Ossification (Intracartilaginous and Intramembranous)Mohiuddin Masum
This presentation includes:
* Ossification definition
* Types of ossification
* Center of ossification
* Intramembranous ossification process
* Intracartilaginous ossification process
all the stages of bone formation described in easiest way possible for better understanding including graphical representation for better understanding. description of each and very thing.
Ossification (Intracartilaginous and Intramembranous)Mohiuddin Masum
This presentation includes:
* Ossification definition
* Types of ossification
* Center of ossification
* Intramembranous ossification process
* Intracartilaginous ossification process
all the stages of bone formation described in easiest way possible for better understanding including graphical representation for better understanding. description of each and very thing.
a brief ppt description about cartilage which may be usefull for teaching for first year mbbs, bds and paramedical students, hope it is helpfull to everyone
BONE – AN INTRODUCTION
A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton.
There are around 270 to 300+ bones in Infants which gets reduced to 206 bones in adults.
Bones are dynamic structures that are undergoing constant change and remodelling in
response to the ever-changing environment.
Bones support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells,
store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility.
It has a honeycomb-like matrix internally, which helps to give the bone rigidity.
The largest bone in the body is the femur or thigh-bone, and the smallest is the stapes in
the middle ear.
young bone , blood supply , types of epiphysis, parts of young bone, traction epiphysis, atavastic epiphysis, aberant epiphysis, pressure epiphysis, diaphysis, metaphysis, part of long bone, internal structure of shaft, periosteum, cortex of bone, medullary cavity, epiphysial artery, metaphysial artery, periosteal artery, nutrient artery, arterial supply of short boneperi
The presentation include general definition of bone and it's functions. Also, describe the chemical composition of bone and then specifically describe alveolar process.
Bone tissue is the major structural and supportive connective tissue of the body. Osseous tissue forms the rigid part of the bones that make up the skeletal system.
Cartilage is a connective tissue structure that is composed of a collagen and proteoglycan-rich matrix and a single cell type: the chondrocyte. Cartilage is unique among connective tissues in that it lacks blood vessels and nerves and receives its nutrition solely by diffusion
a brief ppt description about cartilage which may be usefull for teaching for first year mbbs, bds and paramedical students, hope it is helpfull to everyone
BONE – AN INTRODUCTION
A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton.
There are around 270 to 300+ bones in Infants which gets reduced to 206 bones in adults.
Bones are dynamic structures that are undergoing constant change and remodelling in
response to the ever-changing environment.
Bones support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells,
store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility.
It has a honeycomb-like matrix internally, which helps to give the bone rigidity.
The largest bone in the body is the femur or thigh-bone, and the smallest is the stapes in
the middle ear.
young bone , blood supply , types of epiphysis, parts of young bone, traction epiphysis, atavastic epiphysis, aberant epiphysis, pressure epiphysis, diaphysis, metaphysis, part of long bone, internal structure of shaft, periosteum, cortex of bone, medullary cavity, epiphysial artery, metaphysial artery, periosteal artery, nutrient artery, arterial supply of short boneperi
The presentation include general definition of bone and it's functions. Also, describe the chemical composition of bone and then specifically describe alveolar process.
Bone tissue is the major structural and supportive connective tissue of the body. Osseous tissue forms the rigid part of the bones that make up the skeletal system.
Cartilage is a connective tissue structure that is composed of a collagen and proteoglycan-rich matrix and a single cell type: the chondrocyte. Cartilage is unique among connective tissues in that it lacks blood vessels and nerves and receives its nutrition solely by diffusion
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
CONTENTS
FORMATION OF BONE
CLASSIFICATION OF BONES
STRUCTURE OF BONE
BLOOD SUPPLY
COMPOSITION OF BONE
FRACTURE HEALING
CARTILAGE
TYPES OF CARTILAGE
BONE (syn – Os; Osteon)
Osseous tissue, a specialised form of dense connective
tissue consisting of bone cells (osteocytes)
Embedded in a matrix of calcified intercelluar
substance
Bone matrix contains collagen fibres and the minerals
calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate
CHONDROBLAST:Progenitor of chondrocytes
Lines border between perichondrium and matrix
Secretes type II collagen and other ECM components
CHONDROCYTE: Mature cartilage cell
Reside in a space called the lacuna
Clear areas = Golgi and lipid droplets,RER
PERICHONDRIUM:Dense irregularly arranged connective tissue
Ensheaths the cartilage
Houses the blood vessels that nourish chondrocytes
CARTILAGE GROWTH:Appositional
Increasing in WIDTH; chondroblasts deposit matrix on surface of pre-existing cartilage
Interstitial
Increasing in LENGTH; chondrocytes divide and secrete matrix from w/in lacunae
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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Ossification
1. OSSIFICATION
INTRAMEMBRANOUS
DIRECT METHOD
Source of most flat bones.
Begin in 2nd
month of i.u life.
Formation of a membrane by
condensation of mesenchyme in
the area.
Vascularisation of the
mesenchyme
Differentiation into osteoblast.
Formation of osteoid
Calcification of osteoid.
Formation of spongy bone.
2. continued
Fusion of ossification centres and replacement of orignal
c.tissue.
Fontanelles of newborn are unossified c.tissue.
Spaces between trabeculae filled with lamellar bone so
inner and outer tables of skull bone form. Entire primordium
is surrounded by dense mesenchyme which gives fibrous
layer of periosteum.
3. INTRACARTILAGINOUS OR
ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION
Source of long and short bones.
Formation of primary centre of ossification within a piece of
hayline cartilage which resemble a small version of bone in
diaphysis.
Degeneration of local cartilage by programmed cell death.
Penetration of blood vessels and mesenchymal cells.
Osteoprogenitor cells penetrate that area derived from
perichondrium around that area.
Formation of primary bone by osteoblast that surround
cartilaginous matrix remanants.
Appearance of secondary centres of ossification in the extremities
of cartilage model.
Formation of cavities that are filled with bone marrow.
4. CONTINUE
Cartilage remains in two region in secondary ossification
centres.
Articular cartilage, which persist throught adult life and do
not contribute to bone growth.
Epiphyseal cartilage which connect two epiphysis to the
diaphysis. It is responsible for the growth in length of the
bone, it disappear in adults that’s why growth ceases in
adulthood.
5. ENDOCHONDRAL ossificationFormation of long bone
on a model made of
cartilage
Two basic events in
endochondral
ossification
Destruction and removal of
the hyaline cartilage
except at joint surfaces.
Formation of bone tissue
in the spaces previously
occupied by cartilage.
7. EPIPHYSEAL CARTILAGE
Resting zone, consist of
hyaline cartilage.
Proliferative zone,
chondrocytes divide rapidly
and form colums of packed
cells.
Hypertrophic cartilage zone,
consist of large chondrocytes
with accumulated glycogen
,resorbed matrix is in the
form of thin septa.
8. CONTINUE
Calcified cartilage zone
,chondrocyte die,thin septa
calcified by deposition of
hydroxyapatite crystals.
Ossification zone,
endochondral bone tissue
appears,blood capillaries and
osteoprogenitor cells formed
which differentiate into
osteoblasts which deposit
bone matrix over the septa of
calcified cartilage matrix.
9. THREE DIMENSIONAL SHAPE OF
BONE IN THE EPIPHYSEAL PLATE
AREA
Rates of two opposing
events i.e proliferation and
destruction are equal
epipheal plate donot
change in thickness
It is displaced away from
the middle of the diaphysis
resulting in growth in
length of the bone.
10. CLINICAL
APPLICATION
Ricket, ca deficency in
children.Bone matrix does
not calcify normaly and
epiphyseal plate distorted
,ossification process Is
hindred, bone growth is slow.
Osteomalacia ,ca deficency
in adults characterised by
deficent calcification of
recently formed bone .
Osteoprosis ,found in
immobilised patients and in
postmenopausal women.It is
an imbalance in skeletal
turnover ,bone resorption
exceeds bone formation.
Osteopetrosis or
marblebone.a genetic
disorder charterised by dense
heavy bone ,osteoclast lack
ruffled border defective bone
resorption.