Osteoarthritis is a type of joint disease that results from the breakdown of cartilage and underlying bone. It commonly affects the hands, feet, spine, and large weight-bearing joints like the hips and knees. The most common symptoms are joint pain, stiffness, and crackling noises. Risk factors include mechanical stress, excess weight, nerve impairment, and hereditary or hormonal conditions. It is diagnosed through x-rays, blood tests, and examination and shows features like bone spurs, cysts, and cartilage loss.

2.  It is a type of joint disease that results from
breakdown of joint cartilage and
underlying bone. The most common
symptoms are joint pain and stiffness.
 The most commonly involved joints are those
near the ends of the fingers, at the base of
the thumb, neck, lower back, knee, and hips.
Joints on one side of the body are often more
affected than those on the other. Usually the
symptoms come on over years.

3.  Pain
 Morning stiffness
 crackling noise
 Osteoarthritis commonly affects the hands,
feet, spine, and the large weight-
bearing joints, such as the hips and knees,
although in theory, any joint in the body can
be affected

4.  Mechanical stress
 Mechanical injury
 Excess body weight
 Impairment of peripheral nerve
 Primary factors like hereditary basis, sex
hormonal changes.
 Secondary factors like diabetes, congenital
disorders etc………

5.  X-RAYS
 CBC
 SCLEROSIS
 SUBCHONDRIAL CYST FORMATION
 OSTEOPHYTES

6.  WOMAC scale, taking into account pain,
stiffness and functional limitation.
 Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale for
osteoarthritis of the knee. It uses
only projectional radiography features.
 Tönnis classification for osteoarthritis of
the hip joint, also using only projectional
radiography features.

7.  Polyosteoarthritis can be characterized by
joint pain and stiffness. Polyosteoarthritis is
related to the process of aging, as water
content of body cartilage increases, and the
protein makeup of cartilage degenerates.

8.  Polyosteoarthritis-M15
 Primary generalized (osteo)arthritis-M15.0
 Heberden's nodes (with arthropathy)- M15.1
 Bouchard's nodes (with arthropathy)- M15.2
 Secondary multiple arthritis-M15.3
 Erosive (osteo)arthritis-M15.4
 Other polyosteoarthritis- M15.8
 Polyosteoarthritis, unspecified- M15.9

9.  Osteoarthritis of hip-M16
 Osteoarthritis of knee-M17
 Osteoarthritis of first carpometacarpal joint-
M18
 Other and unspecified osteoarthritis-M19
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