This document provides information about the animal kingdom. It describes general characteristics of animals such as being multicellular, eukaryotic, and having a nervous system. It then discusses different types of symmetry found in animals and explains the two main types of skeletons: exoskeleton and endoskeleton. The document proceeds to describe several phyla within the animal kingdom including their defining characteristics. These phyla include porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminthes, nematoda, and annelida. Examples are given for types of animals that fall under each phylum.

1. .

2. General characteristics
Multicellular
Eukaryotic but with no cell walls
Heterotrophs (consumers)
With nervous system to respond to
their environment
Locomotion relates to ability to
obtain food by moving to different
places
Most animals develop from a zygote
to become a new organism (individual)

3. Animals that are
irregular in shape are
asymmetrical.
Animals that are
regular in shape are
symmetrical.

4. An animal has radial symmetry if it can be
divided along any plane, through a central axis,
into equal halves.
An animal has bilateral symmetry if it can be
divided down its length into similar right and left
halves forming mirror images of each other.

5. Though not all animals have a skeleton, those that do
not have can be divided into two groups:
Those with an exoskeleton – a hard, waxy
coating on the outside of the body that
protects internal organs, provides a
framework for support, and a place for
muscle attachment. Ex. Shrimp
Those with an endoskeleton – support
framework within the body that protects
some organs and a brace for muscles to
pull against. Ex. Squid

6. Phyla under
Animal Kingdom

7. Phylum Porifera
(pore-bearing animals)
Characteristics:
-the simplest form of animal life
-live in water
-cannot move around
-no symmetry
-with pores (holes) all over body

8. Filter Feeders: a sponge filters particles
of food from water using collar cells
and then pumps the water out the
osculum.

9. Sponges

10. Sponges

14. Phylum Coelenterata
(Cnidaria)
hollowed-bodied animals
Characteristics:
Live in water
Most have tentacles
catch food with stinging
cells(nematocyst)
gut for digestion

15. Medusae

16. Carybdea sivickisiChironex fleckeri
Chiropsalmus sp.
Carukia barnesi

19. Coelenterates- Hydrozoans

20. Cyanea capillata ->

22. Polyp

25. Corymorpha nutans

26. Anthozoans
Scypozoans

27. Urticina coriacea->
<- Anthopleura sola
<- Anthopleura artemisia
Metridium farcimen ->

29. Phylum
Platyhelminthes
(flatworms)
 Flat, ribbon-like body
 Live in water or are
parasites
 bilateral symmetry

30. Flatworms-turbellarians

31. Planaria

33. Two turbellarians mating by penis fencing. Each has two
penises, the white spikes on the undersides of their
heads.
Pseudobiseros Polyclad

34. Flukes

35. Liver Fluke

36. Tapeworm-Taenia solium

37. Life cycle of Tapeworms

38. Phylum Nematoda
(Nemathelminthes)
Round worms
Characteristics:
-round, tubular body
-some are small or microscopic
-bilateral symmetry
-have both a mouth and anus
-live in water or are parasites

40. Hookworm
Trichinella

41. Ascaris
A large roundworm that lives
in the intestines of pigs, horses
and sometimes man
Females are larger than the
males and may reach a length of
nearly twelve inches
Ascaris eggs enter the human
being in contaminated food or
water
They do not hatch in the stomach, but they
begin to hatch within a few hours when they
reach the small intestine
A mature female lays about 200,000 eggs
each day
Ascaris seems relatively harmless in man,
although occasionally a large number of adult
worms twist together, block the intestine and
cause death
Infections are more common in children
Adults become infected under conditions of
lack of vitamins

42. Ascariasis

43. toxocariasis

44. Heart worm

45. Dracunculus

46. Loa loa
Ancyclostoma

47. Elephantiasis

49. Phylum Annelida
(segmented worms)
Characteristics:
Body divided into segments(sections)
Live in water or underground
have a nervous and circulatory system

50. Groups

51. Hirudinae:The LeechHirudinae:The Leech