multiple indices or indicators
Assessed stand-alone
Composite (or “hybrid”) Indicator
Blended approach
18. The purpose of this handbook is to identify
some of the most commonly used
physically-based drought
indicators/indices that are being applied
across drought-prone regions with the goal
of advancing monitoring, early warning and
information delivery systems in support of
risk-based drought management policies
and preparedness plans.
Monitoring Drought: A Handbook
of Indicators and Indices
19. The guide is intended to be used by the
general drought practitioner (e.g.
Meteorological/Hydrological service,
Ministry level, resource managers and
other decision makers at various levels)
and was intended to serve as a
potential starting point to determine
which indicators/indices are available
and being put into practice around the
world.
Monitoring Drought: A Handbook
of Indicators and Indices
20. The indicators and indices covered are
aimed at the physical nature of drought
and do not cover overlap issues
such as climate change,
vulnerability assessment, risk,
aridity, desertification or water
scarcity, all of which play a role in how
drought needs to be monitored and
addressed.
Monitoring Drought: A Handbook of
Indicators and Indices
21. The indicator/index types are grouped
into the following classifications:
which directly correspond to the
meteorological, agricultural and
hydrological drought types: 1)
temperature and/or precipitation; 2)
soil moisture; 3) hydrological; 4)
satellite and vegetation; and 5)
composite, modeled or experimental
Monitoring Drought: A Handbook of
Indicators and Indices
22. For the “ease of use” classification, a “traffic
light” approach for each indicator/index was
adopted where:
Green: Indices are considered to be green if
one or more of the following criteria apply:
Code or program to run the index is readily and
freely available
Does not require daily data
Does allow for missing data
Output of the index is already being produced
operationally and is made available on the web
Monitoring Drought: A Handbook of
Indicators and Indices
23. Note: While a “green” ease of use
classification may imply that the
indicator/indice may be the easiest to
obtain or use, it does not mean it is
the best index/indicator for any given
region or locale. This decision as to
which indicator(s)/indices to use has
to be determined by the user and
depends on the given application(s).
Monitoring Drought: A Handbook of
Indicators and Indices
24. Yellow: Indices are considered to be
yellow if one or more of the following
criteria apply:
Multiple variables or inputs needed for calculations
Code or program to run the index is not available
in a public domain
May only need a single input or variable, but no code
is available
The complexity of the calculations needed to
produce the index is minimal
Monitoring Drought: A Handbook of
Indicators and Indices
25. Red: Indices are considered to be red if one
or more of the following criteria apply:
Would need to develop code to calculate the
index based upon the methodology in the
literature
The index or derivative products are not readily
available
An obscure index which is not widely used, but
may be applicable to some
Any index which contains modeled input or is
part of the calculations
Monitoring Drought: A Handbook
of Indicators and Indices
26. Meteorological
Based Page
Ease
of
Use
Inputs
Required Additional Information
Aridity Anomaly
Index (AAI) Green P,T, PET, ET Operationally available for India
Deciles Green P
Ease of calculation and examples from
Australia useful
Keetch-Byram
Drought Index (KBDI) Green P,T
KBDI calculations are based upon the
climate of the area of interest
Percent of Normal
Precipitation Green P Simple calculations
Standardized
Precipitation Index
(SPI) Green P
The WMO highlighted the SPI as a starting
point for meteorological drought
monitoring
Weighted Anomaly
Standardized
Precipitation (WASP) Green P,T
Uses gridded data in monitoring drought in
tropical regions
Aridity Index (AI) Yellow P, T
Can also be used in climate classifications
China Z Index (CZI) Yellow P
Intended to improve upon what the SPI
provides
Crop Moisture index
(CMI) Yellow P,T Weekly values are needed
Drought Area Index
(DAI) Yellow P
Gives an indication of how the monsoon
season perform
Drought
Reconnaissance Index
(DRI) Yellow P, T
Monthly temperature and precipitation
needed
Effective Drought
Index (EDI) Yellow P
Program is available through direct contact
with originator
Hydro-Thermal
Coefficient (HTC) Yellow T,P
Ease in calculations and several examples in
Russia
NOAA Drought Index
(NDI) Yellow P
Best used in agricultural applications
Palmer Drought
Severity Index (PDSI) Yellow P,T, AWC
Not green due to complexity of calculations
and the need for serially complete data
Palmer Z Index Yellow P,T, AWC
One of the many outputs of the Palmer
Drought Severity Index calculations
Rainfall Anomaly
Index (RAI) Yellow P Serially complete data required
Self-Calibrated
Palmer Drought
Severity Index (sc-
PDSI) Yellow P,T, AWC
Not green due to complexity of calculations
and serially complete data needed
Standardized
Anomaly Index (SAI)
Yello
w P
Point data used to describe regional
conditions
Standardized
Precipitation
Evapotranspiration
Index (SPEI)
Yello
w P, T
Serially complete data required, output
similar to the SPI but with a
temperature component
Agricultural
Reference Index for
Drought (ARID) Red P,T, Mod
Regionally produced in the
southeastern United States and not
tested widely outside of the region
Crop Specific
Drought Index
(CSDI) Red
P,T,Td,W,
Rad,AWC,
Mod,crop
data
Quality data of many variables needed,
making its use a challenge
Reclamation
Drought Index (RDI) Red P,T,S,R, SF
Similar to the SWSI, but contains a
temperature component
Soil Moisture Based
Ease
of
Use
Inputs
Needed Additional Information
Soil Moisture
Anomaly (SMA)
Yello
w P,T, AWC
Intended to improve upon the water
balance of the PDSI
Evapotranspiration
Deficit Index (ETDI) Red Mod
Complex calculations with multiple
inputs needed
Soil Moisture
Deficit Index (SMDI) Red Mod
Weekly calculations at different soil
depths, complicated to calculate
Soil Water Storage
(SWS) Red
AWC,RD,S
T,SWD
Due to variation in both soil and crop
types, interpolation over large areas is
challenging
Hydrological Based
Ease
of
Use
Inputs
Needed Additional Information
27. Index Name: Aridity Anomaly Index (AAI)
Ease of use: Green
Origins: Developed in India by the India Meteorological Department (IMD).
Characteristics: A real time drought index in which the water balance is considered. The Aridity Index
(AI) is computed for each week or bi-weekly period. For each period, the actual aridity for the period is
compared to the normal aridity for that period. Negative values indicate a surplus of moisture while
positive values indicate moisture stress.
Input parameters: Actual evapotranspiration and calculated potential evapotranspiration, which would
require temperature, wind, and solar radiation values.
Applications: Agricultural drought, especially in the tropics where defined wet and dry seasons are part
of the climate regime. Both the winter and summer cropping seasons can be assessed with this method.
Strengths: Specific to agriculture, the calculations are simple and the description of drought (mild,
moderate, severe) is based on the departure from normal. Will respond quickly with a weekly time step.
Weaknesses: Not applicable to long-term or multi-seasonal events.
Resources: http://www.imdpune.gov.in/research/drought/drought.html
References:
Indicator Summaries…
28. 1) Typically, No single indicator/index is
used solely in determining appropriate
actions
2) Instead, different thresholds from
different combinations of inputs is the
best way to approach monitoring and
triggers using a variety of indices and
indicators
3) Decision making (or “triggers”) based
on quantitative values are supported
favorably and are better understood
Critical Observations:
29. Lessons Learned
Monitoring is the foundation of risk
management planning
Trigger for who does what and when!
One can not manage what is not
monitored….and you can’t monitor
what you don’t measure!