OSI Model By Amjad, Rimsha Safi Ullah And Iqra
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The document discusses the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model created by the International Organization for Standardization. The seven-layer OSI model provides a standard for how different networking technologies can communicate. It describes the functions of each layer, including physical transmission of bits, error-free delivery of data, routing packets across networks, reliable end-to-end message transport, session synchronization, data formatting, and providing applications and services to users.
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Osi model
This document provides an overview of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, which is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to their underlying internal structure and technology. It describes how data moves from one computer to another networked computer by dividing the tasks involved into 7 smaller layers, with each layer performing a specific communication task and providing services to adjacent layers to reduce complexity. The 7 layers are the physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layers.
OSI layer (Network)
The document describes the 7 layers of the OSI model. Each layer has a specific function: Physical layer handles transmission of raw bits of data; Data link layer organizes bits into frames and handles node-to-node delivery; Network layer handles packet transmission between hosts and logical addressing; Transport layer ensures reliable end-to-end communication through techniques like segmentation and error control; Session layer establishes and manages communication sessions between applications; Presentation layer defines data presentation formats and handles things like encryption and compression; Application layer allows direct user interaction with applications and network resources.
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OSI model
The document summarizes the seven-layer OSI model. It describes each layer from one to seven, including examples of protocols and functions. The seven layers are: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application. The physical layer deals with media and signal transmission. The data link layer handles physical addressing, MAC, and converting packets to frames. The network layer provides logical addressing, routing, and path determination. The transport layer manages segmentation, flow control, error control, and connection transmission. The session layer establishes and manages connections between applications. The presentation layer translates between data representation formats. And the application layer supports end-user processes and application-specific protocols.
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The OSI model is a conceptual framework that characterizes computing functions into a set of rules to support interoperability between networking systems. It divides network communication processes into seven smaller layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layer. Each layer has a specific role like the physical layer deals with transmission of raw bits, the network layer handles routing between devices, and the application layer supports programs that use the network. The model allows networks with different hardware and software to communicate in a standard way.
OSI Model
The OSI model is a standard framework for network communication consisting of 7 layers: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application. It was created in 1976 and first accepted as a standard in 1980 by the International Organization for Standardization to describe the functions of networking systems. Each layer has a specific role, with the physical layer transferring data between hosts, the data link layer ensuring error-free delivery using MAC addresses, the network layer routing between hosts using IP addresses, the transport layer breaking data into segments, the session layer managing connections, the presentation layer handling encryption/decryption, and the application layer interacting with software applications to produce network data.
Assignment 6
The document discusses the seven layers of the OSI model:
1. The physical layer is responsible for the actual physical connection between devices and contains information in bit form.
2. The data link layer is responsible for error-free node to node delivery of messages and transfers data over the physical layer.
3. The network layer works for transmission of data from one host to another located in different networks and selects the shortest path for packet routing.
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OSI layer (Network)
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The OSI model is a conceptual framework that characterizes computing functions into a set of rules to support interoperability between networking systems. It divides network communication processes into seven smaller layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layer. Each layer has a specific role like the physical layer deals with transmission of raw bits, the network layer handles routing between devices, and the application layer supports programs that use the network. The model allows networks with different hardware and software to communicate in a standard way.
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The OSI model is a standard framework for network communication consisting of 7 layers: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application. It was created in 1976 and first accepted as a standard in 1980 by the International Organization for Standardization to describe the functions of networking systems. Each layer has a specific role, with the physical layer transferring data between hosts, the data link layer ensuring error-free delivery using MAC addresses, the network layer routing between hosts using IP addresses, the transport layer breaking data into segments, the session layer managing connections, the presentation layer handling encryption/decryption, and the application layer interacting with software applications to produce network data.
Assignment 6
The document discusses the seven layers of the OSI model:
1. The physical layer is responsible for the actual physical connection between devices and contains information in bit form.
2. The data link layer is responsible for error-free node to node delivery of messages and transfers data over the physical layer.
3. The network layer works for transmission of data from one host to another located in different networks and selects the shortest path for packet routing.
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OSI MODEL
1. The OSI model is a standard reference model that defines the functions of a networking system by separating it into 7 layers.
2. Each layer has a specific role and provides services to the layer above it. Data moves down the layers at the sending device and up at the receiving device.
3. The model was developed in 1984 by ISO to provide a common way of designing and implementing communication between any two systems using a network. It aims to make networks more flexible, efficient and easy to maintain.
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The OSI model has 7 layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layer. Each layer has a specific function in the flow of data from source to destination.
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The document discusses different network topologies including bus, ring, star, tree, mesh, and hybrid topologies. It describes the key characteristics of each topology such as their advantages and disadvantages. It also defines common networking devices like hubs, switches, routers, repeaters, and brouters explaining their basic functions.
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OSI MODEL
1. The OSI model is a standard reference model that defines the functions of a networking system by separating it into 7 layers.
2. Each layer has a specific role and provides services to the layer above it. Data moves down the layers at the sending device and up at the receiving device.
3. The model was developed in 1984 by ISO to provide a common way of designing and implementing communication between any two systems using a network. It aims to make networks more flexible, efficient and easy to maintain.
Mid term Topic
Data communication involves the transfer of data between a source and receiver. It focuses on how the data is transferred and preserved during transmission. There are five main components: a message, sender, receiver, medium, and protocol.
The TCP/IP model defines four layers - application, transport, internet, and network interface - that work together to transmit data across networks. The transport layer ensures reliable and error-free delivery of data between processes running on different devices. It includes protocols like TCP that provide features like flow control, error checking, and retransmission.
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The document discusses the OSI reference model, which was developed by ISO in 1984 to standardize network communication. It describes the need for standards due to incompatible networks. The OSI model organizes network functions into seven layers, with each layer providing services to the layer above and handling distinct network duties like physical transmission, routing, and application support. This layered approach reduces complexity and promotes interoperability between different network technologies.
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This document provides an overview of data communication and networking concepts. It discusses data communication elements like messages, senders, receivers, and protocols. It describes different data transmission methods including parallel and serial transmission. It also covers data transmission modes like simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex. Additional topics covered include internet vs intranet, types of networks like LAN, MAN and WAN, network topologies, networking devices, OSI model, and TCP/IP.
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
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6:个人职称评审加20分
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8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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OSI Model By Amjad, Rimsha Safi Ullah And Iqra
- 2. By Group 04
- 3. Group No. 4 Hafiz M.Amjad Rimsha Riaz Safi Ullah Nasir Fahad Hashir Iqra Parveeen
- 5. ISO International Standard Organization Established In 1947 Open System Interconnection Model Understanding And Designing A Network Architecture
- 6. Allow Different Types Of Network To Communicate Avoidable Duplication Of Equipment Resources Breaks Network Communication Into Smaller Parts To Facilitates Standardization Of Network Components
- 7. 7. Application 6. Presentation 5. Session 4. Transport 3. Network 2. Data Link 1. Physical
- 8. Upper Layers Lower Layers Middle Layer 7. Application 6. Presentation 5. Session 4. Transport 3. Network 2. Data Link 1. Physical
- 10. Representation Of Bits. Physical Topology. Data Rate. Synchronization Of Bits. Transmission Mode. Hub
- 11. Purpose Translation Of Bits Into Signals Example • Transmission Synchronization
- 12. Framing. Physical Addressing. Flow Control. Error Control. Access Control. Switch
- 13. Purpose • Manages The Flow Of Data Over The Physical Media Responsible For Error-Free Transmission
- 15. Optimal Path. Data Is In The Form Of Packets Logical (IP) Addressing Routing Main Protocols At This Layer Are IP ,ICMP ,ARP Logical addressing.
- 16. Purpose • Addressing And Routing The Packets Example Application At The Router • If The Packet Size Is Large, Splits Into Small Packets
- 17. Service-Point Addressing. Segmentation And Reassembly. Connection Control. Flow Control. Error Control.
- 18. Purpose • Repackage Proper And Efficient Delivery of packages Error free In sequence Without Duplication
- 20. Dialog control. Synchronization. Purpose • Oversee A Communication Session • Establish • Maintain • Terminate
- 21. Translation. Encryption. Compression. Compatibility With OS. Proper Encapsulation Of Data For Network Transmission. Data Formatting ( ASCII, Binary)
- 22. Purpose • Formats Data For Exchange Between Points Of Communication Ex: Between Nodes In A Network Example: • Redirector Software • Formats For Transmission To The Server
- 24. User Use Data File Transfer, Access, And Management. Mail Services. Directory Services.
- 25. Purpose • The application layer is responsible for providing services to the user. Examples • File Request From Server • E-mail Services
- 26. The International Standards Organization Open Systems Interconnection Allows Diverse Systems To Communicate. Provides Guidelines. The Physical Layer:Transmit A Bit. The Data Link Layer:Deliveres Data Units. The Network Layer:Source-To-Destination Delivery Of Packet.
- 27. The Transport Layer : Process-To-Process Delivery Message. The Session Layer: Synchronizes. The Presentation Layer : The presentation layer is responsible for translation, compression, and encryption. The Application Layer:Provides User Interface And Support For Services.
- 28. Summary The International Standards Organization created a model called the Open Systems Interconnection, which allows diverse systems to communicate. The seven-layer OSI model provides guidelines for the development of universally compatible networking protocols. The physical layer coordinates the functions required to transmit a bit stream over a physical medium. The data link layer is responsible for delivering data units from one station to the next without errors. The network layer is responsible for the source-to-destination delivery of a packet across multiple network links. The transport layer is responsible for the process-to-process delivery of the entire message. The session layer establishes, maintains, and synchronizes the interactions between communicating devices. The presentation layer ensures interoperability between communicating devices through transformation of data into a mutually agreed upon format. The Application Layer Enable user, (human or software) to access the network and Provides user interface and support for services (email, Remote file access, shared database management system).