The document summarizes the 4 layers of the TCP/IP model: 1) The physical layer defines how raw bits are transmitted over a physical medium and provides electrical and procedural interfaces. 2) The data link layer transfers data between adjacent nodes on a local network or wide area network and can detect and correct errors. 3) The network layer provides means to transfer variable-length data sequences between hosts while maintaining quality of service. 4) The transport layer provides end-to-end communication services like connections, reliability, flow control and multiplexing.

1. Information about TCP/IP
And its 4 layers

2. • The physical layer defines the means of transmitting raw bits rather than logical
data packets over a physical link connecting network nodes. The bit stream may
be grouped into code words or symbols and converted to a physical signal that is
transmitted over a hardware transmission medium. The physical layer provides an
electrical, mechanical, and procedural interface to the transmission medium. The
shapes and properties of the electrical connectors, the frequencies to broadcast
on, the modulation scheme to use and similar low-level parameters, are specified
here.
• Within the semantics of the OSI network architecture, the physical layer
translates logical communications requests from the data link layer into
hardware-specific operations to effect transmission or reception of electronic
signals.

3. • The data link layer is the protocol layer that transfers data between
adjacent network nodes in a wide area network or between nodes on
the same local area network segment.[1] The data link layer provides
the functional and procedural means to transfer data between
network entities and might provide the means to detect and possibly
correct errors that may occur in the physical layer. Examples of data
link protocols are Ethernet for local area networks (multi-node), the
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), HDLC and ADCCP for point-to-point
(dual-node) connections.

4. • The network layer provides the functional and procedural means of
transferring variable-length data sequences from a source to a
destination host via one or more networks, while maintaining the
quality of service functions.

5. • In computer networking, the transport layer or layer 4 provides end-
to-end communication services for applications[1] within a layered
architecture of network components and protocols. The transport
layer provides convenient services such as connection-oriented data
stream support, reliability, flow control, and multiplexing.
Transport Layer

6. • The session layer provides the mechanism for opening, closing and
managing a session between end-user application processes, i.e., a
semi-permanent dialogue. Communication sessions consist of
requests and responses that occur between applications. Session-
layer services are commonly used in application environments that
make use of remote procedure calls (RPCs).

7. • The presentation layer is the lowest layer at which application
programmers consider data structure and presentation, instead of
simply sending data in form of datagrams or packets between hosts.
This layer deals with issues of string representation - whether they
use the Pascal method. The idea is that the application layer should
be able to point at the data to be moved, and the presentation layer
will deal with the rest

8. • In the Internet model, the application layer is an abstraction layer
reserved for communications protocols and methods designed for
process-to-process communications across an Internet Protocol
computer network. Application layer protocols use the underlying
transport layer protocols to establish process-to-process connections
via ports

9. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_rsqVtaloI
• This is a really detailed video.

10. Conclusion/bibliography
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presentation_layer
• References
• License., C. C.-S. (2014, febuary 17). TCP/IP. p. 1,2,3,4
• https://www.google.co.nz/