This document provides information about different animal phyla and classes. It discusses the characteristics of molluscs like bivalves, gastropods, and cephalopods. It also describes the classes within the phylum Echinodermata, including sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, and feather stars. Additionally, it summarizes the characteristics of arthropods and highlights examples like insects, spiders, and crustaceans. Finally, it outlines the five classes that make up the phylum Chordata: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

1. .

2. Characteristics:
Soft bodies
Hard Shells
Live on land or in water
have a circulatory system and a complex
nervous system.
Important food source for humans

6. Vampire squid
grass squid
bobtail squid

7. Cuttlefish have an internal shell the cuttlebone, large W-shaped pupils, and eight arms
and two tentacles furnished with denticulated suckers, with which they secure their
prey.

8. OCTOPUSES

10. Bivalves
2 shells hinged
together
clams, oysters,
scallops and mussels

12. Class Gastropoda
-snails and slugs
-may have 1 shell
-stomach-footed -
move on stomach

15. NUDIBRANCH

17. chitons

19. LIMPETS

20. Phylum Echinodermata
(Spiny-skinned animals)
Characteristics:
Hard, spiny skinned
Live in salt water
Radial symmetry
With endoskeleton

21. Examples of living
echinoderm classes
Asteroidea
- Starfish or Sea Stars
Crinoidea
- Feather Stars
Ophiuroidea
- Brittle Stars
Echinoidea
- Sea Urchins and
Sand Dollars
Holothuroidea
- Sea Cucumbers

22. Class Echinoidea
(sand dollars & sea urchins)
Sand Dollar.mp4

26. Class Holothuroidea
Sea Cucumber

28. Class Asteroidea
(starfish or sea star)

30. 10/07/13 PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA 30
Class Crinoidea
(crinoids or “sea lilies”)
Diagram illustrating the major body parts of a crinoid.
Feather star. Fossil of a prehistoric stalked
crinoid.

31. Crinoidal limestone, consis-ting
mainly of crinoid columnals.
Reconstruction of crinoids growing
on the seafloor during the
Mississippian.

32. Class Ophiuroidea
(brittle stars)
Green brittle star
(Ophiarachna incrassata)
Fossil brittle star (Palaeocoma
egertoni) from the Jurassic of
England

33. A Middle Ordovician Cystaster edrioasteroid.

34. Most common brittle star in the world
Ophiactis savignyi
Sea cucumber (holothuroidea)
starfish

35. Phylum Arthropoda
(joint-legged animals)
Characteristics:
Body divided into sections/segments
Exoskeleton
Jointed legs
well developed nervous system
largest group of organisms on earth

39. crab
lobster

42. M
E
T
A
M
O
r

44. Tarantula
Brown Recluse Spider

47. Class Maxilopoda:
Subclass Copepoda -
Stalkless Barnacle

50. ectoparasite
Class Insecta
with antennae
3 pairs of legs
3 body regions - head,
thorax & abdomen

52. The six include mandibles for cutting through the host's skin. They are blade-like tips which are enclosed within the proboscis and
are protruded to its tip only when the mosquito requires a blood meal. Only then are they protruded through the outer tube to
make a sharp surgical incision.
Mosquito Mandible
Then there is the labrum-epipharynx which during the act of biting, becomes a complete tube called the food canal through which
blood is drawn. Whenever the mosquito bites, its saliva is transferred to the wound through the hypopharynx.

55. WINGS

59. Class Chilopoda
Centipedes are usually terrestrial
carnivores
Have 1 pair of antennae
I pair of leg per segment
Often poisonous, using modified
front claws to immobilize prey

63. Class Diplopoda
Millipedes
segmented animals
Have 2 pairs of legs per
segment
Primarily herbivores &
decomposers

65. Characteristics:
Bilateral symmetry.
With segmented bodies, which
include segmented muscles.
With a well–developed coelom.
With hollow nerve cord that
usually ends with a brain.
With post anal tail at some point in
their life.

66. With pharyngeal or gill slits at
some points in their life.
Have ventral heart, with blood
vessels and a closed circulatory
system
With complete digestive system,
meaning that they have a different
anus and mouth.
With endoskeleton made out of
either bone or cartilage.

67. 5 Classes

68. Class Amphibia
With bony endoskeletons, usually
four legs
Require water at some stage of
life cycle
Skin serves as respiratory organ
Ex . Frogs, salamanders, caecilians

70. Class Aves
With feathers, horny beaks, scaly
legs and they are egg-laying
With wings for flight and with
lightweight bones
Ex. Ducks, doves, chicken

72. Classes of fish
Jawless fishes with eel –like body with no
paired fins
Jawed fishes (ex. Cartilaginous fishes or
placoderms) with bony elements and pairs
of fins.
Bony fishes( 96% of living species)
Ex. Tuna, goldfish, eel, etc.

76. Class Reptilia
with scaly skin which is resistant to
drying
With copulatory organ and produce
amniotic eggs
Ex. crocodiles, turtles, snakes, lizard,
tuataras.

77. Class Reptilia

78. Class Mammalia
2 Egg-laying ex. Platypus, Echidna
Bigger brains
With mammary glands to nourish
their young
Covered with hair except the whales
Has specialized teeth

79. Class Mammalia

81. Mammals

82. Mammals
Cats